Spatial distribution of soil apparent electrical conductivity measured by
     electromagnetic induction and sugarcane yield

Siqueira, Glécio Machado; Silva, Ênio Farias de Franca e; Dafonte, Jorge

doi:10.1590/1678-4499.0234

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Soil and Plant Nutrition • Bragantia 74 (2) • June 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.0234 copy

Spatial distribution of soil apparent electrical conductivity measured by electromagnetic induction and sugarcane yield

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The current agriculture requires the use of new technologies that allow the identification of soil and plant patterns, and the determination of their spatial variability. This work determined the spatial relationship between the sugar cane yield and soil apparent electrical conductivity (EC_a) measured by electromagnetic induction (EMI) and soil texture. The experimental area is located in Goiana (Pernambuco State, Brazil) (07°34’25”S, 34°55’39”W). The experimental area was 6.5 ha. Sugar cane yield and soil apparent electrical conductivity (EC_a) were measured at 90 sampling points randomly distributed in the study area. Maps of soil electrical conductivity (EC_a-V and EC_a-H) were similar to that of sugar cane yield. The linear correlation showed values of 0.74 (yield x EC_a-H) and 0.85 (yield x EC_a-V). The electrical conductivity measured by electromagnetic induction has been shown to be an important tool for predicting the yield of sugar cane. The textural properties (clay, silt and sand) showed high spatial variability.

geostatistics; precision agriculture; soil management zones

Layer (m)	--- Texture (g kg^–1) ---			Bulk density (kg dm^–3)	Soilmoisture (m³ m^–3)
Layer (m)	Clay	Silt	Sand	Bulk density (kg dm^–3)	Soilmoisture (m³ m^–3)
0.0-0.3	44	26	930	1.52	0.345
0.3-0.60	43	25	932	1.54	0.368
0.6-1	44	26	930	1.60	0.426
> 1 m	32	40	928	1.66	0.472

Parameter	Yield (t ha^–1)	EC_a-V	EC_a-H	--------------------- Texture(g kg^–1) ---------------------
		------ (mS m^–1) ------		------- 0.0-0.2 m -------			------- 0.2-0.4 m -------
		------ (mS m^–1) ------		Clay	Silt	Sand	Clay	Silt	Sand
Mean	75.54	15.67	13.90	253.2	42.3	712.9	253.4	26.9	719.8
Variance	241.94	23.67	31.80	7.87	8.37	13.99	4.48	5.82	9.90
SD	15.55	4.86	5.64	2.81	2.89	3.74	2.12	2.41	3.15
CV (%)	20.60	31.10	40.60	0.11	0.68	0.05	0.08	0.90	0.04
Skewness	2.041	–0.081	0.087	–0.48	0.86	–0.24	0.15	1.05	–0.52
Kurtosis	9.112	–0.325	–0.349	0.54	–0.28	–0.20	0.42	1.01	0.33
D	0.141 n	0.076 n	0.084 n	0.14 n	0.19 n	0.13 n	0.12 n	0.16 n	0.11 n

		Yield (t ha^–1)	EC_a-V	EC_a-H	------------------------ Texture(g kg^–1) ------------------------
			--- (mS m^–1) ---		------- 0.0-0.2 m -------			------- 0.2-0.4 m -------
			--- (mS m^–1) ---		Clay	Silt	Sand	Clay	Silt	Sand
	Yield	1.000
	EC_a-V	0.850	1.000
	EC_a-H	0.740	0.934	1.000
0.0-0.2 m	Clay	0.133	0.100	0.115	1.000
	Silt	0.084	0.010	0.078	–0.207	1.000
	Sand	–0.054	0.016	–0.060	–0.550	–0.529	1.000
0.2-0.4 m	Clay	0.115	–0.011	–0.026	0.461	–0.037	–0.288	1.000
	Silt	–0.007	0.161	0.164	0.040	–0.146	0.026	–0.039	1.000
	Sand	–0.017	–0.115	–0.108	–0.341	0.137	0.173	–0.642	–0.704	1.000

	Residuals Yield (t ha^–1)	EC_a-V	EC_a-H	------------------------ Textura (g kg^–1) ------------------------
		----------- (mS m^–1) -----------		------- 0.0-0.2 m -------			------- 0.2-0.4 m -------
		----------- (mS m^–1) -----------		Clay	Silt	Sand	Clay	Silt	Sand
Model	Gaussian	Gaussian	Gaussian	PNE	PNE	PNE	Exponential	PNE	PNE
C₀	200	6	10				0.690
C₀+C₁	580	28	35				3.926
a (m)	110	180	180				70.00
SD	25.64	17.64	22.22				14.94

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[1] *Corresponding author: gleciosiqueira@hotmail.com