Association of visual scores with reproductive traits in Nelore cattle using Bayesian Inference

Soares, Byanka Bueno; Brunes, Ludmilla Costa; Baldi, Fernando Sebastian; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; Narciso, Marcelo Gonçalves; Magnabosco, Valentina Sanches; Sainz, Roberto Daniel; Magnabosco, Cláudio Ulhoa

doi:10.1590/1809-6891v24e-75081E

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Animal science / Research article • Cienc. anim. bras. 24 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v24e-75081E linkcopy

Association of visual scores with reproductive traits in Nelore cattle using Bayesian Inference

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The use of morphological traits assessed using visual scores as indirect selection criteria in cattle has the advantage of evaluating young animals regarding potential productive and reproductive performance. This enables breeders to make earlier decisions compared to later measurements, such as scrotal circumference at 450 days (SC450) and stayability (STAY). The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters for visual score traits and their associations with reproductive traits: scrotal circumference at 365 days of age (SC365), SC450, STAY, probability of precocious calving (PPC30) and age at first calving (AFC) in Nellore cattle. Visual score data from 4,175 Nellore cattle, with an average age of 22 months, and reproductive data from 3,075 cattle belonging to the HoRa Genetics Provada herd were used. The morphological traits were evaluated by the MERCOS methodology. The heritability estimates obtained ranged from 0.15 to 0.28 for visual scores and 0.10 to 0.54 for reproductive traits. Genetic correlations between visual scores and reproductive traits were generally low, except between: muscularity and PPC30; structure and STAY; racial and SC450; conformation and SC365, SC450, STAY, and AFC; navel and STAY and AFC; and sacrum and SC365, STAY, and AFC, which were moderate to high. The identification of animals with flat sacral bone (not protruding or sloping) can also be an efficient characteristic in the identification for early pregnancy, and together with the musculature score, they can be related to animals with lower age at the first calving.

Keywords: beef cattle; genetic association; morphological traits; sexual precocity; stayability

Traits	Visual Scores
Traits	1	2	3*¹	4	5*²
Muscularity	0.00	12.81	40.12	43.55	3.53
Physical structure	0.00	8.98	55.13	35.00	0.89
Racial aspects	3.26	31.57	48.77	16.02	0.38
Conformation	0.72	20.17	48.60	29.58	0.93
Navel	1.44	25.65	64.43	7.95	0.53
Sacrum	11.71	79.90	8.38	---	---

Traits	Nº	Sires	Cows	Min.	Max.	Median	Mode	SD	CV (%)	Nº CG	Average of CG
SC365 (cm)	1065	55	930	18	29	22.37	21.00	1.90	8.51	9	57
SC450 (cm)	1053	55	898	19	35	26.40	25.60	2.58	9.79	7	69
STAY	932	58	781	1	2	1.45	2.00	0.50	34.32	12	29
PPC30 (meses)	2102	74	1601	1	2	1.19	1.00	0.39	32.97	18	53
AFC (meses)	3075	103	2380	21	39	33.59	34.00	3.72	11.06	22	60
M	4170	101	3066	2	5	2.38	4.00	0.75	31.52	23	182
PS	4154	101	3055	2	5	2.28	3.00	0.63	27.70	23	182
R	4175	101	3069	1	5	2.79	3.00	0.76	27.24	23	182
C	4175	101	3069	1	5	3.10	3.00	0.74	24.02	23	182
N	4175	101	3069	1	5	2.80	3.00	0.61	21.88	23	182
SAC	4175	101	3069	1	3	1.97	2.00	0.45	22.73	23	182

Parameter	Mean ± SD	Mode	Median	CI (95%)
σ²a SC365	1.24±0.01	1.11	1.20	0.67-1.99
σ²e SC365	1.71±0.01	1.76	1.73	1.15-2.17
σ²p SC365	2.58±0.02	2.51	2.56	1.60-3.64
h²d SC365	0.50±0.01	0.47	0.49	0.46-0.55
σ²a SC450	3.01±0.01	2.87	2.96	1.76-4.59
σ²e SC450	2.69±0.01	2.77	2.72	1.55-3.65
σ²p SC450	5.70±0.01	5.64	5.67	3.32-8.24
h²d SC45	0.53±0.01	0.51	0.52	0.53-0.55
σ²a STAY	0.63±0.14	0.38	0.51	0.13-1.80
σ²e STAY	1.00±0.01	1.00	1.00	0.94-1.06
σ²p STAY	1.63±0.07	1.38	1.52	1.07-2.87
h²d STAY	0.38±0.02	0.27	0.34	0.12-0.61
σ²a PPC30	1.23±0.20	0.81	1.07	0.39-2.93
σ²e PPC30	1.00±0.01	1.00	1.00	0.94-1.07
σ²p PPC30	2.23±0.10	1.81	2.07	1.33-4.00
h²d PPC30	0.54±0.02	0.44	0.51	0.29-0.73
σ²a AFC	0.71±0.01	0.64	0.69	0.30-1.22
σ²e AFC	6.70±0.01	6.68	6.70	6.16-7.22
σ²p AFC	7.41±0.01	7.32	7.39	6.45-8.44
h²d AFC	0.10±0.01	0.09	0.09	0.05-0.14
σ²a M	0.06±0.01	0.06	0.06	0.03-0.09
σ²e M	0.23±0.01	0.20	0.22	0.15-0.35
σ²p M	0.29±0.02	0.26	0.28	0.19-0.45
h²d M	0.21±0.01	0.23	0.22	0.19-0.20
σ²a PS	0.05±0.01	0.05	0.05	0.03-0.07
σ²e PS	0.14±0.01	0.13	0.13	0.10-0.18
σ²p PS	0.19±0.02	0.18	0.19	0.13-0.26
h²d PS	0.28±0.01	0.28	0.28	0.24-0.27
σ²a R	0.02±0.01	0.02	0.02	0.01-0.03
σ²e R	0.06±0.01	0.05	0.06	0.04-0.12
σ²p R	0.08±0.02	0.08	0.08	0.06-0.16
h²d R	0.25±0.01	0,29	0.27	0.25-0.21
σ²a C	0.02±0.01	0.02	0.02	0.00-0.02
σ²e C	0.06±0.01	0.06	0.06	0.05-0.08
σ²p C	0.08±0.02	0.01	0.02	0.01-0.03
h²d C	0.25±0.01	0.29	0.27	0.24-0.22
σ²a N	0.004±0.01	0.004	0.004	0.00-0.05
σ²e N	0.02±0.01	0.02	0.02	0.01-0.03
σ²p N	0.03±0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02-0.04
h²d N	0.15±0.01	0.16	0.16	0.12-0.14
σ²a SAC	0.03±0.01	0.02	0.03	0.01-0.04
σ²e SAC	0.12±0.01	0.12	0.12	0.10-0.13
σ²p SAC	0.15±0.02	0.15	0.15	0.12-0.18
h²d SAC	0.18±0.01	0.17	0.18	0.11-0.24

