| Lima et al.1616 Lima TC, Vieira-Barbosa NM, Grasielle de Sá Azevedo C, de Matos FR, Douglas de Oliveira DW, de Oliveira ES, et al. Oral health-related quality of life before and after treatment of dentin hypersensitivity with cyanoacrylate and laser. J Periodontol. 2017;88(2):166-72.
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To verify changes in patients' oral health-related quality of life at 24 hours, 30, 90, and 180 days after treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) with laser and cyanoacrylate. |
Infrared low power laser (LPL) (GaAlAs) (Clean LineEasy Laser - Clean Line Indústria e Comércio de Produtos Médicos e Odontológicos Ltda, Taubaté, SP, Brazil) |
The laser was used in three sessions, with 48h intervals, according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The irradiation parameters were: wavelength of 795nm and power of 120mW. The deposited energy density was 30.96J/cm2 for 8 seconds, at three points around the cervical region of the tooth. |
There was a reduction in the impact of DH on the quality of life of the participants after interventions with laser and cyanoacrylate. A statistically significant difference was observed only at the 24-hour post-treatment interval. At this time, cyanoacrylate performed better in reducing DH when compared with laser. |
| Pourshahidi et al.1111 Pourshahidi S, Ebrahimi H, Mansourian A, Mousavi Y, Kharazifard M. Comparison of Er,Cr:YSGG and diode laser effects on dentin hypersensitivity: a split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2019;23(11):4051-8.
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To compare the clinical efficacy of the diode laser (GaAlAs) and the Er, Cr: YSGG laser in the treatment of DH. |
GaAlAs 940nm diode LPL (EzLase, Biolase, San Clemente, CA, USA) and Er, Cr: YSGG high-power laser (HPL) (Waterlase Biolase® 1 , Biolase, Inc, San Clemente, CA, USA) |
Lasers were irradiated on the cervical surface of the tooth, single session, using the following configuration: Diode laser: wavelength 940nm, power 0.4W, contact point area 0.8cm2, time 10s, DE 2.5J/cm2. In the Er, Cr:YSGG laser the following was used: wavelength 2780nm, scanning motion, 1mm blurring, 0% water and 0% air, power 0.25W, frequency 50Hz, pulse duration 140µs, spot area 600µm. |
Decrease in DH was observed in both groups immediately, 1 week and 1 month after laser irradiation. Statistically significant differences in DH severity were found between the two groups only 1 month after laser application. The decrease in DH by the Er, Cr: YSGG laser was greater than that of the diode laser in this time interval. |
| Maximiano et al.1717 Maximiano V, Machado AC, Yoshida ML, Pannuti CM, Scaramucci T, Aranha ACC. Nd:YAG laser and calcium sodium phosphosilicate prophylaxis paste in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity: a double-blind randomized clinical study. Clin Oral Investig. 2019;23(8):3331-8.
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To evaluate the effect of desensitizing treatments based on a prophylaxis paste containing 15% sodium calcium phosphosilicate (SCP) (NovaMin®) and Nd:YAG laser irradiation, on the reduction of DH after 1 month of clinical follow-up. |
HPL Nd: YAG (Power Laser, Lares Research, San Clemente, CA, EUA) |
The laser was used in the pulsed form, with a pulse width of 150µs and a fixed repetition rate of 10Hz. Irradiation was performed with the 400µm quartz optical fiber, perpendicular to the tooth, in contact mode. Four irradiations were performed with sweeping movements: 2 in the mesio-distal direction and 2 in the occlusal-gingival direction, for up to 15s each, with a 10s interval between each irradiation. The parameter used was 1W power, 10Hz repetition rate, 100mJ energy and 85J/cm2 energy density. |
There was pain reduction in all 3 groups (calcium phosphosilicate paste, Nd:YAG laser, and placebo) when all experimental periods were compared with baseline values. There were no significant differences between the groups in DH-related pain reduction for both immediate and long-lasting effects at any of the time intervals evaluated.; |
| Ozlem et al.1818 Ozlem K, Esad GM, Ayse A, Aslihan U. Efficiency of lasers and a desensitizer agent on dentin hypersensitivity treatment: a clinical study. Niger J Clin Pract. 2018;21(2):225-30.
