Clinical epidemiological profile and survival of hospital cases of acute leukemia in a reference hospital in Rio Branco – Acre, 2007-2014

Abstract

Background

The High Complexity Oncology Unit (Unidade de Assistência de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia - UNACON/Acre) allowed the treatment of acute leukemias in Acre.

Objective

To determine the clinical-epidemiological profile and hospital survival of acute leukemias treated at UNACON/Acre between 2007 and 2014.

Method

This is a longitudinal, retrospective study of patients with acute leukemias between 06/15/2007 and 12/31/2014 whose medical records provided data for descriptive analysis of the variables, and subsequent analysis of 1-year and 2-year cumulative survival (Kaplan Meier method) and comparison of survival curves (log-rank test).

Results

The survival for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was 30 and 32% at 1 and 2 years, respectively, with a worse survival rate for males, white, age ≥20 years, leukometry <20,000 cells/mm³, lactic dehydrogenase ≥600 U/dl and subtype different from M3. For acute lymphoid leukemias (ALL), survival was 59 and 45% at 1 and 2 years, respectively. Female gender, age ≥20 years, and high leukometry had worse survival. For patients <20 years with ALL, better survival was observed in the age group of 2-9 years.

Conclusion

This is the first epidemiological study of survival in Acre for acute leukemias with results consistent with the literature. However, new studies should be performed.

Keywords:
acute leukemias; hospital survival; Kaplan-Meier; Acre