Amitriptyline |
69 (6.3) |
Moderate |
C |
Additive impairment of motor skills. |
Dosage adjustments |
Bupropion |
51 (4.6) |
Major |
C |
Additive CNS depression. |
Avoid alcohol during treatment |
Bromazepam |
15 (1.4) |
Major |
C |
Additive CNS depression. |
Avoid alcohol during treatment |
Citalopram |
86 (7.8) |
Moderate |
C |
Liver damage. Additive CNS depression. |
Avoid or limit consumption of alcohol |
Clonazepam |
66 (6.0) |
Major |
C |
Increase sedation |
Avoid alcohol during benzodiazepine therapy |
Chlorpromazine |
129 (11.7) |
Moderate |
C |
Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism |
Avoid alcohol during treatment |
Diazepam |
189 (17.2) |
Moderate |
C |
Increase sedation |
Avoid alcohol during benzodiazepine therapy |
Disulfiram |
81 (7.4) |
Contraindicated |
C |
Liver damage. Increase the level or effect of ethanol by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2E1 metabolism. Disulfiram increases toxicity of ethanol by decreasing metabolism. Enhanced CNS & cardiac toxicity |
Should be avoided |
Escitalopram |
10 (1.0) |
Moderate |
D |
Additive CNS depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills. |
Avoid or limit consumption of alcohol |
Imipramine |
60 (5.4) |
Moderate |
D |
Toxicity. Increase sedation |
Alcoholics who have undergone detoxification should be monitored for decreased therapy efficacy |
Lorazepam |
15 (1.4) |
Moderate |
D |
Increase sedation |
Avoid alcohol during benzodiazepine therapy |
Methotrimeprazine |
116 (10.5) |
Moderate |
D |
Additive CNS depression and psychomotor impairment |
Avoid alcohol during treatment |
Olanzapine |
05 (0.4) |
Moderate |
D |
Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Additive CNS depression |
Patients receiving CNS-active agents should be advised to avoid or limit consumption of alcohol |
Paroxetine |
38 (3.4) |
Minor |
D |
Additive CNS depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills |
Avoid alcohol during treatment |
Phenytoin |
14 (1.3) |
Moderate |
D |
Decreased phenytoin levels may be seen with chronic alcohol ingestion |
Monitor symptoms of toxicity, drowsiness, visual disturbances, change in mental status, nausea, or ataxia |
Quetiapine |
12 (1.1) |
Moderate |
D |
Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Additive CNS depression. |
Avoid alcohol during treatment |
Sertraline |
41 (3.7) |
Moderate |
D |
Liver damage. Additive CNS depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills |
Avoid or limit consumption of alcohol |
Topiramate |
59 (5.4) |
Contraindicated |
D |
Increase sedation. Dizziness or drowsiness. Excessive somnolence and other forms of nervous system depression. |
The patient should be informed to avoid alcohol or to use caution if these agents are co-administered, especially if performing hazardous tasks such as driving or operating machinery |
Venlafaxine |
21 (2.0) |
Minor |
D |
Additive CNS depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills. |
Avoid alcohol during treatment |
Zolpidem |
22 (2.0) |
Major |
D |
Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Additive CNS depression. |
Avoid or limit consumption of alcohol |
Psychotropic drug
|
Prescriptions with tobacco interactions n (%)
|
Clinical Risk*
|
Mechanism of action*
|
Possible outcome*
|
Management*
|
Amitriptyline |
37 (23.1) |
Major |
D |
Toxicity |
Dosage adjustments |
Chlorpromazine |
76 (47.5) |
Moderate |
C |
Kidney failure. Toxicity |
Dosage adjustments |
Haloperidol |
16 (10.0) |
Major |
D |
Toxicity or reducing the effect of the drug |
Dosage adjustments |
Haloperidol decanoate |
03 (1.9) |
Major |
D |
Toxicity or potentiating the effect of the drug |
Dosage adjustments |
Imipramine |
24 (15.0) |
Major |
D |
Toxicity |
|
Olanzapine |
04 (2.5) |
Major |
D |
Potentiating the effect of the drug |
Dosage adjustments |