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To determine and compare the effectiveness of a glutaraldehyde-containing agent (GCA-Gluma ®) with Nd:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers and their combination in the treatment of DH. |
High-power Nd:- YAG and Er,- Cr:YSGG lasers (Fotona Ljubljana, Slovenia) |
Treatment protocol on teeth with DH (5 groups): (1) application of glutaraldehyde-containing agent (GCA), (2) Nd:YAG laser irradiation (1W/cm2, 10Hz), (3) application of GCA and then application of Nd:YAG laser, (4) Er,Cr: YSGG laser (0.25 W/cm2, 20Hz), (5) application of GCA and then application of Er,Cr:YSGG laser. |
After the sessions, DH was significantly reduced in all groups at each measurement point. The Er,Cr:YSGG laser with or without application of GCA was the most effective in treating DH. The Nd:YAG laser and the GCA appear to have similar effects in the treatment of DH. |
| Bou Chebel, et al.1919 Bou Chebel F, Zogheib CM, Baba NZ, Corbani KA. Clinical comparative evaluation of Nd:YAG laser and a new varnish containing casein phosphopeptides-amorphous calcium phosphate for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity: a prospective study. J Prosthodont. 2018;27(9):860-7.
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To compare the effect of the Nd:YAG laser with the effect of a new varnish (MI Varnish) containing added casein phosphopeptides (CPP) and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) in the treatment of DH within 6 months. |
Nd:YAG HPL (Fotona Medical Lasers; Light Walker AT / AT S, Liubliana, Eslovênia) |
The laser was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. The irradiation parameters were set at 60mJ (energy), 2Hz (repetition rate), 0.64W (power) and 100mJ pulse energy (35.8J/cm2). A 300µm quartz fiber was used with scanning movements in mesiodistal directions: 4 times, 20s for each application (irradiation time) and a distance of 6mm from the exposed dentin surfaces. |
There was a reduction in DH in both treatments (Nd:YAG laser and MI Varnish), especially between baseline and 1 week, with maintenance of this state during the 6-month follow-up period. The difference between the two treatments was not significant. |
| Narayanan, et al.2020 Narayanan R, Prabhuji MLV, Paramashivaiah R, Bhavikatti SK. Low-level laser therapy in combination with desensitising agent reduces dentin hypersensitivity in fluorotic and non-fluorotic teeth - a randomised, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2019;17(6):547-56.
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To compare the efficacy of 5% potassium nitrate (PN), and LPL and the combination between these methods (LPL + PN) in DH patients with and without fluorosis. |
Low-power diode laser of the GaAlAs type (A.R.C Laser; Nürember, Germany). |
LPL was used with a wavelength of 810nm, output power of 1W, continuous wave mode, irradiation time of 10s/tooth, with the tip applied tangentially on the tooth surface and at 1mm distance. The teeth were evaluated at baseline, 30 min, 1, 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. |
The LPL+PN group showed better results than the other two groups at all follow-up visits. The study as a whole showed better treatment results on fluorotic teeth. At 12 weeks, a statistically significant difference was observed between the three subgroups, with more favorable results in the group that combined LPL+PN on fluorotic teeth. |
| Lopes, de Paula Eduardo e Aranha1212 Lopes AO, de Paula Eduardo C, Aranha ACC. Evaluation of different treatment protocols for dentin hypersensitivity: an 18-month randomized clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32(5):1023-30.
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To evaluate different protocols for the treatment of DH with low intensity laser (with different doses), HPL and a desensitizing agent, for a period of 12 and 18 months. |
LPL Photon Laser (DMC, São Carlos, SP, Brazil). HPL Nd:YAG (Power Laser™ ST6, Research ® (San Clemente, CA, USA). |
9 evaluation groups: G1: Gluma desensitizer (Heraeus Kulzer), G2: Low-dose LPL (three irradiation points in the buccal portion and one apical point 30 mW, 10J/cm2, 9s per point at a wavelength of 810nm, with three sessions 72h apart), G3: LPL with high dose (one point in the cervical area and one apical point 100 mW, 40J/cm2, 11s per point with wavelength of 810nm in three sessions with 72h interval), G4: LPL with low dose + Gluma desensitizer, G5: LPL with high dose + Gluma desensitizer, G6: Nd:YAG laser 1.0W, 10Hz and 100mJ, ≈85J/cm2, with a wavelength of 1064nm), G7: Nd:YAG + Gluma desensitizer, G8: LPL with low dose + Nd:YAG laser and G9: LPL with high dose + Nd:YAG laser |
After statistical analysis, all treatments were effective in reducing DH and the results were considered not statistically different between the groups |
| Osmari et al.2121 Osmari D, Fraga S, Ferreira ACO, Eduardo CP, Marquezan M, Silveira BLD. In-office treatments for dentin hypersensitivity: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2018;16(2):125-30.
