Prospective cohort study |
Men and women from Sweden (n = 1925), aged > 50 years, follow-up of 20 years |
Serum selenium Baseline: 75.6 ± 14.3 µg/L (range of 24-132.8 µg/L) |
No significant associations found between serum selenium levels at baseline and glucometabolic traits (fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, proinsulin, intravenous glucose tolerance test, HOMA-IRb, HOMA-Bc, and type 2 diabetes risk). |
Gao et al., 2014 |
Cross-sectional studies
|
Men and women from China (n = 2242), aged = 53.0 ± 13.2 years |
Urinary selenium Quartile 1: < 4.55 Quartile 2: 4.55-7.49 Quartile 3: 7.50-11.76 Quartile 4: > 11.76 |
Higher fasting plasma glucose levels: quartiles 3 and 4 vs. the lowest of urinary selenium. ORd for diabetes compared to quartile 1: quartile 2 [0.947 (0.599, 1.497)], quartile 3 [1.244 (0.787, 1.968)] and quartile 4 [1.574 (0.968, 2.559)]. No significant associations with impaired fasting glucose risk. |
Feng et al., 2015 |
Men and women in Korea, aged 19-85 years - Group A: n = 71 visceral obese - Group B: n = 73 controls |
Hair selenium Group A: 0.053 ± 0.003 mg% Group B: 0.055 ± 0.003 mg% |
No differences in hair selenium concentrations between groups. Hair selenium negatively correlated with HOMA-IRb (r = -0.251) and insulin (r = -0.306) only in the viscerally obese group. |
Kim, Song, 2014 |
Men with visceral obesity (n = 78) from Indonesian, median age = 37 years |
Plasma selenium approaching or above 70 ng/mL |
No significant correlation between selenium concentrations and glucose homeostatic parameters (fasting glucose plasma and HOMA-IRb). |
Mutakin et al., 2013 |
Women without diabetes from Italy (n = 6879 men and 6891 women), aged = 53.1 ± 11.0 years) |
Selenium intake Quartile 1: < 50 µg/day Quartile 2: 50-60 µg/day Quartile 3: 61-75 µg/day Quartile 4: > 75 µg/day |
Dietary selenium was positively associated with blood glucose (p < 0.05). Increase of 50 µg/day in dietary selenium was associated with increases of 0.14 (men) and 0.11 mmol/L (women) in fasting blood glucose levels. ORd for diabetes (highest vs. lowest quartiles): 1.33 (1.01, 1.77) for men and 1.71 (1.17, 2.51) for women. |
Pounis et al., 2014 |
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trials
|
Premenopausal women with central obesity from Iran (n = 84), aged 20-50 years - Group A (n = 17): HDELa + placebo - Group B (n = 17): HDELa + arginine (5 g/day) - Group C (n = 17): HDELa + selenium (200 µg/day) - Group D (n = 17): HDELa + arginine + selenium - 8-week intervention |
Not evaluated. |
Selenium supplementation significantly lowered fasting concentrations of serum insulin and HOMA-IRb in group C. |
Alizadeh et al., 2012 |
Patients with diabetic nephropathy from Iran, aged 45-85 years - Group A (n = 30): 200 μg daily selenium supplements (selenium yeast) - Group B (n = 30): placebo - 12-week intervention |
Not evaluated. |
A decrease in serum insulin levels (p = 0.01), HOMA-IRb (p = 0.02), and HOMA-Bc (p = 0.009) as compared with the placebo. No significant effects on fasting plasma glucose and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index as compared with the placebo. |
Bahmani et al., 2016 |
Men and women from France, aged 35-60 years - Group A (n = 1533): antioxidant supplement [120 mg vitamin C, 30 mg vitamin E, 6 mg β-carotene, 100 µg Se (in the form of selenium-enriched yeast) and 20 mg Zn)] - Group B (n = 1613): placebo - intervention for 7.5 ± 0.3 years |
Selenium plasma Baseline: Group A: 1.10 ± 0.19 (women) and 1.15 ± 0.21 (men) mmol/LGroup B: 1.09 ± 0.20 (women) and 1.13 ± 0.19 (men) mmol/L |
No significant difference in age-adjusted mean fasting plasma glucose between groups.Baseline plasma concentrations of selenium were positively (p < 0.0001) associated with fasting plasma glucose. |
Czernichow et al., 2006 |
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from Iran, aged 18-70 years - Group A (n = 33): 200 μg daily selenium supplements (selenium yeast) - Group B (n = 27): placebo - 12-week intervention |
Serum selenium Baseline: 42.69 µg/L (group A) and 47.11 µg/L (group B). After supplementation: 71.98 µg/L (group A) and 45.38 µg/L (group B). |
An increase in fasting plasma glucose (p < 0.01) as compared with the placebo. |
Faghihi et al., 2014 |
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and stable coronary heart disease from Iran, aged 45-85 years - Group A (n = 27): 200 μg daily selenium supplements - Group B (n = 27): placebo - 8-week intervention |
Selenium intake: no significant differences between groups before and after supplementation. |
A decrease in serum insulin levels (p = 0.001), HOMA-IRb (p = 0.004), HOMA-Bc (p = 0.002), and a significant increase in QUICKIe (p = 0.02) as compared with the placebo. |
Farrokhian et al., 2016 |