Ichthyofauna composition across a wave: energy gradient on Southern Brazil beaches

Félix, Fabiana Cézar; Spach, Henry Louis; Moro, Pietro Simon; Hackradt, Carlos Werner; Queiroz, Guilherme Mac Laren Nogueira de; Hostim-Silva, Maurício

Abstracts

Wave action in sandy beach surf zones and its influence on species composition were evaluated at three sites at Pontal do Paraná, Paraná State, between June/2004 and May/2005. At each sampling site, five hauls were performed monthly using a 15 m long, 2.6 m height beach seine with a 5 mm mesh-size. Samplings were carried out at low water spring tides during daylight. A total of 26,866 fishes were collected, amounting to a total weight of 84,838 kg, which were distributed amongst 28 families and 63 taxa. Multi- and univariated methods used indicated that sheltered and moderately exposed beach samples had similar ichthyofaunal composition, being clupeids and engraulids the most abundant at these beaches. Although abiotic factors differed significantly between beaches, depth appears to exert the major influence on ichthyofauna structure by providing less turbulent waters which might have permitted shoals maintenance. Conversely, exposed beach samples differed largely from the other beaches and were influenced primarily by wave height and salinity variables. These were displayed at CCA diagram and through the occurrence of P. virginicus, M. littoralis and T. goodei.

Beach slope; Energy gradient; Depth; Wave height; Shoals; Pontal do Paraná

A ação das ondas em zonas de arrebentação de praias arenosas e sua influência na composição de espécies foram avaliadas em três praias em Pontal do Paraná, Paraná, entre junho/2004 e maio/2005. Cinco arrastos mensais foram realizados em cada local amostral durante maré de sizígia em período diurno, usando uma rede de arrasto de 15 m de comprimento, 2,6 m de altura e malha de 5 mm. Um total de 26.866 peixes foram coletados pesando aproximadamente 84 kg e distribuídos em 28 famílias e 63 taxa. Métodos multi- e univariados utilizados indicaram que as amostras das praias protegidas e moderadas foram semelhantes em composição da ictiofauna, sendo os clupeídeos e engraulídeos os mais abundantes nestas praias. Por mais que os fatores abióticos sejam diferentes entre as praias, a profundidade parece exercer maior influência na estruturação da ictiofauna provendo águas menos turbulentas, o que pode ter permitido a manutenção de cardumes. Em tendência oposta, as amostras da praia exposta diferem em grande parte das outras sendo influenciada principalmente pelas variáveis altura de onda e salinidade mostradas no diagrama CCA e pela ocorrência de P. virginicus, M. littoralis e T. goodei.

Perfil praial; Gradiente energético; Profundidade; Altura de onda; Cardumes; Pontal do Paraná

