Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and hypnosis on chronic low back pain

Weizemann, Carolina; Camargo, Nathielly Flores; Barboza, Taise Vieira; Carvalho, Alberito Rodrigo de; Bertolini, Gladson Ricardo Flor

doi:10.5935/2595-0118.20210005

Carolina Weizemann

State University of Western Paraná, Physiotherapy, Cascavel, PR, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0061-8479

Nathielly Flores Camargo

State University of Western Paraná, Physiotherapy, Cascavel, PR, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8068-2299

Taise Vieira Barboza

State University of Western Paraná, Physiotherapy, Cascavel, PR, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-8732

Alberito Rodrigo de Carvalho

State University of Western Paraná, Physiotherapy, Cascavel, PR, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-441X

Gladson Ricardo Flor Bertolini Correspondence to: Rua Universitária, 2069 - Jardim Universitário 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brasil. E-mail: gladsonricardo@gmail.com

State University of Western Paraná, Physiotherapy, Cascavel, PR, Brazil.

State University of Western Paraná, Biosciences and Health Program, Cascavel, PR, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0565-2019

Correspondence to: Rua Universitária, 2069 - Jardim Universitário 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brasil. E-mail: gladsonricardo@gmail.com

Conflict of interests: none

AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS

Carolina Weizemann

Funding acquisition, Data Collection, Research, Methodology, Writing - Preparation of the original

Nathielly Flores Camargo

Funding aquisition, Data Collection, Research, Methodology, Writing - Preparation of the original

Taise Vieira Barboza

Data Collection, Conceptualization, Research, Methodology, Writing - Preparation of the original

Alberito Rodrigo Carvalho

Funding aquisition, Data Collection, Conceptualization, Resource Management, Project Management, Methodology, Supervision

Gladson Ricardo Flor Bertolini

Statistical analysis, Funding aquisition, Conceptualization, Resource management, Project management, Research, Methodology, Writing - Review and Editing, Supervision

		Sensory	Affective^* * Significant difference between AV1 and AV3, regardless of the group. ^# # Significant difference between PE and interventions, regardless of the moment.	Evaluation	Miscellaneous
PE^# # Significant difference between PE and interventions, regardless of the moment.	AV1	17±7Aa	4.4±3.9	3±1Aa	7±4Aa
	AV2	17±7Aa	4±4	2.6±1.2Aa	7±4Aa
	AV3	17±7Aa	4±4	3±1Aa	6.8±3.9Aa
TENS	AV1	13.1±7.5Ba	2.5±3	2.2±1Aa	4.7±4.5Ba
	AV2	7.9±7.1Bb	1±1.7	1.2±1.7Bb	2.2±3Bb
	AV3	7.5±5.6Bb	0.8±1.4	0.9±0.7Bb	1.6±1.9Bb
Hypnosis	AV1	11.7±6.8Ba	1.7±2.3	2±0.8Aa	2.7±2.5Ca
	AV2	5.7±4.6Bb	0.7±1.5	0.9±0.9Bb	1.9±2Ba
	AV3	8.4±5.4Ba	0.5±1.4	1.1±0.9Bb	1.9±2.1Ba

		Sensory	Affective	Evaluation	Miscellaneous
PE	AV1 - AV2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
PE	AV1 - AV3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
TENS	AV1 - AV2	-0.70	0.58	-0.73	-0.66
TENS	AV1 - AV3	-0.83	-0.72	-1.48	-0.90
Hypnosis	AV1 - AV2	-1.04	-0.53	-1.31	-0.35
Hypnosis	AV1 - AV3	-0.55	-0.62	-1.06	-0.31

		VAS	Threshold for cold	VAS for cold	Pressure pain threshold
PE	AV1	4.8±2Aa	8.4±11Aa	6±1Aa	5734±1890 Aa
	AV2	5±2Aa	8.5± 11Aa	6±1Aa	5744±1862 Aa
	AV3	5±2Ba	8.5±11 Aa	6±1Aa	5717±1812 Aa
TENS	AV1	4.9±2.2Aa	6.7±10.1 Aa	5.3±2ACa	5207±1628 Aa
	AV2	2±2.3Bb	10±12 Aa	4.2±1.1Bb	6004±1507 Aa
	AV3	2.1±1.5Bb	8.3±12.4 Aa	3.5±1.4Bb	5835±1670 Aa
Hypnosis	AV1	4.6±2.5Aa	7±11.3 Aa	4.7±1.9BCa	5584±1853 Aa
	AV2	2.5±2.5Bb	8.5±10.3 Aa	3.6±1.5Bb	6296±1884 Aa
	AV3	2.5±1.8Ba	9.2±12.5 Aa	3.9±1.4Bab	6273±2301 Aa

		VAS	Threshold for cold	VAS for cold	Pressure pain threshold
PE	AV1 - AV2	-0.03	0.01	0.04	0.01
PE	AV1 - AV3	-0.06	0.01	0.04	-0.01
TENS	AV1 - AV2	-1.27	0.29	-0.65	0.51
TENS	AV1 - AV3	-1.43	0.14	-0.99	0.38
Hypnosis	AV1 - AV2	-0.84	0.14	-0.66	0.38
Hypnosis	AV1 - AV3	-0.94	0.19	-0.51	0.33

[1] Correspondence to: Rua Universitária, 2069 - Jardim Universitário 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brasil. E-mail: gladsonricardo@gmail.com