Diversidade de espécies de Leguminosae arbóreas nas florestas costeiras do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Machado, Davi Nepomuceno da Silva; Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade; Barros, Ana Angélica Monteiro de; Sartori, Richieri Antônio; Bohrer, Claudio Belmonte de Athayde; Pennington, R. Toby; Lima, Haroldo Cavalcante de

Davi Nepomuceno da Silva Machado ^**Corresponding author: machado.davi@hotmail.com

Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Formação de Professores, Departamento de Ciências, Patronato, São Gonçalo, RJ, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4735-5808

Marcelo Trindade Nascimento

Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil.

Ana Angélica Monteiro de Barros

Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Formação de Professores, Departamento de Ciências, Patronato, São Gonçalo, RJ, Brasil.

Richieri Antônio Sartori

Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Claudio Belmonte de Athayde Bohrer

Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Geociências, Campus Praia Vermelha, Niterói, RJ, Brasil.

R. Toby Pennington

University of Exeter, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Department of Geography, Exeter, United Kingdom.

Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.

Haroldo Cavalcante de Lima

Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

*Corresponding author: machado.davi@hotmail.com

Author Contributions

Davi Nepomuceno da Silva Machado: Plant collection in forested areas, data analysis, interpretation and manuscript preparation.

Marcelo Trindade Nascimento: Dry Forest floristic data contribution from Southeastern Brazil, data interpretation and critical revision of the manuscript.

Ana Angélica Monteiro de Barros: Contribution to the floristic data, collection of plants from forests of the Niterói and Maricá stretches and critical revision of the manuscript.

Richieri Antônio Sartori: Contributed to data processing in statistical packages and interpretation; critical review of the manuscript.

Cláudio Belmonte de Athayde Bohrer: Contributed to data processing in statistical packages and interpretation; critical review of the manuscript.

R. Toby Pennington: Dry Forest floristic data contribution from Southeastern Brazil and critical revision of the manuscript.

Haroldo Cavalcante de Lima: Contributed to the study concept and design; collected plants in forest areas; data analysis and interpretation, and preparation of the manuscript.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare they have no conflicts of interest related to the publication of this manuscript.

Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil.

Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Formação de Professores, Departamento de Ciências, Patronato, São Gonçalo, RJ, Brasil.

Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Geociências, Campus Praia Vermelha, Niterói, RJ, Brasil.

University of Exeter, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Department of Geography, Exeter, United Kingdom.

Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.

Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Study area	Phy	Code	Coordinates			Environmental Variables
			Latitude	Longitude	Alt	DOcean	Soil Salinity	TBS	WDD
					(m)	(Km)	(dS/m)	(%)	(days)
Cabo Frio	SSF	RJcabo	-228.644	-420.342	15	2	20	37	70
C. de Macacu, E. Paraíso	DOF	RJcach	-224.772	-426.761	337	55	0	17	60
Cachoeiro de Itapemirim	SSF	ESitpm	-207.422	-413.011	133	56	0	37	110
Campos, Terras Baixas	SSF	RJcamp	-216.529	-414.708	60	47	0	17	115
Carangola	SSF	MGcarg	-206.742	-419.997	890	118	0	17	85
Castelo	SSF	EScast	-20.61	-411.714	133	54	0	37	100
Descoberto	SSF	MGdesc	-214.236	-429.531	752	156	0	17	105
Desengano, Imbé	DOF	RJimb	-218.475	-416.772	314	48	0	17	65
Ilha de Marambaia	RES	RJmrbm	-230.483	-438.694	13	2	15	17	0
Ilha Grande	DOF	RJilha	-231.514	-442.011	825	25	0	17	0
Itatiaia	DOF	RJitat	-224.261	-44.62	1218	65	0	37	45
Juiz de Fora	SSF	MGjuiz	-217.483	-433.181	893	146	0	17	95
Lima Duarte	SSF	MGlima	-218.567	-438.661	768	131	0	17	105
Linhares	SSF	Esrvrd	-191.586	-400.217	50	40	0	17	25
Macaé de Cima	DOF	RJcima	-224.408	-425.694	1424	52	0	37	0
Maciço do Itaoca, Campos	SSF	RJitaoc	-217.936	-414.481	391	45	0	17	85
Maciço da Pedra Branca	DOF	RJpdbc	-229.406	-434.481	456	9	0	17	0
Maciço da Tijuca	DOF	RJtiju	-229.636	-433.014	730	6	0	17	0
Maciço do Tinguá	DOF	RJting	-225.511	-434.131	749	52	0	17	0
Mimoso do Sul	SSF	ESmimo	-210.131	-413.856	348	36	0	17	95
Miraí	SSF	MGmira	-212.447	-426.147	514	158	0	17	115
Muriaé	SSF	MGmrae	-210.803	-424.286	336	151	0	17	120
Natividade	SSF	RJnatv	-210.356	-419.275	470	102	0	17	115
Niterói/Maricá	DOF	RJnite	-229.294	-429.794	123	3	15	17	0
Paraty	DOF	RJpara	-232.972	-447.919	820	3	0	17	0
Petrópolis	DOF	RJpetr	-225.347	-431.581	1203	58	0	17	0
Picinguaba	DOF	SPpic	-233.181	-448.097	305	8	0	17	0
Poço das Antas	DOF	RJpoco	-225.414	-422.867	143	27	0	17	30
S. Francisco de Itabapoana	SSF	RJsaof	-213.933	-410.958	24	10	15	17	90
São José do Barreiro	SSF	SPjjbr	-226.347	-446.569	550	43	0	17	95
Saquarema	RES	RJsaqu	-229.072	-424.914	38	3	15	17	0
Teresópolis	DOF	RJtere	-224.544	-429.503	1180	62	0	37	0
Ubatuba	DOF	SPuba	-233.692	-450.203	525	1	0	17	0
Valença	SSF	RJvale	-223.333	-437.067	638	73	0	17	90

