The promising role of Gelsolin expression to predict survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx

Şahin, Akın; Enver, Necati; Erçetin, Selim Yiǧit; Cinel, Zeliha Leyla; Batman, Abdullah Çaǧlar

doi:10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.05.009

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Brasil

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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Brasil

Español English

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Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. 88 (Suppl 4) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.05.009 copy

The promising role of Gelsolin expression to predict survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Introduction:

Gelsolin protein has important cellular functions, including cell motility and apoptosis. Altered gelsolin expression has been reported in several types of neoplasms, but clinicopathological features of gelsolin are currently unclear in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives:

Our aim is to investigate the clinicopathological significance of gelsolin as a prognostic biomarker for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods:

Tissue specimens from 168 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were immunohistochemically assessed for the Gelsolin expression. Prognostic significance of Gelsolin and its interaction with clinical parameters was analysed.

Results:

Gelsolin expression was confirmed in 70.2% of cases. Gelsolin expression is significantly associated with tumor stage, tumor grade, and locoregional recurrence. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that Gelsolin expression inversely correlated with both disease-specific and overall survival.

Conclusion:

This research is the first to demonstrate that Gelsolin expression is associated with a poor prognosis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Gelsolin is a novel promising biomarker and attractive target for the treatment of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Keywords
Gelsolin; Immunohistochemistry; Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma; Biomarker; Prognosis

HIGHLIGHTS

Gelsolin overexpression significantly correlated with unfavorable survival.

Increased gelsolin expression was associated with lymphovascular invasion.

Gelsolin expression was higher in patients with advanced-stage laryngeal carcinoma.

Locoregional recurrence risk is higher in cases wıth gelsoline overexpression.

Gelsolin expression could be regarded as a novel independent prognostic biomarker.

Characteristics	Gelsolin expression
	Nº of cases (%)	Negative (n, %)	Positive (n, %)	p-value
Age
≤ 60	73 (43.4%)	22 (30.1%)	51 (69.9%)	0.794
> 60	95 (56.6%)	28 (29.4%)	67 (70.6%)
Sex
Male	158 (5.9%)	47 (29.8%)	111 (70.2%)	0.937
Female	10 (94.1%)	3 (30%)	7 (70%)
Location
Glottis	108 (64.2%)	35 (32.5%)	73 (67.5%)
Supraglottis	55 (32.9%)	14 (25.5)	41 (74.5%)	0.623
Subglottis	5 (2.9%)	1 (20%)	4 (80%)
Histological grade
Grade I	66 (39.2%)	25 (37.9%)	41 (62.1%)	0.031
Grade II	82 (48.8%)	21 (25.7%)	61 (74.3%)
Grade III	20 (11.9%)	4 (20%)	16 (80%)
TNM stage
I–II	64 (38%)	29 (45.4%)	35 (54.6%)	0.001
III -IV	104 (62%)	21 (20.2%)	83 (79.8%)
Lymph node status
Negative	113 (67.3%)	34 (31.1%)	79 (69.9%)	0.326
Positive	55 (32.7%)	16 (29.1%)	39 (70.9%)
PNI
Yes	36 (21.4%)	9 (25.0%)	27 (75.0%)	0.872
No	132 (78.6%)	41 (31.1)	91 (68.9%)
LVI
Yes	53 (31.5%)	10 (24.6%)	43 (81.1)	0.016
No	115 (68.5%)	40 (34.8%)	75 (65.2%)
Loco-regional recurrence
Yes	60 (35.7%)	9 (15%)	51 (85%)	0.018
No	108 (64.3)	41 (37.9%)	67 (62.1%)

	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HR	95% CI	p-value	HR	95% CI	p-value
Age
≤ 60	1.00	0.96–1.07	0.351	1.00	1.01–1.27	0.498
> 60	1.02	0.96–1.07	0.351	1.16	1.01–1.27	0.498
Sex
Female	1.00	0.42–2.61	0.857	1.00	0.49–2.12	0.630
Male	1.07	0.42–2.61	0.857	1.09	0.49–2.12	0.630
Location
Glottis-subglottis	1.00	1.02–1.93	0.492	1.00	1.12–2.14	0.412
Supraglottis	1.17	1.02–1.93	0.492	1.27	1.12–2.14	0.412
Histological grade
Grade I–II	1.00	0.95–2.02	0.212	1.00	1.05–1.85	0.087
Grade III	1.14	0.95–2.02	0.212	1.28	1.05–1.85	0.087
TNM stage
I–II	1.00	1.03–4.37	0.031	1.00	1.21–4.37	0.001
III–IV	2.15	1.03–4.37	0.031	2.55	1.21–4.37	0.001
Lymph node
Negative	1.00	1.41–5.4	0.001	1.00	1.10–4.1	0.069
Positive	2.08	1.41–5.4	0.001	1.38	1.10–4.1	0.069
PNI
No	1.00	0.89–4.53	0.041	1.00	0.83–2.94	0.093
Yes	1.65	0.89–4.53	0.041	1.15	0.83–2.94	0.093
LVI
No	1.00	1.23–5.48	0.002	1.00	1.15–4.92	0.021
Yes	2.69	1.23–5.48	0.002	2.38	1.15–4.92	0.021
Gelsolin expression
Negative	1.00	1.67–7.47	0.004	1.00	1.27–6.67	0.025
Positive	3.28	1.67–7.47	0.004	2.63	1.27–6.67	0.025

	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HR	95% CI	p-value	HR	95% CI	p-value
Age
≤ 60	1.00	0.93–1.05	0.528	1.00	0.99–1.10	0.694
> 60	1.01	0.93–1.05	0.528	1.11	0.99–1.10	0.694
Sex
Female	1.00	0.47–2.94	0.941	1.00	0.41–2.19	0.672
Male	1.03	0.47–2.94	0.941	1.05	0.41–2.19	0.672
Location
Glottis-subglottis	1.00	1.13–8.71	0.081	1.00	1.61–8.41	0.073
Supraglottis	2.15	1.13–8.71	0.081	2.94	1.61–8.41	0.073
Histological grade
Grade I–II	1.00	0.95–3.61	0.134	1.00	1.25–6.62	0.064
Grade III	1.2	0.95–3.61	0.134	1.3	1.25–6.62	0.064
TNM stage
I–II	1.00	1.01–3.94	0.014	1.00	0.89–3.03	0.014
III–IV	2.03	1.01–3.94	0.014	1.83	0.89–3.03	0.014
Lymph node
Negative	1.00	1.65–6.15	0.001	1.00	1.44–6.33	0.015
Positive	3.23	1.65–6.15	0.001	3.01	1.44–6.33	0.015
PNI
No	1.00	0.43–2.45	0.806	1.00	0.49–2.19	0.749
Yes	1.29	0.43–2.45	0.806	1.03	0.49–2.19	0.749
LVI
No	1.00	0.89–3.8	0.002	1.00	0.86–4.14	0.047
Yes	1.97	0.89–3.8	0.002	2.31	0.86–4.14	0.047
Gelsolin expression
Negative	1.00	1.32–9.38	0.030	1.00	1.49–8.12	0.020
Positive	2.86	1.32–9.38	0.030	3.51	1.49–8.12	0.020

Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial. Sede da Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico Facial, Av. Indianópolia, 1287, 04063-002 São Paulo/SP Brasil, Tel.: (0xx11) 5053-7500, Fax: (0xx11) 5053-7512 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revista@aborlccf.org.br

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[1] *Corresponding author. E-mail:draknsahin@hotmail.com (A. Şahin).