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The rooting of cuttings of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis)

Rubber tree cuttings are very difficult to root. To improve the rooting of cuttings the author carried out some experiments at the Instituto Agronômico do Norte. The tight application of a piece of thin wire, using a wireplier, encircling the stem of the plant in order to cut the bark to the cambium, was called "estrangulamento" (girdling). Three different ways of girdling were tried: a) under the insertion place of one or two leaves; b) under a bud; c) in a place differe t of a) or b), between the placeof insertion of one or two leaves and a bud, or between two buds. Better results were obtained with a) and b) methods, a) being a little better than b). Generally, by any of the methods mentioned above, the results were much better than those obtained with ungirdled cuttings. At the conditions of the experiments, the use of a commercial product - claimed as good rooting material - did not improve the rooting results. Rubber trees obtained through previous girdling of cuttings developed one to three stout main roots, assuring normal stability of the plant under field conditions. It is possible to obtain more than one rooted cutting per young girdled rubber tree. The percentage of rooted cuttings increased with the duration of girdling, from 10 to 40 days; for cuttings girdled during 50 days, the results were inferior to those obtained with 40-day girdled cuttings. Leafless cuttings rooted better than leaved ones. The results obtained with girdled cuttings taken from seedlings planted in the field (about 10 months old and 1.60m high) were inferior to those obtained with girdled cuttings from younger and smaller seedlings planted in baskets and maintained under half shade. For the seedlings mentioned above and planted in the field, better results were obtained with girdled than with ringed cuttings. Cuttings girdled at the middle height of the plant stem rooted better than those girdled nearer to the apex.


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