	Axis 1	Axis 2	Axis 3
Eigenvalues	0.280	0.224	0.140
Variance (%)	37.32	29.86	18.61
Monte Carlo test	0.001	0.001	0.001

Environmental Variables	Axis 1	Axis 2
Distance from Ocean	-0.519696	-0.565544
Altitude	-0.786054	0.385223
Average dry season duration	0.022908	-0.843088
Soil fertility based on mean TBS (% of total base saturation)	-0.0316089	0.285007
Soil Salinity	0.812388	0.30686

Species	IMAR	NIT	SAQ	CBF	ITA	Distribution (Brazil)	Phytophysiognomy
Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby & J.W. Grimes*	X	X	X	X		Northeast and Southeast (except MA and PI)	DOF, SSF
Abarema langsdorffii (Benth.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes*				X		Southern and Southeastern Regions and BA	DOF, SSF
Acosmium lentiscifolium Schott*		X	X	X	X	BA, ES, MG, RJ	DOF, SSF
Albizia pedicellaris (DC.) L. Rico	X					All Regions (except CE, GO, PI, RS and SC)	DOF, SSF
Albizia polycephala (Benth.) Killip ex Record*	X	X	X	X	X	Midwestern, Northeastern, Southern and Southeastern Regions (except MA)	DOF, SSF
Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan		X		X		Midwestern, Northeastern, Southeastern, Southern (except AL, ES, MA, RS and SC)	DOF, SSF
Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg.					X	Midwestern, AC, AM, BA, MG, PA, PB, PR, RJ, RR and SP	DOF, SSF
Andira anthelmia (Vell.) Benth.*	X			X		Northeastern, Southern and Southeastern Regions (except CE, MA, PI and RS)	DOF
Andira fraxinifolia Benth.*	X	X	X	X		Midwestern, Northeastern, Southern and Southeastern (except MA and MT)	DOF, SSF
Andira legalis (Vell.) Toledo*	X		X	X		BA, ES, MG, PE and RJ	SSF
Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbr.		X		X		All Regions, except AP	DOF, SSF
Barnebydendron riedelii (Tul.) J.H.Kirkbr.					X	AC, BA, ES, RJ and SP	DOF, SSF
Bauhinia albicans Vogel, *		X		X		RJ	SSF
Bauhinia forficata Link		X			X	Southern, Southeastern and AL, BA and PE	DOF, SSF
Bauhinia longifolia (Bong.) Steud.		X			X	Midwestern and Southeastern Regions, BA, PA, PR and RO	DOF, SSF
Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth				X		All Regions (except AC, SC and RS)	SSF
Calliandra harrisii (Lindl.) Benth.	X			X		RJ and BA	DOF, SSF
Calliandra tweedii Benth.		X				Southern and Southeastern Regions	DOF, SSF
Cassia ferruginea (Schrad.) Schrad. ex DC.		X				All Regions (except AC, AM, AP, MS, RN, RR, SC)	DOF, SSF
Cenostigma pluviosum var. peltophoroides (DC.) Gagnon & G.P.Lewis*				X		ES, RJ and BA	SSF
Centrolobium tomentosum Guillem. ex Benth.*		X				Southeastern Region, BA, GO, MT and PR	DOF, SSF
Chamaecrista ensiformis (Vell.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby	X	X		X		Northeastern, Southeastern, GO, PA and TO	DOF, SSF
Chloroleucon tortum (Mart.) Pittier*	X		X	X		Southeastern, BA, MS, GO and TO	SSF
Copaifera langsdorffii Desf.					X	Midwestern, Northeastern, Southeastern Regions, PR, RO, RS and TO	DOF, SSF
Copaifera lucens Dwyer *	X	X	X	X		Southeastern Region and BA	DOF, SSF
Copaifera trapezifolia Hayne		X	X	X	X	BA, MG, PR, PE, RJ, SC and SP	DOF, SSF
Dahlstedtia grandiflora (A.M.G. Azevedo) M.J. Silva & Azevedo*					X	RJ	DOF, SSF
Erythrina speciosa Andrews*		X				BA, MG, MS, GO, PB, PR, RJ, SC and SP	DOF
Exostyles venusta Schott*		X	X	X	X	BA, ES, RJ and SP	DOF, SSF
Grazielodendron rio-docensis H.C. Lima*				X		BA, ES and RJ	SSF
Hymenaea aurea Y.T.Lee & Langenh.*					X	BA, ES and RJ	DOF, SSF
Hymenaea courbaril L.					X	All Regions (except RS and SC)	DOF, SSF
