Paek et al., 20051111 Paek SH, Chung H-T, Jeong SS, Park C-K, Kim C-Y, Kim JE, et al. Hearing preservation after gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery of vestibular schwannoma. Cancer. 2005;104: 580-90. (Korea) |
Retrospective cohort |
Sample: 25
7 women and 18 men.
Age: median 47 (22-65) years.
Tumor size: 3.62 (0.16-9.1)cm3.
Median follow-up: 49 (26-77) months.
Previous microsurgery: 1 patient.
GR classification at cohort start: 13 class I and 12 class II patients.
PTA at cohort start: 28.64 (8-48) dB.
GR classification at cohort end: 13 preserved GR I or II
PTA at cohort end: mean 47.12 (20-80) dB.
Maximum cochlear dose: mean 8.1 ±3.1 Gy.
Radiation therapy dose: mean 12 (11-14) Gy.
|
Maximum cochlear dose |
Hearing preservation (pre- and post-radiosurgery PTA difference <20dB).
No hearing preservation (preand post-radiosurgery PTA difference ≥20dB).
Sample dichotomization: with or without hearing preservation
|
|
Brown et al., 20111616 Brown M, Ruckenstein M, Bigelow D, Judy K, Wilson V, Alonso-Basanta M, et al. Predictors of hearing loss after gamma knife radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas: age, cochlear dose, and tumor coverage. Neurosurgery. 2011;69: 605-13. (United States) |
Retrospective cohort |
Sample: 53.
31 women and 22 men.
Age: mean 56 (36-87) years.
Tumor size: 1.11 (0.043-4) cm3.
Left side: 28.
Right side: 25.
Follow-up: mean 15.43 (0.77-36.2) months.
Previous microsurgery: 1 patient.
GR classification at cohort start: 31 class I and II patients.
PTA at cohort start: mean 42.9 (15-88.3)dB.
GR classification at cohort end: 19 preserved GR I or II
PTA at cohort end: mean 54.3 (13.3-121.6)dB.
Mean cochlear dose: mean 5.3 (2.5-10.5)Gy.
Radiation therapy dose: median 12.5 (12-13) Gy.
|
Mean and maximum cochlear dose |
Hearing preservation (pre- and post-radiosurgery PTA difference <20dB). No hearing preservation (pre-and post-radiosurgery PTA difference ≥20dB).
Sample dichotomization: with or without hearing preservation
|
|
Yomo et al., 20122525 Yomo S, Carron R, Thomassin JM, Roche PEH, Régis J. Longitudinal analysis of hearing before and after radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma. J Neurosurg. 2012; 117:877-85. (France) |
Retrospective cohort |
Sample: 154
77 women and 77 men.
Age: mean 54.1 (24-76) years.
Tumor size: 0,73 (0.03-5.37) cm3.
Follow-up: mean 52 (7-123) months.
Previous microsurgery: 0.
GR classification at cohort start: 50 class I, 55 class II, 47 class III and 2 class IV patients.
PTA at cohort start: mean 40.4± 18.2 dB.
GR classification at cohort end: 64 preserved GR I or II.
PTA at cohort end: mean 55.4±22.8dB.
Radiation therapy dose: mean 12.1 (9-14) Gy.
|
Maximum cochlear dose
Sample dichotomization: ≤4 Gy vs. >4 Gy
|
AHDR: PTA change in dB divided by the number of years |
|
Page et al., 20132727 PageMJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, BoutronI, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, etal. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021; 372:n71. (United States) |
Prospective cohort |
Sample: 40.
Age: median 49 (26-80) years.
Tumor size: 0.23 (0.05-4.3) cm3.
Follow-up: mean 34.5 (6.1-57.8) months.
Previous microsurgery: 1 patient.
GR classification at cohort start: 28 class I and 12 class II patients.
PTA at cohort start: (3-48) dB.
GR classification at cohort end: 30 preserved GR I or II.
Maximum cochlear dose: median 6.9 (1.6-16) Gy.
Mean cochlear dose: median 2.7 (0.7-5) Gy.
Radiation therapy dose: 12.5 Gy on 38 patients and 13Gy on 2.
|
Mean cochlear dose
Sample dichotomization: ≥3 Gy vs. <3 Gy
|
Usable hearing preservation (GR I or II class maintenance).
