The occurrence of wilt disease, successively in plants of hyacinth bean (Dolichos lablab L.) and cotton, was observed in a plot of latosolic B (Terra Roxa) soil at the "Theodureto de Camargo" Experiment Station at Campinas, where no Fusarium wilt has been recorded before. Both species presented internal symptoms consisting in darkened vessels. Fungi of the genus Fusarium were isolated from these plants. Plant selection for wilt resistance was made in the above mentioned area where a Fusarium - susceptible variety (IAG 51/1104) of cotton had been planted. The progenies when tested in soils infested by Fusarium oxysporum f. vasinfectum Atk.) Snyder & Hansen revealed fair resistance to wilt. IAG 51/1104 comes from a cross between the varieties Delfos and Delta Pineland-10, both wilt susceptible under field conditions of the State of São Paulo. It is likely that the wilt resistance of some of its progeny might have originated by recombination. It is also pointed out that the wilting agent (F. oxysporum f. vasinfectum) might occur in the "Theodureto de Camargo", Experiment Station and be responsible for the wilt in hyacinth bean and cotton plants.