PD |
Ferreira, L. et. al., 2019 |
Brazil |
60 |
5 - 8,11 years |
Syllable / of /, 40 ms, right ear (RE), intensity of 80 dB nHL, impedance up to 3kΩ, presentation rate of 10.9 s, window of 80 - 100 ms, bandpass filter 100 - 2000 Hz, two scans of 3000 stimuli. |
Group I: 0.55 |
x |
Group 1: |
Grupo I: 0,56 Grupo II: 0,77 |
Children with PD show disorganization in the neural coding of complex sounds, due to changes in the BAEP-speech responses. This could compromise the development of language skills, which can reflect on communication. |
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Group II: 0.38 |
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V: 6.79 |
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A: 7.84 |
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C: 17.43 |
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D: 23.07 |
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E: 32.07 |
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F: 39.96 O: 47.97 |
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Group 2: |
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V: 7.18 |
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A: 8.66 C: 18.32 |
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D: 23.23 |
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E: 32.47 |
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F: 41.73 |
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O: 49.06 |
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Gonçalves, I. C., et. al., 2011 |
Brazil |
36 |
7 - 11 years |
Syllable [da], 40 ms, RE, intensity of 80 dBA, impedance of up to 5kΩ, presentation rate of 11.1 stimuli / s, band-pass filter 100 - 2000 Hz, 2000 stimuli. |
VA complex: Group 1: 0.36 Group 2: 0.43 |
Group 1: V: 0,32 A: -0,31 C: -0,34 F: 0,33 VA Complex: 0.69 Group 2: V: 0.30 A: -0.35 C: -0.35 F: 0.37 VA Complex: 0.67 |
Group 1: V: 7,41 A: 9,39 C: 19,42 F: 40,10 VA Complex: 1.97 Group 2: V: 8.58 A: 10.32 C: 18.76 F: 40.00 VA Complex: 1.74 |
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They indicate that the initial stages of processing an acoustic stimulus in the auditory pathway are not similar in children with typical development and with PD. They suggest that the abnormal encoding of speech sounds may be a biological marker of PD. |
TEA |
Chen, J., et al., 2019 |
China |
35 |
3 - 6 years |
Syllable [da], 40 ms, RE, intensity of 80 dB SPL, impedance of up to 5kΩ, presentation rate of 10.9 stimuli / s, three scans of 3000 stimuli. |
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Mean values in the first and second evaluations. respectively: |
Mean values in the first and second evaluations. respectively: |
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Children with ASD show subcortical processing that is still immature when compared to those with DD. |
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Group 1: |
Group 1: |
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V: 0.10/ 0.11; A: -0.20/-0.23 C: -0.14/ |
V: 6.66/6.54 A: 7.58/7.51 |
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-0.11 |
C: 18.37/ 18.20 |
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D: -0.14/ |
D: 22.58/ 22.39 |
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-0.18 |
E: 31.30/ 31.32 |
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E: -0.22/ |
F: 39.60/ 39.32 O: 48.04/48.07 Group 2: |
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-0.23 |
V: 6.90/6.73 A: 7.83/7.86 C: 18.47/18.43 |
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F: -0.27/ |
D: 22.55/ 22.99 |
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-0.19 |
E: 31.13/ 31.08 F:39.74/39.58 O: 48.29/48.17 |
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O: -0.21/ -0.18 Group 2: |
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V: 0.09/ 0.11 A: -0.18/-0.22 C: -0.04/ |
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-0.07 |
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D: -0.19/ |
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-0.21 |
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E: -0.16/ -0.18 |
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F: -0.18/ |
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-0.18 |
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O: -0.09/ |
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-0.14 |