Parameters	Genetic Correlations				Residual Correlations	Phenotypic Correlations
Parameters	Mean ± SD	Mode	Median	CI (95%)	Residual Correlations	Phenotypic Correlations
M x SC365	0.15±0.18	0.18	0.16	(-0.21)-0.48	0.20	0.21
M x SC450	0.03±0.18	-0.04	0.00	(-0.33)-0.35	0.27	0.09
M x STAY	-0.06±0.24	-0.03	-0.05	(-0.52)-0.43	-0.22	-0.08
M x PPC30	-0.22±0.22	-0.25	-0.23	(-0.62)-0.22	0.23	-0.02
M x AFC	0.14±0.20	0.18	0.16	(-0.27)-0.53	-0.09	-0.01
PS x SC365	0.13±0.19	0.13	0.14	(-0.23)-0.49	0.11	0.12
PS x SC450	0.14±0.18	0.14	0.15	(-0.23)-0.47	0.16	0.08
PS x STAY	0.21±0.29	0.26	0.24	(-0.46)-0.68	-0.18	-0.08
PS x PPC30	0.17±0.32	0.18	0.16	(-0.39)-0.91	0.26	0
PS x AFC	-0.09±0.25	-0.09	-0.09	(-0.58)-0.42	-0.07	0.01
R x SC365	-0.16±0.19	-0.15	-0.16	(-0.51)-0.22	0.13	0.03
R x SC450	-0.25±0.17	-0.24	-0.26	(-0.55)-0.08	0.29	0.07
R x STAY	-0.16±0.28	-0.22	-0.17	(-0.64)-0.45	-0.06	0.06
R x PPC30	-0.14±0.21	-0.19	-0.15	(-0.55)-0.26	0.19	0.02
R x AFC	-0.18±0.23	-0.16	-0.17	(-0.61)-0.23	-0.04	-0.03
C x SC365	0.25±0.22	0.26	0.26	(-0.23)-0.64	-0.03	0.14
C x SC450	0.04±0.19	0.03	0.04	(-0.32)-0.42	0.13	0.18
C x STAY	0.36±0.25	0.66	0.37	(-0.12)-0.74	-0.28	0.11
C x PPC30	0.19±0.22	0.26	0.20	(-0.23)-0.60	-0.17	0.11
C x AFC	-0.20±0.28	-0.17	-0.19	(-0.72)-0.31	0.05	-0.10
N x SC365	0.08±0.21	0.06	0.08	(-0.32)-0.49	0.15	0.09
N x SC450	-0.06±0.18	-0.10	-0.06	(-0.41)-0.32	0.15	0.00
N x STAY	-0.25±0.29	-0.22	-0.26	(-0.78)-0.35	0.09	0.01
N x PPC30	-0.06±0.29	0.01	-0.05	(-0.59)-0.47	-0.36	0.03
N x AFC	-0.24±0.27	-0.29	-0.25	(-0.72)-0.26	0.05	-0.04
SAC x SC365	-0.10±0.22	-0.12	-0.10	(-0.54)-0.32	0.22	0.10
SAC x SC450	-0.25±0.19	-0.22	-0.24	(-0.60)-0.11	0.31	0.03
SAC x STAY	0.66±0.31	0.94	0.75	(-0.08)-0.99	-0.35	0.20
SAC x PPC30	-0.55±0.23	-0.46	-0.54	(-0.91)-(-0.07)	0.07	0.17
SAC x AFC	0.08±0.28	0.04	0.07	(-0.46)-0.63	0.03	-0.21

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Universidade Federal de Goiás Universidade Federal de Goiás, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus II, Caixa Postal 131, CEP: 74001-970, Tel.: (55 62) 3521-1568, Fax: (55 62) 3521-1566 - Goiânia - GO - Brazil
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[TFN1] ^*1
Ideal score for omphalos (navel) and sacrum; *2 Ideal score for muscularity, physical structure, racial aspects and conformation.