Inga capitata Desv.	X	X	X	X	X	Northeastern, Northern and Southeastern Regions (except AL, CE, PI, RN and TO)	DOF, SSF
Inga congesta T.D. Penn.*		X				BA, ES and RJ	DOF, SSF
Inga cordistipula Mart.*		X		X		Southeastern Region	DOF, SSF
Inga edulis Mart.	X					Northern and Southeastern Regions, BA, MT, PB, PE, PR and SC	DOF, SSF
Inga flagelliformis (Vell.) Mart.		X				AC, AM, AP, BA, ES, MG, PA and RJ	DOF, SSF
Inga lanceifolia Benth.*	X	X				ES, RJ and SP	DOF, SSF
Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd.	X	X	X	X	X	All Regions (except AL, AP, PI, RO, RN, RR, RS, SC, SE and TO)	DOF, SSF
Inga lenticellata Benth.*		X				MG, RJ and SP	DOF, SSF
Inga marginata Willd.		X				All Regions (except RN, RR and SE)	DOF, SSF
Inga maritima Benth.*	X		X	X		RJ	SSF
Inga subnuda subsp. luschnathiana (Benth.) T.D.Penn.*	X	X	X	X	X	Southern, Southeastern (except ES and RS)	DOF, SSF
Inga tenuis (Vell.) Mart.*					X	BA, ES and RJ	DOF
Inga vera subsp. affinis (DC.) T.D.Penn.		X				All Regions (except AL, RN and SE)	DOF, SSF
Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz		X	X	X		All Regions (except MT)	SSF
Lonchocarpus cultratus (Vell.) A.M.G. Azevedo & H.C. Lima			X			Southern and Southeastern Regions, AC, AL, AM, BA, GO, MS, PE, RN, RO and SE	DOF, SSF
Machaerium brasiliense Vogel				X	X	Southeastern Region, AL, AM, BA, GO, MA, MT, PE and PR	DOF, SSF
Machaerium firmum (Vell.) Benth., *		X		X		RJ	DOF, SSF
Machaerium hirtum (Vell.) Stellfeld	X	X	X	X	X	All Regions	DOF, SSF
Machaerium incorruptibile (Vell.) Benth.*		X		X	X	BA, ES, RJ and SP	DOF, SSF
Machaerium leucopterum Vogel*				X		BA, MG, PE and RJ	SSF
Machaerium nyctitans (Vell.) Benth.					X	Southern and Southeastern Regions and BA	DOF, SSF
Machaerium obovatum Kuhlm. & Hoehne, *		X		X		RJ	SSF
Machaerium pedicellatum Vogel*		X	X	X		BA, ES, MG and RJ	DOF, SSF
Machaerium robsonnianum Filardi & H.C. Lima*		X		X	X	ES, MG and RJ	SSF
Machaerium stipitatum Vogel				X	X	Southern and Southeastern Regions, BA, GO and MS	DOF, SSF
Martiodendron mediterraneum (Mart. ex Benth.) R.C.Koeppen*						MG, RJ, PA, PE, MA, PI and TO	DOF, SSF
Mimosa arenosa (Willd.) Poir. var. arenosa		X		X		Northeastern and Southeastern (except ES)	SSF
Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) Kuntze var. bimucronata	X	X	X	X		Midwestern, Northeastern, Southern and Southeastern (except MT, PI, PB and RN)	DOF, SSF
Mimosa schomburgkii Benth.		X				AC, AM, BA, ES, MG, PA, PE,RJ and RR	DOF, SSF
Muellera filipes (Benth.) M.J. Silva & A.M.G. Azevedo*	X					RJ and SP	DOF
Muellera virgilioides (Vogel) M.J. Silva & A.M.G. Azevedo*		X	X	X		BA, MG and RJ	SSF
Myrocarpus fastigiatus Allemão*		X		X		AL, BA, ES, MG, PE and RJ	DOF, SSF
Myrocarpus frondosus Allemão	X					Southern and Southeastern Region and BA	DOF, SSF
Ormosia arborea (Vell.) Harms*	X	X	X	X	X	RJ and ES	DOF, SSF
Parapiptadenia pterosperma (Benth.) Brenan*		X	X	X	X	BA, ES, MG and RJ	SSF
Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan					X	Southern Region, MT, MS, RJ and SP	SSF
Paubrasilia echinata (Lam.) Gagnon, H.C. Lima & G.P. Lewis*		X	X	X		AL, BA, ES, PB, PE, RJ, RN and SE	SSF
Peltogyne discolor Vogel*		X		X	X	RJ	SSF
Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub.		X				Midwestern, Northeastern, Southern, Southeastern (except MA and PI)	DOF, SSF
Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F. Macbr.	X	X			X	All Regions (except AP, MA, PI and RR)	DOF, SSF
Piptadenia paniculata Benth.*		X			X	Southeastern, BA, PR and SC	DOF, SSF