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Ramezani, M., et. al., 2018 |
Iran |
56 |
Mean ages: 14.36 - 14.99 |
Syllable [da], 40 ms, RE, 80 dB SPL intensity, impedance up to 5kΩ, intermittent polarity, presentation rate of 10.9 stimuli / s, band-pass filter 100-2000 Hz, two scans of 3000 stimuli. |
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Group 1: V: 6.32 A: 7.18 C: 18.03 D: 22.10 E: 30.74 F: 39.12 O: 47.68 Group 2: V: 6.89 A: 7.82 C: 20.01 D: 24.60 E: 33.35 F: 41.12 O: 49.58 |
x |
There are losses in the synchronization of neural activity in individuals with ASD, indicating a dysfunction in the speech stimulus processing in the brainstem. |
Otto-Meyer, S., et. al., 2018 |
USA |
24 |
7 - 13 years |
Stimulus / d /, 40 ms, RE, 80 dB SPL intensity, impedance up to 5kΩ, alternating polarity, 10.9 ms presentation rate, 75 ms window, 100 Hz high-pass filter and 2000 Hz low-pass filter, two scans of 2000 stimuli. Syllable [ya] going up and [ya] going down, 230 ms, RE, 60 dB SPL intensity, alternating polarity, 80 - 1000 Hz band-pass filter, 4800 stimuli. |
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Children with high-performance ASD have less stable BAEP-speech than children with typical development, persisting through multiple stimuli. The effects can go beyond the auditory system, given the integrated nature of the BAEP-speech generators. |
Russo, N., et. al., 2009 |
USA |
39 |
7 - 13 years |
Syllable [da], 40 ms, RE, 80 dB SPL intensity, alternating polarity, impedance up to 5kΩ, presentation rate of 10.9 stimuli/s, 75 ms window, 100 - 2000HZ band-pass filter, three scans of 2000 stimuli. |
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Group 1: V: 6.54 A: 7.48 D: 22.38 F: 39.25 Group 2: V: 6.73 A: 7.85 D: 22.77 F: 39.54 |
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There is a reduction in neural synchrony and phase block in speech stimulation. |
Russo, N. M., et. al., 2008 |
USA |
42 |
7 - 13 years |
Syllable [ya], 230 ms, RE, 60 dB SPL intensity, impedance up to 5kΩ, 50 ms window, alternating polarity, 80 - 1000 Hz band-pass filter, two scans of 1200 stimuli per polarity. |
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X |
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Some children with ASD show marked deficiencies in pitch tracking. In addition, they indicate a reduction in the phase block. |
Stuttering |
Mozaffarilegha, M.; Adeli, H., 2018. |
Iran |
29 |
15 - 33 years |
Syllable [da], 40 ms, RE, 80 dB SPL intensity, alternating polarity, 85.33 ms window, 6000 stimuli. |
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Promising capacity of the graphic index complexity (GIC) to assess abnormal activation of the brainstem level in the study group. They associate the visibility of BAEP graphs with mechanisms associated with long-term memory of the auditory system dynamics at the brainstem level. |
DEL |
Gabr, T. A.; Darwish, M. E., 2015 |
Egypt |
40 |
3 - 7 years |
Syllable [da], 206 ms, both ears, 70 dB nHL intensity, alternating polarity, presentation rate of 11.1 stimuli / s, 75 ms window, band-pass filter 50 - 1000HZ, three scans of 1024 stimuli. |
VA Complex: Group 1: 0.426 Group 2: 0.195 |
Group 1: |
Group 1: |
Group 1: 1.65 Group 2: 2.05 |
Children with SLD have abnormal coding for specific acoustic characteristics, reduced neural synchrony for transient changes in speech and impaired neural coding for the duration of the stimulus. Manifesting as abnormal BAEP-speech. |
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V: 0.468 |
V: 6.60 |
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A: 0.319 |
A: 8.73 C: 14.04 |
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C: 0.446 |
D: 21.0 |
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D: 0.513 |
E: 29.1 |
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E: 0.818 |
F: 37.9 |
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F: 0.95 |
O: 47.00 Group 2: |
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O: 0.765 VA Complex: 0.787 Group 2: |
V: 7.95 |
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V: 0.13 |
A: 12.1 |
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A: 0.86 |
C: 21.0 |
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C: 0.159 |
D: 29.7 |
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D: 0.111 |
E: 38.6 |
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E: 0.199 |