BARLETTA, M.; CORRÊA, M. F. M. Guia para identificação de peixes da costa do Brasil. Curitiba: Editora da UFPR, 1992. 131 p.
BENNET, B. A. The fish community of a moderately exposed beach on the southern Cape Coast of South Africa and an assessment of this habitat as nursery for juvenile fish. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci., v. 28, p. 293-305, 1989.
BIGARELLA, J. J.; ALESSI, A. H.; BECKER, R. D.; DUARTE, G. M. Textural characteristics of the coastal dune, sand ridge and beach sediments. Bolm. Univ. Paraná, Geologia, v. 27, p. 15 – 80, 1969.
BORZONE, C.A.; MELO, S.G.; REZENDE, K.V.; VALE, R.; KRUL, R. Macrobenthic intertidal communities from wave to tide dominated beach environments. A case study in two Brazilian beaches. J. coast. Res., v. 35, p. 472-480, 2003.
BROWN, A. C.; MCLACHLAN, A. Ecology of Sandy Beaches New York: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1990. 328 p.
CLARK, B. M. Variation in surf-zone fish community structure across a wave exposure gradient. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci, v. 44, p. 659-674, 1997. doi: 10.1006/ecss.1996.0151.
CLARK, B. M.; BENNET, B. A.; LAMBERTH, S. J. A comparison of the ichthyofauna of two estuaries and their adjacent surf zones, with as assessment of the effects of beach-seining on the nursery function on estuaries for fish. S. Afr. J. mar. Sci., v. 14, p. 121-131, 1994.
CLARK, B. M.; BENNET, B. A.; LAMBERTH, S. J. Factors affecting spatial variability in seine net catches of fishes in the surf zone of False Bay, South Africa. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser, v. 131, p. 17-34, 1996.
CLARKE, K. R.; WARWICK, R. M. Change in marine communities: An approach to statistical analysis and interpretation. Plymouth: Plymouth Marine Laboratory, 1994. 144 p.
DEXTER, D. M. Temporal and spatial variability in the community structure of the fauna of four sandy beaches in South-eastern New South Wales. Aust. J.mar. Freshwat. Res., v. 34, p. 663-672, 1984.
DEXTER, D. M. Temporal and spatial variability in the community structure of the fauna of four sandy beaches in South-eastern New South Wales. Aust. J. mar. Freshwat. Res, v. 34, p. 663-672, 1984.
DYE, A H.; MCLACHLAN, A.; WOOLDRIDGE, T. The ecology of sandy beaches in Natal. S. Afr. J. Zool v. 16, n. 4, p. 200-209, 1981.
FIGUEIREDO, J. L.; MENEZES, N. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. II Teleostei (1). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da USP, 1978. 110 p.
FIGUEIREDO, J. L.; MENEZES, N. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. III. Teleostei (2). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da USP, 1980. 90 p.
FIGUEIREDO, J. L.; MENEZES, N. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. VI. Teleostei (5). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da USP, 2000. 116 p.
FISCHER, W. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing area 31). Roma: FAO, 1978. 1-7, p.v.
GAELZER, L. R.; ZALMON, I. R. The influence of wave gradient on the ichthyofauna of southeastern Brazil: focusing the community structure in surf zone. J. coast. Res, v. 35, p. 56–462, 2003.
GIBSON, R. N. The intertidal movements and distribution of young fish on sandy beach with special reference to the plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.). J. expl. mar. Biol. Ecol, v. 12, p. 79-102, 1973.
GODEFROID, R. S. ; HOFSTAETTER, M.; SPACH, H. L. Structure of the fish assemblage in the surf zone of the beach at Pontal do Sul, PR. Neritica, v. 11, p. 77-93, 1997.
HILLMAN, R. E.; DAVIS, N. W.; WENNENER, J. Abundance, diversity, and stability in shore - zone fish communities in an area of Long Island Sound Affected by the thermal discharge of a nuclear power station. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci, v. 5, p. 355 – 381, 1977.
ICZN – International Code of Zoological Nomenclature Artigo 16: Recomendações 16.1. London: International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, 2000.
LASIAK, T. A. Structural aspects of the surf zone fish assemblage at King's Beach, Algoa Bay, South Africa: Short - term fluctuations. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci., v. 18, p. 347-360, 1984a.
LASIAK, T. A. Structural aspects of the surf zone fish assemblage at King's beach, Algoa Bay, South Africa: Long-term fluctuations. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci., v. 18, p. 459-483, 1984b.
LASIAK, T. A. Juveniles, food, and the surf zone habitat: implications for the teleost nursery areas. S. Afr. J. Zool, v. 21, p. 51- 55, 1986.
McFARLAND, W. N. Seasonal change in the number and the biomass of fishes fro the surf at Mustang Island, Texas. Pub. Inst. mar. Sci. Univ. Tex, v. 9, p. 91-105, 1963.
MENEZES, N.; FIGUEIREDO, J. L. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. IV Teleostei (3). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da USP, 1980. 90 p.
MENEZES, N.; FIGUEIREDO, J. L. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. V. Teleostei (4). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da USP, 1985. 90 p.
MODDE, T. Growth and residency of juveniles fishes within a surf zone habitat in the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf Res. Repts, v. 6, n. 4, p. 377-385, 1980.
NAUGHTON, S. P.; SALOMAN, C. H. Fishes of the nearshore zone of St. Andrew Bay, Florida, and adjacent coast. Northeast Gulf Sci, v. 2, n. 1, p. 43–55, 1978.
ROBERTSON, A. I.; LENANTON, R. C. Fish community structure and food chain dynamics in the surf zone of sandy beaches: the role of aquatic macrophyte detritus. J. expl. mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 84, p. 265-283, 1984.
ROMER, G. S. Surf zone fish community and species response to wave energy gradient. J. Fish Biol, v. 36, p. 279-287, 1990.
SANTOS, R. S.; NASH, R. D. M. Seasonal changes in a sandy beach fish assemblage at Porto Pim, Faial, Azores. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci, v. 41, p. 579–591, 1995.
SOKAL, R. R.; ROHLF, H. J. Biometry 3^rd ed. W. H. San Francisco: Freeman and Company, 1995. 859 p.
VAZZOLER, A. E. A. M. Manual de métodos para estudos biológicos de populações de peixes - reprodução e crescimento. Brasília: CNPq, 1981. 108 p.
WATT-PRINGLE, P.; STRYDOM, N. A. Habitat use by larval fishes in a temperate South African surf zone. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci, v. 58, p. 765-774, 2003.
WRIGHT, L. D.; SHORT, A D. Morphodynamic variability of surf zones and beaches: a synthesis. Mar. Geol, v. 56, p. 93–118, 1984.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
15 Jan 2008
Date of issue
Dec 2007