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To evaluate the efficacy of four therapies (5% sodium fluoride varnish, 3% potassium oxalate, selfetching adhesive, high-powered diode laser) used in clinical treatment of DH after a single application |
High Power Diode Laser (Thera Lase Surgery DMC Equipamentos - São Carlos, SP Brazil). |
Irradiation was performed at a distance of 1mm from the dentin surface, with horizontal scanning movements, for 20s. The parameters were: power 1W, continuous mode, energy 20J, generating an energy density of approximately 100J/cm2 per s. |
Compared to the baseline values, fluoride varnish and potassium oxalate showed a desensitizing effect that remained constant at 15, 30 and 60 days. The diode laser showed statistically significant difference compared to baseline after 15 days, while the adhesive only after 60 days. There was a difference between the groups evaluated only in the immediate result of therapy, with no difference in the period of 15, 30 and 60 days. |
| Moura et al.2222 Moura GF, Zeola LF, Silva MB, Sousa SC, Guedes FR, Soares PV. Four-session protocol effectiveness in reducing cervical dentin hypersensitivity: a 24-week randomized clinical trial. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2019;37(2):117-23.
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To evaluate the efficacy of desensitizing agents (2% fluoride potassium nitrate, ionomeric varnish, and LPL in reducing DH after four sessions, with 24-week follow-up. |
GaAlAs LPL (Photon laser III, DMC U.S.A) |
Irradiation was performed perpendicular to the surface and at a distance of 10mm from the gingival surface at 4 points on each tooth: buccal (mesial, central and distal) and one apical point. The parameters applied were power of 100mW, energy density of 4J/cm2 (1J/cm2 each point), 10s at each point with a wavelength of 808nm. |
All three groups showed a significant reduction in DH compared to baseline. All groups maintained the reduction in DH and showed no statistical differences between them after treatment at 2, 4, 8, and 24-week follow-up. |
| Guanipa Ortiz et al.2323 Guanipa Ortiz MI, Alencar CM, Freitas De Paula BL, Alves EB, Nogueira Araujo JL, Silva CM. Effect of the casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) and photobiomodulation (PBM) on dental hypersensitivity: A randomized controlled clinical trial. PLoS One. 2019;14(12):e0225501.
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To evaluate the effect of fluoride-containing amorphous caseincalcium phosphopeptide (CPP-ACPF) and photobiomodulation in the treatment of DH and the impact of this on health-related quality of life. |
LPL, GaAlAs (Photon laser III, DMC U.S.A) |
G1: Placebo; G2: CPP-ACPF; G3: LPL and G4: CPP-ACPF + LPL The laser was applied using a spectrum of infrared light with a wavelength of 808nm, (60J/cm² at each application point) for 16s. |
The intra-group comparison showed significant reduction in DH with both stimuli after one month of follow-up. The intergroup comparison with the evaporative stimulus showed that CPP-ACPF + laser significantly reduced hypersensitivity compared to the rest of the treatments after one month of follow-up. The CPP-ACPF + laser group also differed statistically from the other treatment groups in the DHEQ evaluation after one month of follow-up. |
| Femiano et al.2424 Femiano F, Femiano R, Lanza A, Lanza M, Perillo L. Effectiveness on oral pain of 808-nm diode laser used prior to composite restoration for symptomatic non-carious cervical lesions unresponsive to desensitizing agents. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32(1):67-71.
