Fernandes et al. (2020)/Brazil44 Fernandes NF, de Queiroz Teles Gomes M, Tsuji RK, Bento RF, Goffi-Gomez MVS. Auditory and language skills in children with auditory brainstem implants. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020;132:110010.
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To characterize the development of hearing and language skills in children during the first 3 years of ABI use. |
12 (2 yrs. to 11 yrs.) |
Patients with ABI show slow and progressive development of hearing and language skills after activation. |
Van der Straaten et al. (2019)/The Netherlands1515 Van der Straaten TFK, Netten AP, Boermans PPBM, Briaire JJ, Scholing E, Koot RW, et al. Pediatric auditory brainstem implant users compared with cochlear implant users with additional disabilities. Otol Neurotol. 2019;40:936-45.
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To assess long-term language development in children with prelingual deafness who received brainstem implants when compared to children who received cochlear implants (CIs) at the same hospital. Additional non-hearing impairments were taken into account. |
10 (1.3 to 6.2 years) |
For deaf children with bilateral inner ear malformations, the ABI provides satisfactory auditory input. Children with ABI are able to develop receptive and expressive language skills comparable to children with CIs with disabilities. Using this knowledge, preoperative counseling for parents can be refined. |
Faes e Gillis (2019)/Belgium33 Faes J, Gillis S. Expressive Vocabulary growth after pediatric auditory brainstem implantation in two cases’ spontaneous productions: a comparison with children with cochlear implants and typical hearing. Front Pediatr. 2019;7:191.
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To investigate the development of spoken language after implantation. The lexical development of children with ABI is assessed longitudinally in comparison to children with typical hearing and children with CI. |
12 |
Children with ABI develop spoken language skills. Their word usage steadily increases with longer ABI experience. Although there is still a difference in relation to children with CI and children of matched typical hearing age, the results are promising for the development of the spoken language of children with ABI. |
Bayazit et al. (2014)/Turkey77 BayazitYA, Kosaner J, Cinar BC, AtacA, Tutar H, Gunduz B, et al. Methods and preliminary outcomes of pediatric auditory brainstem implantation. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2014;123:529–36.
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To provide information on the used methods and preliminary results for pediatric ABI (Auditory Brainstem Implant). |
12 children |
Auditory brainstem implants seem to be beneficial for some pediatric patients who cannot benefit from traditional cochlear implant surgery. The short-term benefits can be the recognition of ambient sounds, recognition of some commonly used words and phrases, and the start of word usage. |
Eisenberg et al. (2018)/USA99 Eisenberg LS, Hammes Ganguly D, Martinez AS, Fisher LM, Winter ME, Glater JL, et al. Los Angeles pediatric ABI team. Early communication development of children with auditory brainstem implants. J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ. 2018;23:249–60.
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In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration authorized a Phase I clinical trial to determine the safety and feasibility of ABI. |
10 children (2 to 5 years) |
The ABI may be a viable option for children born with cochlear malformation and/or impaired auditory nerves, who do not show any apparent benefit from a CI. A multidisciplinary team is essential for performing the multiple assessments necessary to determine application and post-ABI follow-up. The ultimate benefits of this technology for most eligible pediatric candidates are not fully known at this stage. Still, the results of spoken communication cannot be predicted or normally expected, so the importance of maintaining continuous communication is a priority for these children, both pre- and post-ABI intervention. |
Aslan et al. (2020)/Turkey1616 Aslan F, Ozkan HB, Yücel E, Sennaroğlu G, Bilginer B, Sennaroğlu L. Effects of age at auditory brainstem implantation: impact on auditory perception, language development, speech intelligibility. Otol Neurotol. 2020;41:11–20.
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To study the effect of age on the auditory brainstem implant (ABI) surgery on hearing perception, language and speech intelligibility. |
30 children |
ABI is a viable option to provide auditory sensations for children with cochlear abnormalities. ABI surgery under 3 years of age is associated with better hearing perception and language development when compared to older users. |
Rajeswaran, Kameswaran (2020)/India1010 Rajeswaran R, Kameswaran M. Auditory brainstem implantation (ABI) in children without neurofibromatosis type II (NF2): communication performance and safety after 24 months of use. Cochlear Implants Int. 2020;21:127–35.
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To evaluate the safety and performance of auditory brainstem implant (ABI) communication in children with cochlear implant contraindications and without neurofibromatosis type II (NF2). |
10 children (18 months to 18 years) |
ABI provision and use are safe and allows a significant auditory development in children without NF2 who have contraindications for cochlear implants. |
Bas, Yücel (2021)/Turkey1111 Bas B, Yücel E. Evaluation of phoneme recognition skills in pediatric auditory brainstem implant users. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022;279:1741–9.
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To evaluate the relationship between phoneme recognition skills and language development skills in pediatric auditory brainstem implant (ABI) users. It also intends to identify delays and problems that may occur in the phoneme recognition skills of children with ABI and to shed light on rehabilitation programs. |
20 children with ABI and 20 children with CI |
Although children with ABI were not able to match the skills of their peers with CI, their language development and communication skills improved. It is believed that this study will contribute to the literature by demonstrating that the ABI use improves phoneme recognition skills in children who are not eligible for the CI or who do not adequately benefit from the CI. |
Polak, Colletti and Colletti (2018)/Italy1717 PolakM, Colletti L, Colletti V. Novel method of fitting of children with auditory brainstem implants. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2018;135:403–9.
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To develop a reliable and objective methodology for use with young children with auditory brainstem implants (ABI), through the ABR test. Moreover, to evaluate the intraoperative method using ABR to place the electrode in the brainstem, comparing the elicitability of the eABR test during ABI surgery and ABI processor activation. |
17 young children implanted with ABI, with a mean age of 2 years and 4 months (8-64 months). |
The eABR test seems to be a reliable tool for assessing the ABI electrode placement and a reliable method for fitting children with an ABI. The data suggest that eABR-based fitting helps children to achieve hearing perception and development faster. |
Sung et al. (2018)/China1212 Sung JKK, Luk BPK, Wong TKC, Thong JF, Wong HT, Tong MCF. Pediatric auditory brainstem implantation: impact on audio-logical rehabilitation and tonal language development. Audiol Neurootol. 2018;23:126–34.
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Retrospective review of the impact of ABI on audiological rehabilitation and language development of pediatric patients with profound prelingual deafness. |
11 children with ABI (age group 1.67-3.75 years) |
Encouraging results in speech development were found, especially with the continuous use of the ABI. There was considerable variation in the results.
Children with co-existing developmental cognitive and non-auditory disabilities did not perform as well. The Auditory Brainstem Implant is a safe and beneficial treatment for profound prelingual deafness in Cantonese-speaking pediatric patients.
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Asfour et al. (2018)/USA88 Asfour L, Friedmann DR, Shapiro WH, Roland JT Jr, Waltzman SB. Early experience and health related quality of life outcomes following auditory brainstem implantation in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2018;113:140–9.
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To evaluate the results of auditory brainstem implant (ABI) in children in a prospective study. |
12 children with ABI |
The ABI is a good option for patients who are ineligible or fail the CI. Our results show that despite variable degrees of postoperative performance, the HRQoL ratings were positive. |
Wilkinson et al. (2017)/USA1414 Wilkinson EP, Eisenberg LS, Krieger MD, Schwartz MS, Winter M, Glater JL, et al. Los Angeles pediatric ABI team. Initial results of a safety and feasibility study of auditory brainstem implantation in congenitally deaf children. Otol Neurotol. 2017;38:212–20.
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To determine the safety and feasibility of the Auditory Brainstem Implant (ABI) in children with congenital deafness with cochlear aplasia and/or cochlear nerve deficiency. |
10 children, aged between 2 and 5 years |
The presence of additional disabilities and health problems resulted in less positive HRQoL results. Our results emphasize the need to assess outcomes in these patients beyond speech perception and communication. ABI surgery and device activation seem to be safe and feasible in this preliminary cohort. |
Yücel, Aslan, Özkan, Levent Sennaroğlu (2015)/Turkey1313 Yücel E, Aslan F, Özkan HB, Sennaroğlu L. Recent rehabilitation experience with pediatric ABI users. J Int Adv Otol. 2015;11:110–3.
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To describe the rehabilitation results in ABI users. |
41 children with ABI |
The subjects acquired basic audiological functions and were able to recognize and discriminate sounds in the third month of the ABI surgery.
According to the time of ABI use and learning skills, the patients showed evolution from the identification of words to the level of sentence recognition within a wide spectrum.
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