History

Received
08 Aug 2006
Reviewed
26 Feb 2007
Accepted
02 Aug 2007

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] BARLETTA, M.; CORRÊA, M. F. M. Guia para identificação de peixes da costa do Brasil. Curitiba: Editora da UFPR, 1992. 131 p.

[2] BENNET, B. A. The fish community of a moderately exposed beach on the southern Cape Coast of South Africa and an assessment of this habitat as nursery for juvenile fish. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci., v. 28, p. 293-305, 1989.

[3] BIGARELLA, J. J.; ALESSI, A. H.; BECKER, R. D.; DUARTE, G. M. Textural characteristics of the coastal dune, sand ridge and beach sediments. Bolm. Univ. Paraná, Geologia, v. 27, p. 15 – 80, 1969.

[4] BORZONE, C.A.; MELO, S.G.; REZENDE, K.V.; VALE, R.; KRUL, R. Macrobenthic intertidal communities from wave to tide dominated beach environments. A case study in two Brazilian beaches. J. coast. Res., v. 35, p. 472-480, 2003.

[5] BROWN, A. C.; MCLACHLAN, A. Ecology of Sandy Beaches New York: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1990. 328 p.

[6] CLARK, B. M. Variation in surf-zone fish community structure across a wave exposure gradient. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci, v. 44, p. 659-674, 1997. doi: 10.1006/ecss.1996.0151.

[7] CLARK, B. M.; BENNET, B. A.; LAMBERTH, S. J. A comparison of the ichthyofauna of two estuaries and their adjacent surf zones, with as assessment of the effects of beach-seining on the nursery function on estuaries for fish. S. Afr. J. mar. Sci., v. 14, p. 121-131, 1994.

[8] CLARK, B. M.; BENNET, B. A.; LAMBERTH, S. J. Factors affecting spatial variability in seine net catches of fishes in the surf zone of False Bay, South Africa. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser, v. 131, p. 17-34, 1996.

[9] CLARKE, K. R.; WARWICK, R. M. Change in marine communities: An approach to statistical analysis and interpretation. Plymouth: Plymouth Marine Laboratory, 1994. 144 p.

[10] DEXTER, D. M. Temporal and spatial variability in the community structure of the fauna of four sandy beaches in South-eastern New South Wales. Aust. J.mar. Freshwat. Res., v. 34, p. 663-672, 1984.

[11] DEXTER, D. M. Temporal and spatial variability in the community structure of the fauna of four sandy beaches in South-eastern New South Wales. Aust. J. mar. Freshwat. Res, v. 34, p. 663-672, 1984.

[12] DYE, A H.; MCLACHLAN, A.; WOOLDRIDGE, T. The ecology of sandy beaches in Natal. S. Afr. J. Zool v. 16, n. 4, p. 200-209, 1981.

[13] FIGUEIREDO, J. L.; MENEZES, N. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. II Teleostei (1). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da USP, 1978. 110 p.

[14] FIGUEIREDO, J. L.; MENEZES, N. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. III. Teleostei (2). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da USP, 1980. 90 p.

