Xylitol |
Rabago et al., 2020 |
SNOT-20, SF-36, Mutidimension fatigue index (MFI), 8- and 26-weeks following treatment. |
Xylitol improved SNOT-20 from baseline at 8 and 26 weeks, but only at 26 weeks it was better than control (standard care). 2% saline improved SNOT-20 from baseline only at 26 weeks, with no differences from control at 8 and 26 weeks. |
Silva et al., 2022 |
NOSE, SNOT-22, VAS for pain |
The Xylitol group showed an average reduction of 32.9 points in SNOT-22, greater than the reduction of the “Saline solution” group (average of 21.3 points). |
Weissman et al., 2011 |
SNOT-20, VAS for general symptoms |
Saline increased SNOT-20 by 3.93 points; xylitol decreased by 2.43 points (significant difference). Saline decreased VAS general symptoms by 0.07; xylitol increased by 0.56 (no significant difference). |
Lin et al., 2017 |
SNOT-22, VAS for general symptoms iNOS mRNA, nasal NO right max sinus |
Xylitol Improved VAS, reduced SNOT-22, increased nasal NO concentration and right maxillary sinus iNOS expression, all statistically significant compared to control. Magnitude of the improvement is not described in the article, only in figures. |
Kim et al., 2019 |
NOSE, SNOT-22, VAS for nasal obstruction, sneezing, rhinorrhea, snoring, headache, facial pain, and olfactory changes |
In ESS group (n = 34), xylitol outperformed saline in SNOT-20 improvement (p = 0.022). VAS for sneezing, headache, and facial pain favored xylitol (p < 0.05). Modified Lund-Kennedy showed no group difference (p = 0.466). In CRSsPN, SNOT-20 and VAS scores improved with xylitol (p < 0.05). CRSwNP showed no significant difference. Patient preference: More than half preferred xylitol irrigation in both surgical groups. |
Manuka Honey |
Thamboo et al., 2011 |
Philpott-Javer Endoscopic Scoring System, SNOT-22, and bacterial culture |
Manuka promoted a significant improvement in SNOT-22 scores. No statistically significant change in mucosal edema (PJESS). There was no change in the flora pattern with manuka honey. |
Ooi et al., 2019 |
LKS, EVA for symptoms, SNOT-22, bacterial culture UPSIT for security |
Manuka improved LKS but not SNOT-22 scores. Antibiotic/nasal saline reduced the positivity of the culture compared with manuka/placebo. Manuka/placebo was not superior to the appropriate antibiotic/nasal saline wash. |
Lee et al., 2017 |
SNOT22, LKS, bacterial culture |
There was no difference between Manuka and Saline in terms of: a) Improvement of symptoms, b) Post-treatment culture negativity, and c) Change in the endoscopic Lund-Kennedy score. |
Chang et al., 2011 |
LKS, EVA merocel discomfort, Histology 7 days after |
In the manuka honey group, mixed results on inflammation, no significant difference in mucosal healing. In the gentamicin group, mixed results on inflammation, no significant difference in mucosal healing. Overall, no significant difference in postoperative discomfort and inflammation for manuka honey soaked Merocel compared to Merocel alone. |
Wong et al., 2011 |
LKS, SNOT-22 |
In Case 1, SNOT-22 improved significantly with resolved complaints, but some symptoms like nasal irritation emerged. In Case 2, some symptoms improved, but facial pain and nasal obstruction persisted, sinusitis did not improve, and asthma worsened, requiring oral prednisone courses. |
Baby Shampoo |
Tulaci et al., 2021 |
LKS, SNOT-22 |
Baby shampoo promoted better Lund-Kennedy and SNOT-22 scores compared to nasal wash with saline in the 1stPO month, but not in subsequent months (3, 6, 12mo). At endoscopy, it promoted improvement in secretion and crusts, but without additional effect on edema and polyp items. |
Chiu et al., 2008 |
SNOT-22, UPSIT |
Baby shampoo improved SNOT-22 scores from 31.6–11.1, especially on the subitems related to posterior rhinorrhea and thick mucus. 63.6 patients showed improvement in UPSIT scores |
Farag et al., 2013 |
SNOT-22, RSOM-31, PEA test (smell) |
Baby shampoo and hypertonic saline improved quality of life (SNOT-22 and RSOM31), with no difference between groups at different endpoints (1–3 weeks, 4–7 weeks, 8–16 weeks). |
Colloidal Silver |
Scott et al., 2017 |
SNOT-22, LKS, VAS, microbiology Safety – serum silver dosage, UPSIT, +L10 and VAS |
Microbiology result: 18.18% in control group with negative swab and 9.09% in patients with colloidal silver. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) equal in both groups, without statistical significance. Sino-nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22): Control without SNOT-22 change, SNOT-22 improvement without colloidal silver, but without statistical significance Lund Kennedy Score (LKS). Improvement in the control and colloidal silver group, but without statistical significance difference. |
Povidone-Iodine (PI) |
Panchmatia et al., 2019 |
Modified LKS, culture, SNOT-22 |
Washing with PVPI promoted after 7 weeks: a) improvement of modified LMS, especially secretion; b) revealing an overall shift from moderate-heavy growth to lighter pathogen growth post PVP-I rinsing. Four of 13 patients depicted no bacterial growth post-PI rinsing; c) Reduction of SNOT22 (33 to 20) |
Wu et al., 2022 |
SNOT-22, baseline, 1 e 3 meses PO |
Both groups showed improvement post-op, however without differences between them (both in terms of endoscopic findings and SNOT-22 scores). |
Lee et al., 2020 |
Primary- Negative culture Secondary- Tolerability (VAS), SNOT-20, LKS |
There were no differences in culture negativity between the 3 groups PI, MUP and saline were well tolerated There was no difference between groups in SNOT-20 and Lund-Kennedy scores |
Bacteriophages |
Dobretsov et al., 2021 |
Culture, IL-1b, I-L8, TNF alpha in nasal wash and blood, collected 10 and 30 days after |
Otophag reduced Streptococci and Enterobacteriaceae at 10 and 30 days compared to placebo, with no impact on Staphylococci. Otophag reduced CFU numbers. TNF alpha had no reduction. IL-8 reduced in both groups at day 30, with no difference between phage and placebo. IL-1b reduced in phage group at 10 days, while placebo group reduced only on day 30. On day 30, IL-1b was lower in the placebo group than the phage group. |
|
Rodrigues et al., 2022 |
Culture, non-standardized endoscopy |
After 2 weeks, the patient had significant improvement clinically and at endoscopy. Cultures, for the first time in years, were negative. His right ear also stopped draining. She had a dramatic response, with negative cultures 1 week after starting treatment and a mucosa that looked almost normal. Only subjective parameters analyzed, without quantitative parameters |