Evaluation of triticale and wheat genotypes under favorable and unfavorable environments in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

The environment adaptation of eighteen triticale and two wheat genotypes were evaluated in experiments carried out at two different sites of the Mococa Agronomy Experimental Station, São Paulo State, Brazil, in the period 1996-99. The favorable environment was provided with sprinkler irrigation on an upland; the unfavorable condition consisted of a moist flat area with basin irrigation system. The environment diversity induced different genotypes response patterns. Under the sprinkler irrigation system the yields were higher for both species, but the triticale genotype TATU 4/ARDI 1 presented the highest grain yield. Under moist and flat area condition the triticale LT 978.82/ASAD//TARASCA showed the highest yield. The wheat genotype IAC 60 showed large variations in grain yield in the moist flat area over the two cropping years. The plant cycle from emergence to heading showed higher variation among the triticale genotypes under moist low and flat area in comparison with the upland sprinkler irrigation condition. The results suggested the wheat genotypes presented a specific adaptation for upland with sprinkler irrigation environment and the triticale group of genotypes presented a broader adaptation.

triticale; grain yield; adaptability; stability; plant cycle