Wu et al., 2020Wu J, Tan C, Yu H, Wang Y, Tian Y. Case Report: Recovery of One ICU-Acquired COVID-19 Patient Via Ozonated Autohemotherapy. SSRN. 2020. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3561379 https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3561379...
. |
Case report study. |
One patient (56 years) with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19, with hypoxemia and need of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy. |
Antiviral therapy, antibiotics, immunoglobulin, corticosteroid and high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy. Ozone Therapy: Major Autohemotherapy with 100 ml of venous blood ozonized at 40 μg/ml for 5 consecutive days. |
Clinical improvement with decreased need of high-flow nasal cannula and decreased inflammatory markers. |
IV |
Zheng, Dong, Ku, 2020Zheng Z, Dong M, Ku H. A preliminary evaluation on the efficacy of ozone therapy in the treatment of COVID-19. J Med Virol. 2020;92(11):2348-2350. doi: 10.1002/jmv.26040 https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.26040...
. |
Case report study |
Two patients (53 and 66 years) with severe COVID-19, pneumonia with hypoxemia and need of supplemental oxygen. |
Antiviral therapy, antibiotics, immunoglobulin, supplemental oxygen. Ozone Therapy: Major Autohemotherapy with 100 ml ozonized venous blood at 20 μg/ml for 7 consecutive days. |
In both cases there was clinical improvement with a decrease in the need for supplemental oxygen and a decrease in inflammatory markers. After treatment, in both patients remitted symptoms and discharged testing negative for SARS-CoV-2. |
IV |
Fernández-Cuadros et al., 2020bFernández-Cuadros MA, Albaladejo-Florín MJ, Álava- Rabasa S, Usandizaga-Elio I, Martinez-Quintanilla Jimenez D, Peña-Lora D, et al. Effect of Rectal Ozone (O3) in Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: Preliminary Results. SN Compr Clin Med. 2020b;3:1-9.. |
Case report study. |
Four patients (median 66.2 years) with severe bilateral pneumonia due to COVID-19, with hypoxemia and need of supplemental oxygen with nasal glasses or face mask in three of them. |
Hydroxychloroquine, antiviral therapy, antibiotics, corticosteroids, monoclonal antibodies and high flow high-flow oxygen therapy. Ozone Therapy: Rectal insufflation of 100 ml of ozone at concentration of 35 μg/ml 5 consecutive days. |
Clinical improvement with decreased need for supplemental oxygen, improved oxygen saturation and decreased inflammatory markers. |
IV |
Hernández et al., 2020bHernández A, Viñals M, Isidoro T, Vilás F. Potential Role of Oxygen-Ozone Therapy in Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia. Am J Case Rep. 2020b;21:e925849.. |
Case report study. |
Three patients (49, 61 and 64 years) with COVID-19 pneumonia, with hypoxemia and respiratory distress, with need of supplemental oxygen with face mask. |
Unspecified drug treatment. Supplemental oxygen with face mask Ozone Therapy: Major Autohemotherapy with 200 ml ozonized venous blood at 40 μg/ml for 4 to 6 daily sessions. |
Improvement of hypoxemia and decreases in inflammatory markers. No patient required invasive mechanical ventilation. All patients were discharged home on days 3-4 after ozone therapy. |
IV |
Peña-Lora, Albaladejo-Florín, Fernández-Cuadros, 2020Peña-Lora DY, Albaladejo-Florín MJ, Fernández-Cuadros ME. Usefulness of rectal ozonetherapy in a geriatric patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol. 2020. (in press). doi:10.1016/j.regg.2020.07.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regg.2020.07.0...