Usable hearing loss (change to GR class III, IV or V).
|
Usable hearing loss in the mean cochlear dose group: ≥3Gy = 41% <3Gy = 9% |
Kim et al., 20131414 Kim Y-H, Kim DG, Han JH, Chung H-T, Kim IK, Song SW, et al. Hearing outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery for unilateral intracanalicular vestibular schwannomas: implication of transient volume expansion. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2013;85:61-7. (Korea) |
Retrospective cohort |
Sample: 60
37 women and 23 men.
Age: mean 49.6 (21-69) years.
Tumor size: 0.34 (0.03-1)cm3.
Follow-up: mean 61.5 (36-141) months.
Previous microsurgery: 1 patient.
GR classification at cohort start: 35 class I and 25 class II patients.
PTA at cohort start: mean 28.4 (6-50) dB.
GR classification at cohort end: 34 preserved GR I or II
PTA at cohort end: mean 42.1 (8-80) dB.
Maximum cochlear dose: mean 8.2 (2.7-16.6)Gy.
Mean cochlear dose: mean 4.2 (1.6-8.9)Gy.
Radiation therapy dose: mean 12.2 (11,5-13) Gy.
|
Mean and maximum cochlear dose |
Usable hearing preservation (GR I or II class maintenance). Usable hearing loss (change to GR class III, IV or V).
Sample dichotomization: loss or preservation of usable hearing
|
Mean maximum cochlear dose in the usable hearing preservation group (n = 34): 7.7Gy vs. mean maximum cochlear dose in the usable hearing loss group (n = 26): 8.8Gy. Average mean cochlear dose in the usable hearing preservation group: 3.9 Gy vs. average mean cochlear dose in the usable hearing loss group: 4.7 Gy. |
Jacob et al., 20141313 Jacob JT, Carlson ML, Schiefer TK, Pollock BE, Driscoll CL, Link MJ. Significance of cochlear dose in the radiosurgical treatment of vestibular schwannoma: controversies and unanswered questions. Neurosurgery. 2014;74: 466-74, discussion 474. (United States) |
Retrospective cohort |
Sample: 59
32 women and 27 homens.
Age: mean 58.9 (33-79) years.
Left side: 27.
Right side: 32.
Follow-up: mean 25.2 (6-46) months.
Previous microsurgery: 1 patient.
GR classification at cohort start: 59 class I and II patients.
PTA at cohort start: mean 32.3 (8-50) dB.
GR classification at cohort end: 38 preserved GR I or II
Maximum cochlear dose: mean 11.8 (3.7-19.2) Gy.
Mean cochlear dose: mean 4.9 (1.9-8.3) Gy.
Radiation therapy dose: 12Gy on 38 patients and 13 Gy on 21.
|
Mean cochlear dose
Sample dichotomization: >5 Gy vs. <5 Gy
|
Usable hearing preservation (GR I or II class maintenance). Usable hearing loss (change to GR class III, IV or V). |
Usable hearing loss at 1-3 years, respectively, in the mean cochlear dose group: >5Gy = 7%, 29% and 63% <5Gy = 0%, 4% and 24% |
Prabhuraj et al., 20191515 Prabhuraj AR, Yeole U, Arimappamagan A, Narasinga Rao KVL, Bhat DI, Dwarakanath S, et al. Effect of gamma knife radiosurgery on vestibular schwannoma with serviceable hearing: a single-center Indian study. World Neurosurg. 2019;127: e114-23. (India) |
Retrospective cohort |
Sample: 77
39 women and 38 men.
Age: mean 39.46 (22-67) years.
Tumor size: 4.28 (0.4-10.5)cm3.
Follow-up: mean 30 (24-80) months.
Previous microsurgery: 1 patient.
GR classification at cohort start: 42 class I and 35 class II patients.
PTA at cohort start: mean 28.71 (8.3-50) dB.
GR classification at cohort end: 61 preserved GR I or II
PTA at cohort end: mean 39.76 (5-71.6) dB.
Maximum cochlear dose: mean 5.9 (3.8-10) Gy.
Mean cochlear dose: mean 3.74 (2.3-6.5) Gy.
Radiation therapy dose: mean 12 (11.5-14) Gy.
|
Mean cochlear dose
Sample dichotomization: >4 Gy vs. <4 Gy
|
Usable hearing preservation (GR I or II class maintenance). Usable hearing loss (change to GR class III, IV or V). |
Usable hearing loss in the mean cochlear dose group: >4Gy = 7/27 <4Gy = 9/50 |