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To compare the reduction in sensitivity after tooth restoration with and without prior irradiation with diode laser for DH of cervical non-carious lesions that did not respond to desensitizing agents. |
High-power diode laser (Creation, Soft Touch; 810nm 5W) |
Before restoration the teeth were irradiated with a Diode Laser after air drying for 3s. The parameters used were 0.2W in continuous emission using a 400µm diameter fiber, at a minimum distance from the tooth of 0.5cm and no more than 1.0cm, being kept perpendicular to the tooth and performing fast movements in the apical-coronal mesiodistal and superficial region to treat the entire tooth surface. Three 1-min applications were performed and after waiting for another 3-min period, the direct restorative procedure was started. |
The results showed significant reduction of DH discomfort in the study group in which there was laser irradiation before the teeth were restored, with the decrease of 78.5, 78.9, and 78.1% immediately and at 6 and 12 months after restoration, respectively. Laser irradiation before tooth restoration may further improve the DH symptom of non-carious cervical lesions that do not respond to desensitizing agents. |
| Tabibzadeh et al.2525 Tabibzadeh Z, Fekrazad R, Esmaeelnejad A, Shadkar MM, Khalili Sadrabad Z, Ghojazadeh M. Effect of combined application of high- and low-intensity lasers on dentin hypersensitivity: a randomized clinical trial. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2018;12(1):49-55.
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To evaluate the desensitizing effect of the combined application of diode lasers with two different output powers and compare it with single session diode laser therapy. |
Diode laser using a combined high and low power protocol (Doctor Smile, Lambda SPA, Italy) |
The first experimental group was treated for 20s with a 3W beam (wavelength = 980 nm, 30Hz, fiber = 300µ, single pulse mode) once. The teeth in the second group were irradiated three times in three treatment sessions: in the first session, the teeth were irradiated for 20s with a 0.2W beam (wavelength = 980nm, fiber = 300µ, continuous wave mode) and then for 20s with 3W output power; the second and third sessions were 48 and 96h after the initial appointment, in which the teeth were treated for 20s with a 20Hz, 0.2W diode laser beam. |
The difference in DH reduction between the two study groups was not statistically significant, although there was a trend toward better results in the group that combined high- and low-intensity laser. |
| Praveen et al.2626 Praveen R, Thakur S, Kirthiga M, Narmatha M. Comparative evaluation of a low-level laser and topical desensitizing agent for treating dentinal hypersensitivity: a randomized controlled trial. J Conserv Dent. 2018;21(5):495-9.
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To evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of low-power GaAlAs diode laser and topical glutaraldehyde- based desensitizing agent on DH. |
GaAlAs diode LPL (QuantaPulse Pro 904 nm - Superpulsed, Rikta, Kvantmed, Russia) |
The cervical area was irradiated with a low-level GaAlAs laser emitting a wavelength of 904nm. The cone tip (convergent beam) was used as close as possible to the tooth surface without contact, resulting in a spot size of 0.8cm2. The laser beam was directed perpendicular to the tooth surface at three points: one apical and two cervical (one mesiobuccal and one distobuccal). Each area was irradiated for 1min (total of 3min per tooth). An average power of 60mW at 4000Hz was used and 9J/cm2 of flow was received by each tooth. |
There was a significant reduction in pain in both groups when compared to baseline at 3-month follow-up. However, the GaAlAs laser group showed a significant decrease in mean VAS scores when compared to the topical glutaraldehyde-based desensitizer group at one week and three months follow-up. |
| Soares et al.2727 Soares ML, Porciuncula GB, Lucena MI, Gueiros LA, Leao JC, Carvalho AA. Efficacy of Nd:YAG and GaAlAs lasers in comparison to 2% fluoride gel for the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. Gen Dent. 2016;64(6):66-70.
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Compare the efficacy of Nd:YAG laser and GaAlAs laser as well as 2% fluoride gel in the treatment of DH. |
GaAlAs (Photon Lase III, DMC USA) and Nd:YAG laser (Fidelis Plus III, Fotona LLC) |
The Nd:YAG laser was administered perpendicular to the cervical surface at a distance of 0.5 cm under 1W and 10Hz for 60 seconds. The GaAlAs laser was administered at 40 mW and 4J/cm2 with an area of 0.028cm2. The laser was applied for 15 seconds per point at 4 points (mesial, medial, distal and apical surfaces) for a total of 60s; |
The results showed that fluoride application, Nd:YAG laser and GaAlAs laser were effective in treating DH at the 7-day post treatment evaluation. No statistically significant differences were found between the 2 lasers, but both lasers were more effective than fluoride application. |
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VAS = visual analog scale; OHIP = Oral Health Impact Profile; DHEQ = Dentine Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire