Resumo em Português:
Neste trabalho são apresentados os resultados obtidos com Coffea arabica, Allium cepa, Arachis prostrata e Aloë sp., pela aplicação do processo Meyer para o estudo dos cromossômios somáticos. Em linhas gerais, o processo consta das seguintes fases : a) tratamento de raízes por uma solução saturada de paradiclorobenzeno ; b) fixação em Carnoy ; c) hidrólise em HCl a 10%, a 60°C durante dois minutos ; d) lavagens em água destilada ; e) lavagens em ácido acético a 45% ; f) coloração dos esfregaços pela orceína acética. Em virtude dêsse tratamento, os cromossômios se contraem e se apresentam bem separados nas placas metafásicas, sendo facilitada a sua determinação numérica. As constrições, a duplicidade e os satélites nos cromossômios, ficam também postos em evidência. Trata-se de um processo que pode substituir, com a vantagem da rapidez, o processo lento, de exame dos cromossômios somáticos por meio de cortes de material incluído em parafina, nas espécies estudadas.Resumo em Inglês:
The effects of a prefixation treatment with paradichlorobenzene on the somatic chromosomes of Coffea arabica, Allium cepa, Arachis prostrata and Aloë sp. have been studied. The following schedule was followed for treating root tips : a) prefixation in a solution of paradichlorobenzene ; b) fixation in Carnoy ; c) hydrolisis in 10 per cent HCI for two minutes at 60°C ; d) washing in distilled water ; e) washing in 45 per cent acetic acid ; f) smearing and staining in aceto-orcein. Good smears were obtained with root tips of Coffea arabica, Allium cepa and Aloe sp. The chromosomes of Coffea arabica were well scattered in the cells. The long chromosomes of Allium cepa and Aloe sp. were also well separated from each other. No difference in the chromosomes was noticed in smears made from paradichlorobenzene treated and untreated root tips of Arachis prostrata. This technique can substitute the paraffin method to advantage for counting chromosome number in root tip cells of the above mentioned species.Resumo em Inglês:
The behavior of the Irish potato variety "Eigenheimer" in the State of São Paulo has been studied. This variety grows well under the soil and climatic conditions present in potato areas of this state. Eigenheimer is an early maturing variety and a good yielder. The tubers sprout readily in storage, permitting two plantings in a year to be made with same seed. It is susceptible to virus diseases, early and late blight, bacterial wilt, common scab, and root-knot nematode. It shows a tendency to develop second growth, and under rainy and hot weather is subject to internal brown spot. The tubers of Eigenheimer are deep-eyed, and a large percentage of the crop consists of average and small-sized tubers. Trie marketing value of the Eigenheimer potato equals that of Konsuragis, Parana Ouro, and Voran, being higher than that of white-fleshed varieties, but lower than the value of Bintje and Eersteling.