A picture key for semiaquatic and aquatic adults of Curculionoidea (Insecta, Coleoptera) from Brazil

A pictorial key for the identification of aquatic and semiaquatic adults of Curculionidae associated with aquatic macrophytes from the Pantanal of Mato Grosso and the Amazon is presented for the first time based on the study of 13,252 specimens belonging to the two families of Curculionoidea (Brentidae and Curculionidae), six subfamilies, eight tribes, 22 genera and 24 species, most belonging to Tanysphyrini (Curculionidae, Brachycerinae). This key can be extrapolated to the Neotropical Region fauna due to the wide distribution of the included species, which is discussed in relation to taxonomic, biogeographical, and ecological studies.

Keywords
Curculionoidea; Flood plains; Aquatic plants; Neotropical region

Authorship

Wesley Oliveira de Sousa

Conceptual design of the study

specimen collection

data collection

data analysis and interpretation

manuscript preparation

critical revision

adding intellectual content

Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da BahiaBrasilSanto Antônio de Jesus, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5564-1759

Geane Brizzola dos Santos ^* * Corresponding author: brizzolageane@gmail.com

Conceptual design of the study

data analysis and interpretation

manuscript preparation

critical revision

adding intellectual content

Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoBrasilCuiabá, MT, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9877-4375

Germano Henrique Rosado-Neto

Conceptual design of the study

critical revision

adding intellectual content

Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.Universidade Federal do ParanáBrasilCuritiba, PR, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9998-7527

Calleuyl Coelho Alves

Specimen collection

data collection

data analysis and interpretation

manuscript preparation

Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoBrasilBarra do Garças, MT, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brasil.

Marinêz Isaac Marques

Conceptual design of the study

data analysis and interpretation

manuscript preparation

critical revision

adding intellectual content

Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoBrasilCuiabá, MT, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-8505

* Corresponding author: brizzolageane@gmail.com

Associate Editor

José Mermudes

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare they have no conflicts of interest.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (9)
Tables (1)

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Figure 1
A) Stenapion, straight antenna; B) Stenapion, cylindrical and elongated trochanter; C) Cyrtobagous singularis, geniculate antennae; D) Cyrtobagous singularis, triangular and short trochanter; E) Amalactus nigritus, habitus, dorsal view; F) Tyloderma frontale, habitus, dorsal view; G) Hustacheauleutes sp., habitus, dorsal view; H) Sudauleutes sp., habitus, dorsal view; I) Neochetina bruchi, habitus, dorsal view; J) Neohydronomus affinis, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 = 1 mm, 2 = 0,5 mm, 3–10 = 1 mm.

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Figure 2
A) Hustacheauleutes sp., habitus, dorsal view; B) Hustacheauleutes sp., habitus, lateral view; C) Amalactus sp., habitus, dorsal view; D) Tyloderma affine, habitus, ventral view; E) Ludovix fasciatus, habitus, lateral view; F) Sudauleutes sp., habitus dorsal view; G) Ludovix fasciatus, tarsal claw; H) Tyloderma brevisquameum, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 11–18 = 1 mm.

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Figure 3
A) Tyloderma affine, front with fovea; B) Tyloderma affine, habitus, lateral view; C) Tyloderma frontale, habitus, lateral view; D) Tyloderma frontale, frontal head; E) Tyloderma frontale, habitus, ventral view; F) Tyloderma innotatum, frontal head; G) Tyloderma innotatum, habitus, ventral view; H) Tyloderma innotatum, habitus, lateral view; I) Listronotus sp., habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 19–27 = 1 mm.

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Figure 4
A) Hypselus ater, habitus, lateral view; B) Lixus sp., habitus, dorsal view; C) Lixus sp., habitus, lateral view; D) Lixus sp., tarsal claw; E) Amalactus nigritus, habitus, dorsal view; F) Amalactus nigritus, habitus, lateral view; G) Amalactus nigritus, habitus, ventral view; H) Amalactus carbonarius, habitus, dorsal view; I) Amalactus carbonarius, habitus, ventral view. Scale bars: 28–30 = 1 mm, 31 = 0,3 mm, 32–36 = 1 mm.

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Figure 5
A) Helodytes sp., tibiae with natatorial hairs; B) Helodytes nodulosus, habitus, dorsal view; C) Lissorhoptrus sp., habitus, dorsal view; D) Helodytes sp., habitus, lateral view; E) Hydrotimetes sp., habitus, lateral view; F) Lissorhoptrus sp., habitus, lateral view; G) Lissorhoptrus sp.; habitus, ventral view. Scale bars: 37–43 = 1 mm.

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Figure 6
A) Oryzophagus sp., depressed front; B) Oryzophagus sp., habitus, lateral view; C) Oryzophagus sp., habitus, ventral view; D) Stenopelmus sp. Habitus, lateral view; E) Stenopelmus sp., head, lateral view; F) Tanysphiroideus sp., habitus, lateral view; G) Pistiacola fasciatus, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 44–50 = 1 mm.

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Figure 7
A) Pistiacola fasciatus, habitus, ventral view; B) Pistiacoloides sp., habitus, lateral view; C) Pistiacola cretatus, head, lateral view; D) Neohydronomus pulchelus, habitus, dorsal view; E) Ochetina uniformis, habitus, dorsal view; F) Neohydronomus affinis, habitus, lateral view; G) Neohydronomus pulchelus, habitus, lateral view; H) Ochetina uniformis, habitus, lateral view; I) Notiodes inaequalis, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 51–59 = 1 mm.

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Figure 8
A) Ochetina bruchi, habitus, lateral view; B) Notiodes inaequalis, habitus, ventral view; C) Notiodes inaequalis, onychium; D) Neochetina neoaffinis, habitus, lateral view; E) Neochetina neoaffinis, habitus, ventral view; F) Neochetina neoaffinis, onychium; G) Neochetina confusor, habitus, lateral view; H) Neochetina eichhorniae, habitus, dorsal view; I) Neochetina bruchi, habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars: 60–68 = 1 mm.

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Figure 9
A) Cyrtobagous salviniae, habitus, lateral view; B) Argentinorhynchus breyeri, habitus, lateral view; C) Cyrtobagous singularis, habitus, lateral view; D) Argentinorhynchus breyeri, onychium; E) Argentinorhynchus squamosus, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 69–73 = 1 mm.

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Table 1
Taxa and abundance of aquatic and semiaquatic weevils collected in the Pantanal and Central Amazon. NI – Not identified.

Figure 1 A) Stenapion, straight antenna; B) Stenapion, cylindrical and elongated trochanter; C) Cyrtobagous singularis, geniculate antennae; D) Cyrtobagous singularis, triangular and short trochanter; E) Amalactus nigritus, habitus, dorsal view; F) Tyloderma frontale, habitus, dorsal view; G) Hustacheauleutes sp., habitus, dorsal view; H) Sudauleutes sp., habitus, dorsal view; I) Neochetina bruchi, habitus, dorsal view; J) Neohydronomus affinis, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 = 1 mm, 2 = 0,5 mm, 3–10 = 1 mm.

Figure 2 A) Hustacheauleutes sp., habitus, dorsal view; B) Hustacheauleutes sp., habitus, lateral view; C) Amalactus sp., habitus, dorsal view; D) Tyloderma affine, habitus, ventral view; E) Ludovix fasciatus, habitus, lateral view; F) Sudauleutes sp., habitus dorsal view; G) Ludovix fasciatus, tarsal claw; H) Tyloderma brevisquameum, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 11–18 = 1 mm.

Figure 3 A) Tyloderma affine, front with fovea; B) Tyloderma affine, habitus, lateral view; C) Tyloderma frontale, habitus, lateral view; D) Tyloderma frontale, frontal head; E) Tyloderma frontale, habitus, ventral view; F) Tyloderma innotatum, frontal head; G) Tyloderma innotatum, habitus, ventral view; H) Tyloderma innotatum, habitus, lateral view; I) Listronotus sp., habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 19–27 = 1 mm.

Figure 4 A) Hypselus ater, habitus, lateral view; B) Lixus sp., habitus, dorsal view; C) Lixus sp., habitus, lateral view; D) Lixus sp., tarsal claw; E) Amalactus nigritus, habitus, dorsal view; F) Amalactus nigritus, habitus, lateral view; G) Amalactus nigritus, habitus, ventral view; H) Amalactus carbonarius, habitus, dorsal view; I) Amalactus carbonarius, habitus, ventral view. Scale bars: 28–30 = 1 mm, 31 = 0,3 mm, 32–36 = 1 mm.

Figure 5 A) Helodytes sp., tibiae with natatorial hairs; B) Helodytes nodulosus, habitus, dorsal view; C) Lissorhoptrus sp., habitus, dorsal view; D) Helodytes sp., habitus, lateral view; E) Hydrotimetes sp., habitus, lateral view; F) Lissorhoptrus sp., habitus, lateral view; G) Lissorhoptrus sp.; habitus, ventral view. Scale bars: 37–43 = 1 mm.

Figure 6 A) Oryzophagus sp., depressed front; B) Oryzophagus sp., habitus, lateral view; C) Oryzophagus sp., habitus, ventral view; D) Stenopelmus sp. Habitus, lateral view; E) Stenopelmus sp., head, lateral view; F) Tanysphiroideus sp., habitus, lateral view; G) Pistiacola fasciatus, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 44–50 = 1 mm.

Figure 7 A) Pistiacola fasciatus, habitus, ventral view; B) Pistiacoloides sp., habitus, lateral view; C) Pistiacola cretatus, head, lateral view; D) Neohydronomus pulchelus, habitus, dorsal view; E) Ochetina uniformis, habitus, dorsal view; F) Neohydronomus affinis, habitus, lateral view; G) Neohydronomus pulchelus, habitus, lateral view; H) Ochetina uniformis, habitus, lateral view; I) Notiodes inaequalis, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 51–59 = 1 mm.

Figure 8 A) Ochetina bruchi, habitus, lateral view; B) Notiodes inaequalis, habitus, ventral view; C) Notiodes inaequalis, onychium; D) Neochetina neoaffinis, habitus, lateral view; E) Neochetina neoaffinis, habitus, ventral view; F) Neochetina neoaffinis, onychium; G) Neochetina confusor, habitus, lateral view; H) Neochetina eichhorniae, habitus, dorsal view; I) Neochetina bruchi, habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars: 60–68 = 1 mm.

Figure 9 A) Cyrtobagous salviniae, habitus, lateral view; B) Argentinorhynchus breyeri, habitus, lateral view; C) Cyrtobagous singularis, habitus, lateral view; D) Argentinorhynchus breyeri, onychium; E) Argentinorhynchus squamosus, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 69–73 = 1 mm.

Table 1 Taxa and abundance of aquatic and semiaquatic weevils collected in the Pantanal and Central Amazon. NI – Not identified.

Brentidae
Apioninae
Stenapion sp.	48
Curculionidae	13,204
Brachycerinae	13,057
Argentinorhynchus	11
Argentinorhynchus breyeri	6
Argentinorhynchus minimus	3
Argentinorhynchus squamosus	2
Cyrtobagous	1,736
Cyrtobagous salviniae	1,285
Cyrtobagous singularis	451
Helodytes
Helodytes nodulosus	3
Hydrotimetes
Hydrotimetes sp.	1
Hypselus
Hypselus ater	4
Lissorhoptrus
Lissorhoptrus sp.	6
Neochetina	8,472
Neochetina brucchi	1,442
Neochetina confusor	1
Neochetina eichhorniae	6,816
Neochetina neoaffinis	213
Neohydronomus	14
Neohydronomus affinis	12
Neohydronomus pulchellus	2
Notiodes
Notiodes sp.	17
Ochetina	36
Ochetina brucchi	13
Ochetina uniformis	23
Oryzophagous
Curculionidae
Oryzophagous sp.	18
Pistiacola	6
Pistiacola cretatus	3
Pistiacola fasciatus	3
Pistiacoloides
Pistiacoloides sp.	1
Stenopelmus
Stenopelmus sp.	1
Tanysphiroideus
Tanysphiroideus sp.	2731
Conoderinae	6
Hustacheauleutes
Hustacheauleutes sp.	3
Sudauleutes	3
Baridini NI	23
Curculioninae
Ludovix
Ludovix fasciatus	42
Cyclominae
Listronotus
Listronotus sp.	12
Lixinae
Lixus
Lixus sp.	8
Molytinae	65
Amalactus	4
Amalactus carbonarius	3
Amalactus nigritus	1
Tyloderma	61
Tyloderma affine	4
Tyloderma brevisquameum	5
Tyloderma frontale	50
Tyloderma innotatum	2
Total	13,252

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Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade | BIOTA - FAPESP Departamento de Biologia Vegetal - Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP CP 6109, 13083-970 - Campinas/SP, Tel.: (+55 19) 3521-6166, Fax: (+55 19) 3521-6168 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
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A picture key for semiaquatic and aquatic adults of Curculionoidea (Insecta, Coleoptera) from Brazil

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[1] * Corresponding author: brizzolageane@gmail.com