. |
Case report study. |
One patient (84 years) with COPD and pneumonia due to COVID-19, with hypoxemia and increase in the requirement of supplemental oxygen. |
Antibiotics, corticosteroids and oxygen therapy. Ozone Therapy: Rectal insufflation of 100 ml of ozone at concentration of 35 μg/ml 5 consecutive days. |
Decreases in inflammatory and thromboembolic markers, normalization of oxygen demand and radiological improvement. Medical discharge |
IV |
Hernández et al., 2020cHernández A, Viñals M, Pablos A, Vilás F, Papadakos PJ, Wijeysundera D, et al. Ozone Therapy for Patients with SARS-COV-2 Pneumonia: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study. Insights Biomed. 2020c;5(4):13.. |
Prospective cohort study. |
Eighteen patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with oxygen saturation <94%. Nine patients with standard treatment for pneumonia due to COVID - 19 (age 71 years± 18). Nine patients with additional ozone therapy (age 64 years± 11). |
All patients received usual clinical care for COVID-19 pneumonia: hydroxychloroquine, antivirals, corticosteroids, and antibiotics. Supplemental oxygen therapy. Ozone Therapy: Major Autohemotherapy with 200 ml ozonized venous blood at 40 μg/ml twice daily for a median of 4 days. |
The ozone therapy group showed a shorter time to achieve clinical improvement (-11.3 days 95% CI -22.25 to -0.42), as well as significantly shorter time to a 2-fold reduction in concentrations of C-protein reactive, ferritin, D -dimer and lactate dehydrogenase. |
III |
Franzini et al., 2020Franzini M, Valdenassi L, Ricevutic G, Chirumbolod S, Depfenharte M, Bertossif D, et al. Oxygen-ozone (O2- O3) immunoceutical therapy for patients with COVID-19. Preliminary evidence reported. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020;88:106879.. |
Case series study. |
Fifty patients (mean age 75 years ± 11.4) with COVID-19 pneumonia, with acute respiratory disease syndrome undergoing non-invasive mechanical ventilation. 48 patients completed the study, 2 died. |
Hydroxychloroquine, anticoagulants, corticosteroids, and antibiotics. Supplemental oxygen therapy. Ozone Therapy: 3 - 5 (median = 4) cycles of Major Autohemotherapy with 100-200 ml (median 125 ml) ozonized venous blood at 45 μg/ml with daily application. |
A significant reduction of inflammatory and thromboembolic markers was observed. Furthermore, amelioration in respiratory and gas exchange markers were reported. |
IV |
Schwartz, Narro, 2020Schwartz A, Narros RM. COVID-19 Dermatological manifestations. Presentation of two cases. Ozone Ther Global J. 2020;10(1):27-38.. |
Case report study. |
Two cases with skin lesions due to COVID-19: First case: (4-year-old girl) with itchy skin rashes. Second case: (70-year-old man) with erythematous prugiriform type rash. |
First case: Acetaminophen Ozone Therapy: Rectal insufflation: 50 ml at 25 μg/ml 2 sessions. 50 ml at 30 μg/ml 2 sessions. 75 ml at 30 μg/ml 3 sessions. 100 ml at 30 μg/ml 3 sessions. Ozonated oil, dermal application twice a day. Antioxidants. |
In both cases, the lesions disappeared at the end of the 10 treatment sessions. |
IV |
Second case: Anticoagulant. Ozone Therapy: Ozonized Saline Solution at 5 μg/ml applied daily for 5 days, followed by 5 days at 3 μg/ml. Ozonized oil, dermal application twice a day. Antioxidants. |
Schwartz et al., 2020Schwartz A, Martínez-Sánchez G, Menassa de Lucía A, Mejía-Viana S, Alina-Mita C. Complementary Application of the Ozonized Saline Solution in Moderate and Severe Patients with Pneumonia Covid-19: Efficacy and Tolerability. Preprints 2020, 2020060233. doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0233.v1 https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202006...
. |
Case series study. |
Twenty-five patients (mean age 55 years) with mild to severe COVID-19 pneumonia, 14 of them needed supplemental oxygen. All patients completed the study. |
Hydroxychloroquine, Tocilizumab, anticoagulants, corticosteroids, antibiotics. Ozone Therapy: 200 ml of Ozonized Saline Solution at 5 μg/ml applied daily for 5 days, followed by 5 days at 3 μg/ml. |
Improvement in 76% of treated patients, with reduction of symptoms such as dyspnea, weakness and fever, as well as decreased inflammatory markers. None of the patients treated with ozone therapy died. |
IV |