Plathymenia reticulata Benth.					X	Midwestern, Southeastern, BA, CE, MA, PA, PI and PR	DOF, SSF
Platycyamus regnellii Benth.*		X				Southeastern Region, BA, GO and PR	DOF, SSF
Platymiscium floribundum Vogel var. floribundum*		X	X			BA, CE, MG, PE, PR, RJ and SC	DOF, SSF
Platymiscium floribundum var. nitens (Vogel) Klitg.*				X		BA, CE, ES, GO, MG, RJ, PE and PI	SSF
Poecilanthe falcata (Vell.) Heringer*			X	X	X	BA, ES and RJ	SSF
Pseudopiptadenia contorta (DC.) G.P. Lewis & M.P. Lima*	X	X	X	X	X	Northeast and Southeastern Regions (except CE, PI, MA)	DOF, SSF
Pseudopiptadenia inaequalis (Benth.) Rauschert*	X	X	X			RJ	DOF, SSF
Pseudopiptadenia leptostachya (Benth.) Rauschert*	X	X				MG, RJ and SP	DOF, SSF
Pseudopiptadenia schumanniana (Taub.) G.P. Lewis & M.P. Lima*		X			X	ES and RJ	DOF, SSF
Pterocarpus violaceus Vogel	X	X	X	X	X	MS, PR, SC, Southeastern and Northeast Regions (except MA)	DOF, SSF
Pterogyne nitens Tulasne		X				Midwestern, Northeast, Southern, Southeastern and AM	DOF, SSF
Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) S.F. Blake	X					All Regions (except AP, MA, PB, RN, RR, SE, TO)	DOF, SSF
Senegalia duartei Seigler & Ebinger*		X		X	X	BA, MG and RJ	SSF
Senegalia grandistipula (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger*		X				Southeastern Region, AL, BA, GO, PA, PE, PR and SC	DOF, SSF
Senegalia langsdorffii (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger*			X			BA, CE, ES, GO, MG, MS, PB, PI, RJ and RN	DOF, SSF
Senegalia polyphylla (DC.) Britton & Rose		X	X			All Regions (except AP, PI, RS, SC and SE)	DOF, SSF
Senegalia riparia (Kunth) Britton & Rose ex Britton & Killip		X				Southeastern Region, AM, BA, CE, MT,RN, RR, RS and SC	DOF, SSF
Senna affinis (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & R.C. Barneby*		X		X		Southeastern Region and BA	DOF, SSF
Senna macranthera (DC. ex Collad.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby	X	X				Midwestern, Northeastern, Southern, Southeastern and TO	DOF, SSF
Senna pendula (Humb.& Bonpl. ex Willd.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby	X	X	X	X	X	All Regions	DOF, SSF
Senna silvestris (Vell.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby	X			X		All Regions (except AL, PB, PE, RN, RS and SE)	DOF, SSF
Swartzia apetala Raddi var. apetala*		X	X	X	X	BA, ES, MG and RJ	DOF, SSF
Swartzia apetala var. glabra (Vogel) R.S.Cowan*				X	X	BA, ES, MG, RJ and SE	SSF
Swartzia flaemingii Raddi*			X	X	X	Southeastern Region and AL, BA, CE, MA, PA, PE, PI, SE and TO	DOF, SSF
Swartzia glazioviana (Taub.) Glaz.* , **				X		RJ	SSF
Swartzia langsdorffii Raddi*	X					MG, RJ and SP	DOF, SSF
Swartzia myrtifolia var. elegans (Schott) R.S. Cowan*				X		BA, ES, MG and RJ	DOF, SSF
Swartzia simplex var. grandiflora (Raddi) R.S. Cowan		X			X	BA, ES, RJ and SP	DOF, SSF
Sweetia fruticosa Spreng.				X		Southeastern Region and BA, MA, MS, MT and PR	SSF
Tachigali denudata (Vogel) Oliveira-Filho*	X					RJ, PR, SC and SP	DOF, SSF
Tachigali paratyensis (Vell.) H.C.Lima*	X					Southeastern Region,BA, PE and PR	DOF, SSF
Tachigali pilgeriana (Harms) Oliveira-Filho*					X	BA, ES, MG and RJ	DOF, SSF
Zollernia glabra (Spreng.) Yakovlev	X	X	X	X	X	BA, ES, RJ and SP	DOF, SSF
Zollernia ilicifolia (Brongn.) Vogel	X					Southeastern, AL, BA, PB, PE, PR, RN, RO, SC and SE	DOF, SSF
Zygia latifolia (L.) Fawc. & Rendle					X	Southeastern Regions, AC, AM, AP, BA, GO, MT, PA, PE, PR, RO and RR	DOF, SSF

