The release of cultivars with better agronomic characteristics has resulted in significant increase in grain yield. Eighteen wheat inbred lines and two check cultivars (IAC-24 e IAC-370) were evaluated in relation to grain yield, plant height, lodging, spike length and yield components, in experiments carried out at Capão Bonito (upland acid soil conditions) and Tatuí (sprinkler irrigation and limed soil conditions), in 2005 and 2006. The genotypes were also evaluated in relation to aluminum toxicity tolerance, in nutrient solutions. The line 7 (VEE"S"/RL6020/2*YR /3/VEE"S"/4/CEP8236/5/BR15/CEP88113/6/IAC-24) showed good performance in relation to grain yield, in Capão Bonito, and the cultivar IAC-370 and the lines 14 (CMH81.38/ 2*KAUZ//ATTILA), 16 (BARBET1), 17 (MILVUS2), 18 (KASORO1), 19 (BAV92*2/TSC// BABAX) and 20 (PEWIT1), in Tatuí. The following lines were interesting as genetic sources for the wheat breeding program: in both conditions the line 13 (CROC-1//Aegilops squarrosa(205)//KAUZ /3/ATTILA) for shorter semi dwarf plant types and lodging resistance; and the lines 5 (CEP8435/CEP17//BR23/3/IAC-24), 17 and 18 for 100 grain weight; the line 8 (KITE/PAPAGO//IAC-24) and 10 (HUAYUNINIA/IAC-231), in Capão Bonito, and the line 19, in Tatuí, for spike length, spikelet number and grains per spike. High grain yield genotypes were associated with taller plants presenting longer heads with higher number of grains and spikelets, in Capão Bonito, and with longer heads and heavier grains, in Tatuí. The lines 3 (KLATY//CNO"S"/GLL/3/NPO/CDL/BB"S"/CNO"S"/CNO/3/IAC-24), 4 (BR35/BR14//IAC-24), 5, 6 (KITE/PAPAGO//IAC-24), 7 (VEE"S"/RL6020/2*YR/3/VEE"S"/4/CEP8236/5 /BR15/CEP 88113/6/IAC-24), 8, 9 (KEA/BUC//IAC-120), 10, 11 (GCWI/SERI//DOVE/BUC/3/IAC-24), 17 and 18 showed high aluminum toxicity tolerance.
Triticum aestivum L.; grain yield, yield components; aluminum tolerance
