Twenty wheat genotypes (18 dihaploid lines and the IAC-24 and IAC-289 cultivars) were evaluated in experiments carried out under dryland and acid soil conditions in Capão Bonito (1997-99), and under sprinkler irrigation and acid soil conditions with lime application in Tatuí (1997-2000). Grain yield, yield components, agronomic characteristics and disease resistance were analyzed. In addition, the genotypes were evaluated for their tolerance to Al toxicity, in nutrient solutions, at laboratory conditions. The dihaploid lines 10 and 11 and the cultivar IAC-24, in Capão Bonito, and the cultivar IAC-24 and the dihaploid line 19, in Tatuí, were superior for grain yield. The dihaploid line 5 presented lodging resistance, the line 20 showed short stature and early plants to mature, and the cultivar IAC-289 exhibited higher number of spikelets per spike and heavier grains. All evaluated genotypes were susceptible to leaf spot. In relation to leaf rust, all lines were resistant, except the line 20 which was moderately resistant. The cultivar IAC-24 and all evaluated dihaploid lines were tolerant to aluminum toxicity. The higher grain yield genotypes, under dryland and acid soil conditions, were associated to tall plants, with long spikes, with high number of grains per spike and per spikelet and with tolerance to aluminum. Under sprinkler irrigation and acid soil conditions with lime application the most productive genotypes were associated to tall plants (semidwarf type) with heavy grains, and presenting no correlation with tolerance to aluminum.
Triticum aestivum L.; dihaploid lines; grain yield; agronomic characteristics; tolerance to aluminum toxicity