Municipality	Area	E.E.	E.E.A.E.	Conservation Unit	Group	Area (ha)	Source
Araruama	638.150	5	2	Costa do Sol State Park	Integral Protection	9,841	INEA 2020
Armação de Búzios	70.978	26	24
Arraial do Cabo	152.105	29	27
Cabo Frio	413.575	37	33
Saquarema	352.130	33	30
São Pedro da Aldeia	332.922	19	18
Campos dos Goytacazes	4031.989	27	15	Serra do Itaoca EnvironmentalProtection Area	Sustainable Use	600	Farias et al. 2014
Campos dos Goytacazes	4031.989	27	15	Taquaruçu State Park	Integral Protection	65	Abreu Filho & Kristosch 2008
Mangaratiba	358.563	27	23	Mangaratiba EnvironmentalProtection Area	Sustainable Use	2,125.43^* * The Mangaratiba Environmental Protection Area does not cover the entire length of Marambaia, only the island (hillside forest).	INEA 2015
Maricá	361.572	35	32	Serras de Maricá Municipal Wildlife Refuge	Integral Protection	8,938.27	Maricá 2011
	133.757	51	45	Morro do Morcego, da Fortaleza de Santa Cruz e os Fortes do Pico e do Rio Branco Environmental Protection Area	Sustainable Use	141	Niterói 2018
Niterói				Lagunas e Florestas de Niterói Environmental Protection Area	Sustainable Use	5,139^ The Environmental Protection Area of the Niterói Lagoons and Forests overlaps with the Serra da Tiririca State Park (PESET). Thus, the value shown in the table is given by the total area minus the PESET area, so that a value larger than the real one would not be presented.	Niterói 2018
				Serra da Tiririca State Park	Integral Protection	3,493	Niterói 2018
				Nature Municipal Park	Integral Protection	918	Niterói 2018
Total (sq. km2)	6,845.741					312,607
Total (ha)	684,574.1					31,260.7

[1] *Corresponding author: machado.davi@hotmail.com

Brasil

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Diversidade de espécies de Leguminosae arbóreas nas florestas costeiras do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Resumo: