Diagnosis of temporomandibular dysfunction subtypes in a population seeking specialized care

Silva, Ludmila Maria Alves e; Nobre, Luciana e Silva; Rodrigues, Luciane Lacerda Franco Rocha; Valadas, Lidia Audrey Rocha; Leite, Thiago Bezerra; Guimarães, António Sérgio

doi:10.5935/2595-0118.20230008-en

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • BrJP 6 (1) • Jan-Mar 2023 • https://doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20230008-en copy

Diagnosis of temporomandibular dysfunction subtypes in a population seeking specialized care

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The goal of the present study was to assess the frequency of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) subtypes in individuals that search for specialized care, identifying the subtypes of TMD, muscular and/or articular, in addition to relating each subtype with variables such as gender and age.

METHODS:

In this context, after a screening, 270 individuals, aged between 18 and 70 years, were selected. All data were acquired using the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) instrument.

RESULTS:

Among the 267 patients, 88.7% (n = 237) were female and 11.3% (n = 30) were male, with a mean age of 42±11.8 years. In this study, the predominance of joint/muscle TMD was evidenced (51.7%; n = 138), followed by only muscle TMD (47.5%; n = 127) and lastly, joint TMD (0.8%; n = 2). Important correlations (p>0.05) were not identified when comparing TMD subtypes with the variables gender and age, according to chi-square test. By relating the diagnosis to the TMD subtype, it was evidenced that bilateral myalgia was the most prevalent in muscle TMD (n = 100; 37.4%) and articular/muscular (n = 112; 41.9%). The other variables did not show significant statistics, neither moderate nor strong correlation.

CONCLUSION:

In this research, all TMD subtypes were found, with a clear predominance of joint/muscle type of TMD, followed by muscle only, especially in females aged between 39 and 48 years.

Keywords:
Diagnosis; Prevalence; Temporomandibular joint disorders

HIGHLIGHTS

The predominant type of TMD was joint/muscular.

More frequent in female individuals.

Individuals between the ages of 39 and 48 were more affected.

Variables	n	%	p-value
Gender			< 0.05
Female	237	88.7
Male	30	11.3
Age (years)
Up to 28	41	15.3%	< 0.05
29 to 38	51	19.1%
39 to 48	72	27.0%
49 to 58	67	25.1%
59 to 58	31	11.6%
69 to 78	5	1.9%

	Type of TMD			rr	p-value
Variables	Muscular	Articular	Articular/ Muscular	rr	p-value
Myalgia
Right	6 (2.2%)	0	3 (1.1%)	-0.02	0.77
Left	6 (2.2%)	0	5 (1.8%)
Bilateral	100 (37.4%)	0	112 (41.9%)
None	14 (5.2%)	1 (0.3%)	22 (8.2%)
Local myalgia
Right	1 (0.3%)	0	0	-0.03	0.58
Left	3 (1.1%)	0	3 (1.1%)
Bilateral	120 (45%)	1 (0.3%)	138 (51.6%)
None

	Type of TMD			r	p-value
Variables	Muscular	Articular	Articular/ Muscular	r	p-value
Myofascial pain with spreading
Right	10 (37%)	0	18 (6.7%)	0.14	0.02
Left	14 (5.2%)	0	14 (5.2%)
Bilateral	40 (15.0%)	0	64 (23.9%)
None	58 (21.7%)	1 (0.3%)	47 (17.6%)
Myofascial pain with referral
Right	11 (4.1%)	0	15 (5.6%)	0.07	0.28
Left	3 (1.1%)	0	9 (3.3%)
Bilateral	5 (1.8%)	0	6 (2.2%)
None	104 (39%)	1 (0.4%)	112 (42%)

	Type of TMD			r	p-value
Variables	Muscular	Articular	Articular/ Muscular	r	p-value
Headache attributed to TMD
Right	12 (4.5%)	0	16 (6.0%)	0.06	0.29
Left	11 (4.1%)	0	20 (7.5%)
Bilateral	63 (23.6%)	0	79 (29.5%)
None	37 (13.8%)	1 (0.3%)	30 (11.2%)

	Type of TMD			r	p-value
Variables	Muscular	Articular	Articular/ Muscular	r	p-value
DDwR
Right	1 (0.3%)	0	25 (9.3%)	0.81	0.00
Left	2 (0.75%)	0	25 (9.3%)
Bilateral	2 (0.75%)	1 (0.3%)	76 (28.4%)
None	119 (44.5%)	0	16 (5.9%)
DDwR with intermittent locking
Right	0	0	1 (0.3%)	0.10	0.10
Bilateral	0	0	2 (0.75%)
None	121 (45.3%)	1 (0.3%)	141 (52.8%)

	Type of TMD			r	p-value
Variables	Muscular	Articular	Articular/ Muscular	r	p-value
DDwoR with limited mouth opening
Left	0	0	3 (1.1%)	0.01	0.10
None	121 (45.3%)	1(0.3%)	139 (52.0%)	0.01	0.10
DDwoR without limited mouth opening
Left	0	1 (0.3%)	0	0.01	0.89
None	127 (47.5%)	1 (0.3%)	139 (52.0%)	0.01	0.89

	Type of TMD			r	p-value
Variables	Muscular	Articular	Articular/ Muscular	r	p-value
Degenerative diseases
Right	0	0	6 (2.2%)	0.26	0.00
Left	0	0	3 (1.1%)
Bilateral	1 (0.3%)	1	14 (5.2%)
None	122 (45.7%)	(0.43%)	120 (45.0%)

	Type of TMD			r	p-value
Variables	Muscular	Articular	Articular/ Muscular	r	p-value
Arthralgia
Right	7 (2.6%)	0	15 (5.6%)	0.18	0.00
Left	15 (5.6%)	0	24 (8.9%)
Bilateral	49 (18.3%)	0	78 (29.2%)
None	51 (19.1%)	1 (0.3%)	27 (10.1%)

Sociedade Brasileira para o Estudo da Dor Av. Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves, 937 Cj2 - Vila Mariana, CEP: 04014-012, São Paulo, SP - Brasil, Telefones: , (55) 11 5904-2881/3959 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: dor@dor.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Correspondence to: Lidia Audrey Rocha Valadas E-mail:lidiavaladas@gmail.com