Brook et al. (1981)1919 Brook I. Aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of peritonsillar abscess in children. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1981;70:831-5.
|
U.S. |
- |
16 |
Gamma-hemolytic streptococci
|
Bacteroides sp. |
|
|
|
Alpha-hemolytic streptococci
|
Anaerobic GPC |
Jokipii et al. (1988)88 Jokipii AM, Jokipii L, Sipila P, Jokinen K. Semiquantitative culture results and pathogenic significance of obligate anaerobes in peritonsillar abscesses. J Clin Microbiol. 1988;26:957-61.
|
Finland |
- |
42 |
Group A streptococcus
|
Peptostreptococcus sp. |
|
|
|
Streptococcus viridans group |
Bacteroides sp. |
Brook et al. (1991)3737 Brook I, Frazier EH, Thompson DH. Aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of peritonsillar abscess. Laryngoscope. 1991;101:289-92.
|
U.S. |
1978-1985 |
34 |
Staphylococcus aureus
|
Bacteroides sp. |
|
|
|
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
Peptostreptococcus sp. |
Snow et al. (1991)3838 Snow DG, Campbell JB, Morgan DW. The microbiology of peritonsillar sepsis. J Laryngol Otol. 1991;105:553-5.
|
UK |
- |
55 |
Beta hemolytic streptococci
|
- |
|
|
|
Staphylococcus aureus
|
|
Jousimies-Somer et al. (1993)2020 Jousimies-Somer H, Savolainen S, Makitie A, Ylikoski J. Bacteriologic findings in peritonsillar abscesses in young adults. Clin Infect Dis. 1993;16(Suppl. 4):S292-8.
|
Finland |
- |
122 |
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
Fusobacterium necrophorum
|
|
|
|
Streptococcus milleri group |
Prevotella melaninogenica
|
Mitchelmore et al. (1995)99 Mitchelmore IJ, Prior AJ, Montgomery PQ, Tabaqchali S. Microbiological features and pathogenesis of peritonsillar abscesses. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1995;14:870-7.
|
UK |
1982-1992 |
45 |
Group A streptococcus
|
Peptostreptococcus sp. |
|
|
|
|
Prevotella
|
Muir et al. (1995)3939 Muir DC, Papesch ME, Allison RS. Peritonsillar infection in Christchurch 1990-2: microbiology and management. N Z Med J. 1995;108:53-4.
|
New Zealand |
1990-1992 |
39 |
Group A streptococcus
|
- |
Prior et al. (1995)4040 Prior A, Montgomery P, Mitchelmore I, Tabaqchali S. The microbiology and antibiotic treatment of peritonsillar abscesses. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1995;20:219-23.
Cherukuri (2002) |
UK |
- |
45 |
- |
- |
USA |
1990-1999 |
82 |
Streptococcus sp. |
- |
|
|
|
Haemophilus sp. |
|
Matsuda et al. (2002)1010 Matsuda A, Tanaka H, Kanaya T, Kamata K, Hasegawa M. Peritonsillar abscess: a study of 724 cases in Japan. Ear Nose Throat J. 2002;81:384-9.
|
Japan |
1988-1999 |
386 |
Alpha-hemolytic streptococci
|
Anaerobic gram-negative rods |
|
|
|
Neisseria sp. |
Porphyromnas sp. |
Hanna et al. (2006)4141 Hanna BC, McMullan R, Gallagher G, Hedderwick S. The epidemiology of peritonsillar abscess disease in Northern Ireland. J Infect. 2006;52:247-53.
|
Northern Ireland |
2001-2002 |
37 |
Group A streptococci
|
Bacteroides sp. |
Sakae et al. (2006)4242 Sakae FA, Imamura R, Sennes LU, Araujo Filho BC, Tsuji DH. Microbiology of peritonsillar abscesses. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2006;72:247-51.
|
Brazil |
2001 |
26 |
Streptococcus viridans
|
Peptostreptococcus sp. |
|
|
|
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
Prevotella sp. |
Zagolski et al. (2007) |
Poland |
- |
12 |
Streptococcus sp. |
Bacteroides sp. |
Megalamani et al. (2008) |
India |
2003-2006 |
39 |
Beta hemolytic streptococcus
|
- |
|
|
|
Pseudomonas |
|
Sunnergren et al. (2008)77 Sunnergren O, Swanberg J, Molstad S. Incidence, microbiology and clinical history of peritonsillar abscesses. Scand J Infect Dis. 2008;40:752-5.
|
Sweden |
2000-2006 |
67 |
Group A streptococcus
|
Bacteroides sp. |
Klug et al. (2009)1111 Ehlers Klug T, Rusan M, Fuursted K, Ovesen T. Fusobacterium necrophorum: most prevalent pathogen in peritonsillar abscess in Denmark. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49:1467-72.
|
Denmark |
2001-2006 |
405 |
Group A streptococcus
|
Fusobacterium sp. |
|
|
|
Groups C or G streptococci
|
|
Gavriel et al. (2009)66 Gavriel H, Lazarovitch T, Pomortsev A, Eviatar E. Variations in the microbiology of peritonsillar abscess. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2009;28:27-31.
|
Israel |
1996-2002 |
137 |
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
Prevotella sp. |
|
|
|
Streptococcus intermedius
|
Peptostreptococcus sp. |
Segal et al. (2009)44 Segal N, El-Saied S, Puterman M. Peritonsillar abscess in children in the southern district of Israel. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009;73:1148-50.