F: 47.3 |
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F: 0.188 |
O: 55.8 |
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O: 0.31 VA Complex: 0.334 |
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Rocha-Muniz, C. N., Befi-Lopes, D. M., & Schochat, E., 2014 |
Brazil |
75 |
6 - 12 years |
Syllable [da], 40 ms, RE, impedance up to 5kΩ, alternating polarity, 74.67 ms window, band-pass filter 100 - 2000 Hz, three scans of 1000 stimuli. |
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Group 1: V: 6.32 A: 7.87 C: 17.57 D: 22.83 E: 30.64 F: 39.37 O:48.01 Group 2: V: 6.78 A: 8.61 C: 18.76 D: 23.72 E: 31.79 F: 41.14 O: 49.27 |
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BAEP-speech can be used to diagnose language impairments, considering other factors and the presence of risks. Suggested use of the Brazilian procedure in English speakers, since the results obtained for the syllable [da] are similar for speakers of both languages. |
Rocha-Muniz, N. C.; Befi-Lopes, M. D.; Schochat, E., 2012 |
Brazil |
57 |
6 - 12 years |
Syllable [da], 40 ms, RE, impedance up to 5kΩ, alternating polarity, 74.67 ms window, band-pass filter 100 - 2000 Hz, three scans of 1000 stimuli. |
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Group 1: V: 6.31 A: 7.35 C: 17.54 D: 22.83 E: 30.79 F: 39.17 O: 48.13 Group 2: V: 6.78 A: 8.75 C: 18.89 D: 23.80 E: 32.01 F: 41.48 O: 49.39 |
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The group with SLD showed alterations for temporal measures and frequency coding measures. Abnormal BAEP-s should manifest as difficulties in speech perception. The group with SLD showed worse responses than the others. |
Filippini, R.; Befi-Lopes, M. D.; Schochat E., 2012 |
Brazil |
Three groups: 1: DD 2: SLD (formal auditory training and speech therapy) 3: SLD (speech therapy only) |
7 - 13 years |
Syllable [da], 40 ms, RE, 80 dB nHL, alternating polarity, presentation rate of 10.9 stimuli / s, 74.67 ms window, band-pass filter of 100 - 2000 Hz, three scans of 1000 stimuli. |
VA complex, before and after auditory training, respectively: Group 1: 0.45 / 0.37 Group 2: 0.33 / 0.32 Group 3: 0.35 / 0.38 |
VA complex, before and after auditory training, respectively: Group 1: 0.41 / 0.34 Group 2: 0.29 / 0.29 Group 3: 0.35 / 0.35 |
Means before and after auditory training, respectively. Group 1: V: 6.53/6.63 A: 7.45/7.60 C: 18.43/18.21 D: 22.22/22.45 E: 31.04/31.16 F: 39.41/39.33 O:48.10/47.94 VA Complex: 0.92/0.92 Group 2: V: 6.64/6.67 A: 7.51/7.58 C: 18.74/18.56 D: 22.51/22.22 E: 31.45/30.72 F: 39.59/39.23 O: 47.88/47.93 VA Complex: 0.88/0.91 Group 3: V: 6.59/6.59 A: 7.63/7.48 C: 18.89/18.58 D: 22.39/22.14 E: 30.80/31.02 F: 39.27/39.37 O: 48.13/47.95 VA Complex: 1.02/0.90 |
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Deficits in auditory processing in behavioral and electrophysiological assessments in the SLD groups, similar to those observed in participants with auditory processing disorder. Additionally, the benefits of formal auditory training and formal auditory training associated with speech therapy were observed in behavioral and electrophysiological responses. |
Basu, M.; Krishnan, A.; Weber-Fox, C., 2009 |
USA |
20 participants. Two groups: I: SLD II: DD |
4 - 11 years |
Syllables [ba] and [de], 150 ms, RE, intensity of 50 dB nHL, impedance up to 3kΩ, band-pass filter 100 - 3000 Hz. |
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X |
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Children with SLD have a temporal deficit at the brainstem level, sounds with rapid presentations or changes are not adequately coded. The assessed population showed a marked interruption in the neural phase block. |
TDAH |
Jafari, Z.; Malayeri, S.; Rostami, R., 2015 |
Iran |
84 |
8 - 12 years |
Syllable [da], 40 ms, RE, intensity of 80 dB SPL, impedance up to 5kΩ, presentation rate of 10.9 stimuli / s, band-pass filter 100 - 2000 Hz, two scans of 2000 stimuli. |
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Group 1: V: 5.920 A: 6.749 C: 17.366 D: 21.178 E: 30.047 F: 38.690 O: 46.788 Group 2: V: 5.935 A: 7.065 C: 17.565 D: 21.716 E: 30.466 F: 39.04 O: 47.08 |
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BAEP-speech indicating delay in temporal coding in children of the study group. Children with ADHD have dysfunction in processing speech stimuli and no speech at the brainstem level. |