[15] FIGUEIREDO, J. L.; MENEZES, N. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. VI. Teleostei (5). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da USP, 2000. 116 p.

[16] FISCHER, W. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing area 31). Roma: FAO, 1978. 1-7, p.v.

[17] GAELZER, L. R.; ZALMON, I. R. The influence of wave gradient on the ichthyofauna of southeastern Brazil: focusing the community structure in surf zone. J. coast. Res, v. 35, p. 56–462, 2003.

[18] GIBSON, R. N. The intertidal movements and distribution of young fish on sandy beach with special reference to the plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.). J. expl. mar. Biol. Ecol, v. 12, p. 79-102, 1973.

[19] GODEFROID, R. S. ; HOFSTAETTER, M.; SPACH, H. L. Structure of the fish assemblage in the surf zone of the beach at Pontal do Sul, PR. Neritica, v. 11, p. 77-93, 1997.

[20] HILLMAN, R. E.; DAVIS, N. W.; WENNENER, J. Abundance, diversity, and stability in shore - zone fish communities in an area of Long Island Sound Affected by the thermal discharge of a nuclear power station. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci, v. 5, p. 355 – 381, 1977.

[21] ICZN – International Code of Zoological Nomenclature Artigo 16: Recomendações 16.1. London: International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, 2000.

[22] LASIAK, T. A. Structural aspects of the surf zone fish assemblage at King's Beach, Algoa Bay, South Africa: Short - term fluctuations. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci., v. 18, p. 347-360, 1984a.

[23] LASIAK, T. A. Structural aspects of the surf zone fish assemblage at King's beach, Algoa Bay, South Africa: Long-term fluctuations. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci., v. 18, p. 459-483, 1984b.

[24] LASIAK, T. A. Juveniles, food, and the surf zone habitat: implications for the teleost nursery areas. S. Afr. J. Zool, v. 21, p. 51- 55, 1986.

[25] McFARLAND, W. N. Seasonal change in the number and the biomass of fishes fro the surf at Mustang Island, Texas. Pub. Inst. mar. Sci. Univ. Tex, v. 9, p. 91-105, 1963.

[26] MENEZES, N.; FIGUEIREDO, J. L. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. IV Teleostei (3). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da USP, 1980. 90 p.

[27] MENEZES, N.; FIGUEIREDO, J. L. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. V. Teleostei (4). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da USP, 1985. 90 p.

[28] MODDE, T. Growth and residency of juveniles fishes within a surf zone habitat in the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf Res. Repts, v. 6, n. 4, p. 377-385, 1980.

[29] NAUGHTON, S. P.; SALOMAN, C. H. Fishes of the nearshore zone of St. Andrew Bay, Florida, and adjacent coast. Northeast Gulf Sci, v. 2, n. 1, p. 43–55, 1978.

[30] ROBERTSON, A. I.; LENANTON, R. C. Fish community structure and food chain dynamics in the surf zone of sandy beaches: the role of aquatic macrophyte detritus. J. expl. mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 84, p. 265-283, 1984.

[31] ROMER, G. S. Surf zone fish community and species response to wave energy gradient. J. Fish Biol, v. 36, p. 279-287, 1990.

[32] SANTOS, R. S.; NASH, R. D. M. Seasonal changes in a sandy beach fish assemblage at Porto Pim, Faial, Azores. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci, v. 41, p. 579–591, 1995.

[33] SOKAL, R. R.; ROHLF, H. J. Biometry 3^rd ed. W. H. San Francisco: Freeman and Company, 1995. 859 p.

[34] VAZZOLER, A. E. A. M. Manual de métodos para estudos biológicos de populações de peixes - reprodução e crescimento. Brasília: CNPq, 1981. 108 p.

[35] WATT-PRINGLE, P.; STRYDOM, N. A. Habitat use by larval fishes in a temperate South African surf zone. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci, v. 58, p. 765-774, 2003.

[36] WRIGHT, L. D.; SHORT, A D. Morphodynamic variability of surf zones and beaches: a synthesis. Mar. Geol, v. 56, p. 93–118, 1984.

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Ichthyofauna composition across a wave: energy gradient on Southern Brazil beaches

Abstracts

Publication Dates

History