|
Israel |
2004-2007 |
64 |
Group A streptococcus
|
- |
|
|
|
Group C streptococcus
|
|
Repanos et al. (2009)3232 Repanos C, Mukherjee P, Alwahab Y. Role of microbiological studies in management of peritonsillar abscess. J Laryngol Otol. 2009;123:877-9.
|
UK |
1998-2005 |
107 |
Streptococcal sp. |
- |
Rusan et al. (2009) |
Denmark |
2001-2006 |
623 |
Group A streptococcus
|
Fusobacterium sp. |
Acharya et al. (2010)55 Acharya A, Gurung R, Khanal B, Ghimire A. Bacteriology and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of peritonsillar abscess. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2010;49:139-42.
|
Nepal |
2007-2008 |
18 |
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
- |
|
|
|
Staphylococcus aureus
|
|
Marom et al. (2010)1717 Marom T, Cinamon U, Itskoviz D, Roth Y. Changing trends of peritonsillar abscess. Am J Otolaryngol. 2010;31:162-7.
|
Canada |
1998-2007 |
180 |
Streptococcus viridans
|
- |
|
|
|
Group A streptococcus
|
|
Hidaka et al. (2011)4343 Hidaka H, Kuriyama S, Yano H, Tsuji I, Kobayashi T. Precipitating factors in the pathogenesis of peritonsillar abscess and bacteriological significance of the Streptococcus milleri group. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011;30:527-32.
|
Japan |
2002-2007 |
65 |
Streptococcus milleri group |
Prevotella sp. |
|
|
|
Other Streptococcus sp. |
Peptostreptococcus sp. |
Klug et al. (2011)1212 Klug TE, Henriksen JJ, Fuursted K, Ovesen T. Significant pathogens in peritonsillar abscesses. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011;30:619-27.
|
Denmark |
2005-2009 |
36 |
Streptococcus viridans
|
Prevotella sp. |
|
|
|
Neisseria sp. |
Fusobacterium sp. |
Love et al. (2011)1313 Love RL, Allison R, Chambers ST. Peritonsillar infection in Christchurch 2006-2008: epidemiology and microbiology. N Z Med J. 2011;124:16-23.
|
New Zealand |
2006-2008 |
147 |
Group A streptococcus Other beta-hemolytic streptococci
|
Fusobacterium sp. |
Albertz et al. (2012)1616 Albertz N, Nazar G. Peritonsillar abscess: treatment with immediate tonsillectomy - 10 years of experience. Acta Otolaryngol. 2012;132:1102-7.
|
Chile |
2000-2012 |
112 |
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
Bacteroides sp. |
|
|
|
Other streptococci
|
Peptostreptococcus sp. |
|
|
|
|
Fusobacterium sp. |
Takenaka et al. (2012)33 Takenaka Y, Takeda K, Yoshii T, Hashimoto M, Inohara H. Gram staining for the treatment of peritonsillar abscess. Int J Otolaryngol. 2012;2012:1-5.
|
Japan |
2005-2009 |
50 |
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
Anaerobic |
|
|
|
|
Streptococcus
|
|
|
|
|
Fusobacterium sp. |
Sowerby et al. (2013)1414 Sowerby LJ, Hussain Z, Husein M. The epidemiology, antibiotic resistance and post-discharge course of peritonsillar abscesses in London, Ontario. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013;42:1-7.
|
Canada |
2009-2010 |
42 |
Group A streptococcus
|
- |
|
|
|
Streptococcus anginosus
|
|
Gavriel et al. (2015) |
Israel |
1996-2003 |
132 |
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
Prevotella sp. |
|
|
|
|
Peptostreptococcus sp. |
Mazur et al. (2015)1818 Mazur E, Czerwinska E, Korona-Glowniak I, Grochowalska A, Koziol-Montewka M. Epidemiology, clinical history and microbiology of peritonsillar abscess. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015;34:549-54.
|
Poland |
2003-2013 |
45 |
Streptococcus viridans group |
Fusobacterium sp. |
|
|
|
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
Prevotella sp. |
Plum et al. (2015)4444 Plum AW, Mortelliti AJ, Walsh RE. Microbial flora and antibiotic resistance in peritonsillar abscesses in Upstate New York. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2015;124:875-80.
|
USA |
2002-2012 |
69 |
Streptococcus milleri in adults |
- |
|
|
|
β-hemolytic streptococcus in children |
|
Lepelletier et al. (2016)3636 Lepelletier D, Pinaud V, Le Conte P, Bourigault C, Asseray N, Ballereau F, et al. Peritonsillar abscess (PTA): clinical characteristics, microbiology, drug exposures and outcomes of a large multicenter cohort survey of 412 patients hospitalized in 13 French university hospitals. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2016;35:867-73.
|
French |
2009-2012 |
412 |
Group A streptococci
|
Fusobacterium spp. |
Tachibana et al. (2016)4545 Tachibana T, Orita Y, Takao S, Ogawara Y, Matsuyama Y, Shimizu A, et al. The role of bacteriological studies in the management of peritonsillar abscess. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2016;43:648-53.
|
Japan |
2008-213 |
100 |
Streptococcus viridans
|
Fusobacterium sp. |
Vaikjarv et al. (2016)4646 Vaikjarv R, Kasenomm P, Jaanimae L, Kivisild A, Roop T, Sepp E, et al. Microbiology of peritonsillar abscess in the South Estonian population. Microb Ecol Health Dis. 2016;27:27787.
|
Estonia |
2011-2012 |
22 |
Streptococcus sp. |
Streptococcus spp. |
Present study (2017) |
Taiwan |
1990-2013 |
168 |
Streptococcus Viridans
|
Prevotella sp. |
|
|
|
Klebsiella Pneumoniae
|
Fusobacterium sp. |