Paprika and/or marigold extracts improve productivity and yolk color in egg-laying quails

Oliveira, Higor Castro; Oliveira, Maria Cristina de; Arantes, Uilcimar Martins; Argyri, Early Theodoro Alves de

doi:10.1590/1809-6891v21e-53048

Brasil

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Zootecnia • Ciênc. anim. bras. 21 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v21e-53048 linkcopy

Paprika and/or marigold extracts improve productivity and yolk color in egg-laying quails

Extratos de páprica e/ou marigold melhora produtividade e cor de gema em codornas de postura

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of paprika and marigold extracts on the productivity of Japanese quails, quality and sensorial analysis of eggs. Japanese quails were allocated in a completely randomized design and factorial arrangement 2 × 2 + 1, and four replicates. Diets were formulated based on: 1) corn (control), and 2) sorghum (S) without pigments, 3) S + 0.06% paprika extract (PE), 4) S + 0.01% marigold extract (ME), and 5) S + 0.06% PE and 0.01% ME. There was no effect of the control and factorial interaction on feed intake, egg-laying rate, or egg mass; however, the feed: gain ratio was lower among quail fed with diets containing both extracts. The inclusion of PE and ME in the diets improved the feed: gain ratio and yolk color; the inclusion of PE reduced the feed intake and specific weight of the eggs. Compared to the control, treatments based on sorghum or sorghum + PE led to a difference in egg taste and yolk color in the sensorial visit the website to get the how analysis. It was concluded that paprika and marigold extracts could be included in quail diets because of improvements in feed: gain ratio and yolk color.

Key words: feed additives; poultry feeding; yolk pigmentation

Ingredients (kg)	Control (corn)	Sorghum-based diets (S)
Ingredients (kg)	Control (corn)	S	S + PE	S + ME	S + PE + ME
Ground corn	51.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Soybean meal	35.37	34.29	34.29	34.29	34.29
Soybean oil	3.75	5.39	5.39	5.39	5.39
Ground sorghum	0.00	50.30	50.30	50.30	50.30
Paprika extract¹ 1 Each kg contain: concentrated extract of paprika oleoresin, silica, calcium carbonate, wheat bran, ethoxyquin. Guarantee level: 5 g/kg xanthophyll.	0.00	0.00	0.06	0.00	0.06
Marigold extract² 2 Each kg contain saponified marigold oleoresin, colloidal silica, calcium carbonate, ethoxyquin. Guarantee level: 20 g/kg xanthophyll.	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.01
Dicalcium phosphate	1.18	1.14	1.14	1.14	1.14
Limestone	7.18	7.22	7.22	7.22	7.22
DL-methionine 99%	0.28	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.37
L-lysine 78.8%	0.13	0.18	0.18	0.18	0.18
Common salt	0.34	0.34	0.34	0.34	0.34
Vitaminic supplement³ 3 Each kg contain: vit A 2000000 Ul; vit D3 5000000 Ul; vit E 40500 Ul; vit K3 4800 mg; vit B12 28000 mcg; niacin 87000 mg; pantothenic acid 29000 mg; folic acid 1600 mg; thiamine 3600 mg; riboflavin 12000 mg; pyridoxine 6000 mg; biotin 60 mg.	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20
Washed sand	0.07	0.07	0.01	0.06	0.00
Mineral supplement⁴ 4 Each kg contain: Cu 16000 mg; Fe 200000 mg; I 1200 mg; Mn 240 g; Se 200 mg; Zn 160000 mg; Mg 200 mg.	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
Total	100	100	100	100	100
		Calculated composition⁵ 5 According to Rostagno et al.(13).
Crude protein (%)	19.9	19.9	19.9	19.9	19.9
Metabolizable energy (kcal/kg)	2851	2851	2851	2851	2851
Calcium (%)	3.10	3.10	3.10	3.10	3.10
Available phosphorus (%)	0.33	0.33	0.33	0.33	0.33
Sodium (%)	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15
Total lysine (%)	1.12	1.12	1.12	1.12	1.12
Total methionine (%)	0.55	0.54	0.54	0.54	0.54
Total methionine+cystine (%)	1.91	0.89	0.89	0.89	0.89

Treatment	Daily feed intake (g/day)	Feed:gain ratio (kg/kg)	Feed:gain ratio (kg/doz)	Laying rate (%)	Egg mass (g/bird/day)
Control (C)	32.77	3.34	0.49	80.07	9.79
	Effect of paprika extract levels (%)
0.0	37.82^a	3.37	0.48	89.08	10.74
0.06	32.62^b	3.17	0.46	85.61	10.41
	Effect of marigold extract levels (%)
0.0	35.93	3.32	0.48	85.25	10.34
0.01	34.52	3.21	0.47	89.44	10.81 levels
	Effect of paprika and marigold extract interaction
0.0 x 0.0	34.95	3.21^a	0.45^a	88.52	11.65
0.06 x0.0	32.38	3.21^a	0.47^a	81.99	10.04
0.0 x 0.01	36.32	3.34^a	0.49^a	89.64	10.83
0.06 x 0.01	29.31	2.74^b^* * Means followed by an asterisk differ from the control treatment as shown by Dunnetts test.	0.39^b^* * Means followed by an asterisk differ from the control treatment as shown by Dunnetts test.	89.24	10.79
	Standard error of the mean
	1.29	0.10	0.02	5.46	0.67
	p value
C x Factorial	0.161	0.040	0.006	0.155	0.358
PE	0.010	0.019	0.047	0.256	0.269
ME	0.450	0.157	0.322	0.909	0.960
PE x ME	0.065	0.020	0.008	0.217	0.291

