1.
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Zhang M, He JQ, 2020Zhang M, He JQ. Impacts of Metformin on tuberculosis incidence and clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2020;76(2):149-159.
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Impacts of metformin on tuberculosis incidence and clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. |
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 17 observational studies (n=382,828) |
Metformin significantly reduced active TB incidence and mortality in DM patients |
2.
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Yu et al., 2019Yu X, Li L, Xia L, Feng X, Chen F, Cao S, et al. Impact of Metformin on the risk and treatment outcomes of Tuberculosis in diabetics: A systematic review. BMC Infect Dis . 2019;19(1):859.
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Impact of metformin on the risk and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis in diabetics: a systematic review |
Systematic review with 12 observational studies (n=6980 cases) |
Metformin significantly reduced TB risk and improved treatment outcomes of TB in DM patients |
3.
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Park et al., 2019Park S, Yang BR, Song HJ, Jang SH, Kang DY, Park BJ. Metformin and Tuberculosis risk in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019;23(8):924-930.
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Metformin and tuberculosis risk in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus |
Retrospective cohort study from the National Health Insurance Service-Senior database, South Korea (n=25,164) |
Metformin use was associated with a decreased TB risk than sulfonylurea use in elderly DM patients |
4.
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Lachmandas et al., 2019Lachmandas E, Eckold C, Böhme J, Koeken VACM, Marzuki MB, Blok B, et al. Metformin Alters Human Host Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Healthy Subjects. J Infect Dis. 2019;220(1):139-150.
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Metformin alters human host responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in healthy subjects |
In vitro and in vivo studies on effects of metformin in Dutch adults (n=11) |
Metformin ameliorates the pathological inflammatory responses associated with TB while enhancing antimycobacterial processes such as ROS production and phagocytosis in humans. |
5.
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Lee et al., 2019Lee MC, Lee CH, Lee MR, Wang JY, Chen SM. Impact of metformin use among Tuberculosis close contacts with diabetes mellitus in a nationwide cohort study. BMC Infect Dis . 2019;19(1):936.
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Impact of metformin use among tuberculosis close contacts with diabetes mellitus in a nationwide cohort study |
National wide cohort study in Taiwan (n=5846) |
Metformin use is associated with a lower risk of active TB among TB close contacts with DM, especially for insulin users |
6.
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Pan et al., 2018Pan SW, Yen YF, Kou YR, Chuang PH, Su VY, Feng JY, et al. The risk of TB in patients with type 2 diabetes initiating Metformin vs sulfonylurea treatment. Chest. 2018;153(6):1347-1357.
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The risk of TB in patients with type 2 diabetes initiating metformin vs sulfonylurea treatment. |
Retrospective cohort study from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (n= 40,179) |
Metformin use in the initial 2 years was associated with a decreased TB risk and metformin users had a reduced risk than sulfonylurea users |
7.
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Degner et al., 2018Degner NR, Wang JY, Golub JE, Karakousis PC. Metformin use reverses the increased mortality associated with diabetes mellitus during tuberculosis treatment. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;66(2):198-205.
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Metformin use reverses the increased mortality associated with diabetes mellitus during tuberculosis treatment |
Retrospective cohort study (n= 2416) from National Taiwan University Hospital |
Metformin use associated with significantly reduced mortality during TB treatment |
8.
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Lee et al., 2018Lee YJ, Han SK, Park JH, Lee JK, Kim DK, Chung HS, et al. The effect of Metformin on culture conversion in tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus. Korean J Intern Med. 2018;33(5):933-940.
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The effect of metformin on culture conversion in tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus |
Retrospective cohort study (n= 499) from Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea |
Metformin improved the sputum culture conversion rate in patients with cavitary pulmonary TB, who have higher bacterial loads |
9.
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Lin et al.,2018Lin SY, Tu HP, Lu PL, Chen TC, Wang WH, Chong IW, et al. Metformin is associated with a lower risk of active Tuberculosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Respirology. 2018;23(11):1063-1073.
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Metformin is associated with a lower risk of active tuberculosis in patients with type 2 diabetes |
Nationwide population-based cohort study using the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (n= 49,028) |
Metformin is associated with a decreased risk of active TB in the DM population |
10.
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Ma, et al.,2018Ma Y, Pang Y, Shu W, Liu YH, Ge QP, Du J, et al. Metformin reduces the relapse rate of tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus: Experiences from a 3-year follow-up. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018;37(7):1259-1263.
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Metformin reduces the relapse rate of tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus: experiences from 3-year follow-up |
Retrospective cohort study (n=58) in China |
Metformin use as a combination drug with existing regimen improved the success rate of ATT and reduced the relapse rate in TB patients with DM |
11.
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Marupuru, et al., 2017Marupuru S, Senapati P, Pathadka S, Miraj SS, Unnikrishnan MK, Manu MK. Protective effect of Metformin against tuberculosis infections in diabetic patients: an observational study of south Indian tertiary healthcare facility. Braz J Infect Dis . 2017;21(3):312-316.
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Protective effect of metformin against tuberculosis infections in diabetic patients: an observational study of South Indian tertiary healthcare facility |
Case-control study (n=451) IN India |
The protective effect of metformin against TB was 3.9-fold than other antidiabetic agents in DM patients |
12.
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Singhal et al., 2014Singhal A, Jie L, Kumar P, Hong GS, Leow MK-S, Paleja B, et al. Metformin as adjunct anti tuberculosis therapy. Sci Transl Med. 2014;6(263):263ra159.
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Metformin as adjunct antituberculosis therapy |
Preclinical study with mouse model and a retrospective cohort study (n=493) in Singapore |
Metformin use was associated with improved control of TB infection and decreased disease severity |