miR-21 |
up-regulated |
Increased PASMCs proliferation. |
PASMCs culture from PAH patients. |
Sarkar et al., 2010 7070. Sarkar J, Gou D, Turaka P, Viktorova E, Ramchandran R, Raj JU. MicroRNA-21 plays a role in hypoxia-mediated pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2010; 299: L861–L871, doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00201.2010. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00201.20...
|
miR-98 |
down-regulated |
Linked with augmented ET-1. |
Pulmonary artery endothelial cell culture of PAH patients and hypoxia-induced PAH in rat. |
Kang et al., 2016 7171. Kang BY, Park KK, Kleinhenz JM, Murphy TC, Green DE, Bijli KM, et al. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma and microRNA 98 in Hypoxia-Induced Endothelin-1 Signaling. Am J Resp Cell Mol Biol 2016; 54: 136–146, doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0337OC. https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2014-0337OC...
|
miR-103/107 |
down-regulated |
Related to activation of HIF-1β signaling pathways, enhanced proliferation of PASMCs and vascular remodeling in PAH. |
Hypoxia-induced PAH in rat. |
Deng et al., 2016 7272. Deng B, Du J, Hu R, Wang AP, Wu WH, Hu CP, et al. MicroRNA-103/107 is involved in hypoxia-induced proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells by targeting HIF-1beta. Life Sci 2016; 147: 117–124, doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.043. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.04...
|
miR-135a |
up-regulated |
High right ventricular systolic pressure linked to BMPR2 down-expression in lung. |
Experimental mouse model. |
Lee and Park, 2017 7575. Lee HW, Park SH. Elevated microRNA-135a is associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension in experimental mouse model. Oncotarget 2017; 8: 35609–35618, doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.16011. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.1601...
|
miR-140 |
up-regulated |
Linked to reduced MFN1 expression in hypertrophic right ventricles from PAH rats. |
Sugen-5416 injection plus hypoxia exposure-induced PAH rats. |
Joshi et al., 2016 7676. Joshi SR, Dhagia V, Gairhe S, Edwards JG, McMurtry IF, Gupte SA. MicroRNA-140 is elevated and mitofusin-1 is downregulated in the right ventricle of the Sugen5416/hypoxia/normoxia model of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311: H689–H698, doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00264.2016. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00264.2...
|
miR-140-5p |
down-regulated |
High PASMC proliferation dependent of SMURF1 pathways. |
PASMCs culture from PAH patients.Monocrotaline-induced PAH in rat. |
Rothman et al., 2016 7777. Rothman AM, Arnold ND, Pickworth JA, Iremonger J, Ciuclan L, Allen RM, et al. MicroRNA-140-5p and SMURF1 regulate pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Clin Invest 2016; 126: 2495–2508, doi: 10.1172/JCI83361. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI83361...
; Zhang and Xu, 2016 7878. Zhang Y, Xu J. MiR-140-5p regulates hypoxia-mediated human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation by targeting Dnmt1 and promoting SOD2 expression. Bioch Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473: 342–348, doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.1...
|
miR-204 |
down-regulated |
RUNX2 overexpression and HIF-1α activation linked to PASMC proliferation in PAH. |
PASMCs culture from PAH patients, human PAH lung and Sugen/hypoxia-induced PAH in rats. |
Ruffenach et al., 2016 7979. Ruffenach G, Chabot S, Tanguay VF, Courboulin A, Boucherat O, Potus F, et al. Role for Runt-related Transcription Factor 2 in Proliferative and Calcified Vascular Lesions in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 194: 1273–1285, doi: 10.1164/rccm.201512-2380OC. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201512-2380...
|
miR-223 |
down-regulated |
miR-223 overexpression in hypoxia-induced PAH model, it is associated with attenuation in pulmonary arterial pressure. |
Human PAH lung, distal pulmonary arterioles and PASMCs culture. |
Meloche et al., 2015 8282. Meloche J, Le Guen M, Potus F, Vinck J, Ranchoux B, Johnson I, et al. miR-223 reverses experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309: C363–C372, doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00149.2015. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00149.20...
; Smith et al., 2015 8181. Smith KA, Yuan JX, Schumacker PT. MicroRNAs and PARP: co-conspirators with ROS in pulmonary hypertension. Focus on “miR-223 reverses experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension”. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309: C361–C362, doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00209.2015. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00209.20...
|
miR-210 |
up-regulated |
Induce PASMC proliferation HIF-1α dependent. |
PASMCs culture and hypoxia-induced PAH in rat. |
Gou et al., 2012 8787. Gou D, Ramchandran R, Peng X, Yao L, Kang K, Sarkar J, et al. miR-210 has an antiapoptotic effect in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells during hypoxia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2012; 303: L682–L691, doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00344.2011. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00344.20...
|
miR-199a-5p |
up-regulated |
Associated with lower level of oxide nitric in PAH. |
PAH in rat models and PASMCs culture from PAH patients. |
Liu et al., 2016 8686. Liu Y, Liu G, Zhang H, Wang J. MiRNA-199a-5p influences pulmonary artery hypertension via downregulating Smad3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473: 859–866, doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.1...
|
let-7a-5p,miR-26b-5p, miR-27b-3p, miR-199a-3p, and miR-656 |
up-regulated |
Activated a wide-ranging of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, leading to vascular remodeling and complications in PAH. |
Lung tissues from IPAH patients. |
Wu et al., 2016 8888. Wu D, Talbot CC Jr, Liu Q, Jing ZC, Damico RL, Tuder R, et al. Identifying microRNAs targeting Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in end-stage idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 94: 875–885, doi: 10.1007/s00109-016-1426-z. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-016-1426-...
|