Boutiàre 2016 1818. Boutiàre C, Rey C, Zaaraoui W, Le Troter A, Rico A, Crespy L, et al. Improvement of spasticity following intermittent theta burst stimulation in multiple sclerosis is associated with modulation of resting-state functional connectivity of the primary motor cortices. Mult Scler 2017; 23: 855-863, doi: 10.1177/1352458516661640. https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458516661640...
|
France |
SP/RR |
iTBS once daily for 13 consecutive working days + standardized rehabilitation |
Sham iTBS + standardized rehabilitation |
9/8 |
51.6±10.6 |
47.06% |
80% AMT |
600 |
VAS |
Improvement of spasticity was greater in iTBS group than in sham iTBS group (P=0.026) |
Centonze 2007 1919. Centonze D, Koch G, Versace V, Mori F, Rossi S, Brusa L, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex ameliorates spasticity in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2007; 68: 1045-1050, doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000257818.16952.62. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.000025781...
|
Italy |
RR |
5 Hz rTMS once daily for 5 consecutive days for 2 weeks |
Sham rTMS |
12/7 |
41.4±6.1 |
73.68% |
100% RMT |
900 |
MAS |
rTMS may improve spasticity in MS |
Dieguez-Varela 2019 2020. Dieguez-Varela C, Lion-Vazquez S, Fraga-Bau A, Rodriguez-Acevedo B, Rodriguez-Sanchez L, Collazo-Dieguez M, et al. Intermittent theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of spasticity in patients with recurring multiple sclerosis: the results of a double-blind randomised clinical trial [in Spanish]. Rev Neurol 2019; 69: 45-52, doi: 10.33588/rn.6902.2018275. https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.6902.2018275...
|
Spain |
RR |
iTBS once daily for 10 treatment sessions (two weeks) |
Sham iTBS |
10/7 |
49.8±9.8 |
58.82% |
80% AMT |
600 |
MAS |
iTBS did not produce any significant clinical effect on spasticity |
Korzhova 2019 2121. Korzhova J, Bakulin I, Sinitsyn D, et al. High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and intermittent theta-burst stimulation for spasticity management in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol. 2019; 26(4): 680-e44, doi: 10.1111/ene.13877. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.13877...
|
Russia |
SP |
20 Hz rTMS once daily for 5 consecutive days for 2 weeks + physical therapy |
Sham rTMS + physical therapy |
12/5 |
41.7±17.7 |
61.76% |
80% AMT |
1600 |
MAS, SESS, NAS, MFIS |
MAS was significantly reduced after the stimulation course in the HF-rTMS group |
Korzhova 2019 2121. Korzhova J, Bakulin I, Sinitsyn D, et al. High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and intermittent theta-burst stimulation for spasticity management in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol. 2019; 26(4): 680-e44, doi: 10.1111/ene.13877. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.13877...
|
Russia |
SP |
iTBS once daily for 5 consecutive days for 2 weeks + physical therapy |
Sham iTBS + physical therapy |
12/5 |
46.7±7.8 |
55.88% |
80% MSP |
1200 |
MAS, SESS, NAS, MFIS |
MAS was significantly reduced after the stimulation course in the iTBS group |
Mori 2010 2222. Mori F, Codecè C, Kusayanagi H, Monteleone F, Boffa L, Rimano A, et al. Effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation on spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2010; 17: 295-300, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02806.x. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009...
|
Italy |
RR |
iTBS once daily for 5 consecutive days for 2 weeks |
Sham iTBS |
10/10 |
44.3±12.5 |
65% |
80% AMT |
600 |
MAS |
Patients receiving iTBS showed a significant reduction of MAS scores |
Mori 2011 2323. Mori F, Ljoka C, Magni E, Codecè C, Kusayanagi H, Monteleone F, et al. Transcranial magnetic stimulation primes the effects of exercise therapy in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 2011; 258: 1281-1287, doi: 10.1007/s00415-011-5924-1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-011-5924-...
|
Italy |
RR |
iTBS once daily for 5 consecutive days for 2 weeks + exercise therapy |
Sham iTBS + exercise therapy |
10/10 |
38.4±11.2 |
35% |
80% AMT |
600 |
MAS, MSSS-88, FSS |
A combination of iTBS and ET ameliorated spasticity |
Nielsen 1996 2424. Nielsen JF, Sinkjaer T, Jakobsen J. Treatment of spasticity with repetitive magnetic stimulation; a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Mult Scler 1996; 2: 227-232, doi: 10.1177/135245859600200503. https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458596002005...
|
Denmark |
NA |
25 Hz rTMS twice daily for 7 consecutive days + daily physical activity and physical therapy |
Sham rTMS + daily physical activity and physical therapy |
21/17 |
44 (26-67) |
68.42% |
NA |
NA |
Clinical spasticity score |
rTMS had an antispastic effect in MS |
Şan 2019 2525. Şan AU, Yılmaz B, Kesikburun S. The effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Neurol 2019; 15: 461-467, doi: 10.3988/jcn.2019.15.2.250. https://doi.org/10.3988/jcn.2019.15.2.25...
|
Turkey |
NA |
5 Hz rTMS once daily for 10 sessions lasting 2 weeks + physical therapy and rehabilitation program |
Sham rTMS + physical therapy and rehabilitation program |
10/6 |
49.93±12.27 |
50% |
110% RMT |
900 |
MAS |
Active rTMS reduced spasticity in MS patients compared to control group |