Treatment	EW (g)	YP (%)	YH (mm)	YD (mm)	YI	YC	AP (%)	AH (mm)	AD (mm)	AI	ESP (%)	EST (mm)	SW (g/cm³)	Egg PH
Control (C)	12.21	31.42	7.50	20.83	0.360	5.83	60.38	1.16	42.16	0.028	8.19	0.226	1,069	8.33
	Effect of the paprika extract levels (%)
0	11.90	31.09	7.50	20.62	0.365	3.62^b	60.64	1.18	40.93	0.029	8.26	0.232	1,068	8.00
0.06	12.21	30.54	7.68	20.37	0.377	4.37^a	61.22	1.31	43.25	0.030	8.25	0.233	1,067	7.87
	Effect of the marigold extract levels (%)
0	12.00	30.28	7.62	20.37	0.375	3.63^b	61.23	1.12	41.56	0.033	8.50	0.234	1,067	7.75
0.01	12.11	31.35	7.56	20.63	0.367	4.38^* * Means followed by an different letters in a row differ as shown by TukeVs test.	60.63	1.37	42.62	0.026	8.01	0.231	1,068	8.12
	Effect of the interaction paprika e marigold extracts
0x0	11.71	30.69	7.50	20.38	0.370	3.25^* * Means followed by an different letters in a row differ as shown by TukeVs test.	60.77	1.25	40.25	0.029	8.55	0.236	1,069^a	8.00
0.06 x 0	12.29	29.86	7.75	20.38	0.381	4.00^* * Means followed by an different letters in a row differ as shown by TukeVs test.	61.68	1.62	42.87	0.037	8.45	0.233	1,065^b	7.50
0 x 0.01	12.09	31.50	7.50	20.87	0.359	4.00^* * Means followed by an different letters in a row differ as shown by TukeVs test.	60.52	1.25	41.62	0.030	7.97	0.227	1,067^a	8.00
0.06 x 0.01	12.13	31.21	7.63	20.37	0.374	4.75	60.75	1.00	43.62	0.023	8.04	0.235	1,069^a	8.25
	Standard error of the mean
	0.18	1.05	0.27	0.53	0.02	0.42	1.09	0.25	1.94	0.005	0.22	0.009	0,001	0.49
	p value
Cx Factorial	0.254	0.796	0.950	0.912	0.872	0.002	0.925	0.495	0.780	0.571	0.355	0.929	0,125	0.493
PE	0.134	0.626	0.525	0.675	0.497	0.016	0.639	0.657	0.288	0.921	0.961	0.851	0,287	0.662
ME	0.587	0.358	0.831	0.675	0.648	0.016	0.627	0.380	0.619	0.324	0.076	0.755	0,492	0.205
PExME	0.169	0.816	0.831	0.675	0.914	0.997	0.774	0.197	0.883	0.257	0.741	0.593	0,026	0.204

Treatments	Egg taste				Yolk color
Treatments	Answer profile¹ 1 Number of tasters that detected no difference (0), slight difference (1), moderate difference (3), and intense difference (5).				Answer profile¹ 1 Number of tasters that detected no difference (0), slight difference (1), moderate difference (3), and intense difference (5).
Diets with corn	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Diets with sorghum (S)	12	25	10	1	2	23	13	10
S + 0.06% PE	11	19	15	3	4	9	23	12
S + 0.01% ME	10	17	16	5	4	21	19	4
S + 0.06% PE+ 0.01% ME	15	11	16	6	14	15	9	10

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Universidade Federal de Goiás Universidade Federal de Goiás, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus II, Caixa Postal 131, CEP: 74001-970, Tel.: (55 62) 3521-1568, Fax: (55 62) 3521-1566 - Goiânia - GO - Brazil
E-mail: revistacab@gmail.com

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[TFN1] ¹
Each kg contain: concentrated extract of paprika oleoresin, silica, calcium carbonate, wheat bran, ethoxyquin. Guarantee level: 5 g/kg xanthophyll.

[TFN2] ²
Each kg contain saponified marigold oleoresin, colloidal silica, calcium carbonate, ethoxyquin. Guarantee level: 20 g/kg xanthophyll.

[TFN3] ³
Each kg contain: vit A 2000000 Ul; vit D₃ 5000000 Ul; vit E 40500 Ul; vit K₃ 4800 mg; vit B₁₂ 28000 mcg; niacin 87000 mg; pantothenic acid 29000 mg; folic acid 1600 mg; thiamine 3600 mg; riboflavin 12000 mg; pyridoxine 6000 mg; biotin 60 mg.

[TFN4] ⁴
Each kg contain: Cu 16000 mg; Fe 200000 mg; I 1200 mg; Mn 240 g; Se 200 mg; Zn 160000 mg; Mg 200 mg.

[TFN5] ⁵
According to Rostagno et al.¹³.