Inheritance of resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> ear rot in popcorn

Schwantes, Ismael Albino; Amaral Júnior, Antonio Teixeira do; Vivas, Marcelo; Almeida Filho, Janeo Eustáquio de; Kamphorst, Samuel Henrique; Guimarães, Amanda Gonçalves; Khan, Shahid

doi:10.1590/1984-70332018v18n1a11

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 18 (1) • Jan-Mar 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332018v18n1a11 copy

Inheritance of resistance to Fusarium ear rot in popcorn

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

To date, no studies on the inheritance of Fusarium spp. ear rot resistance in popcorn are available. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the additive-dominance model to estimate the genetic components of variance, heritability and the inheritance pattern in a diallel for popcorn, by Hayman’s approach. The experiment was carried out in two environments, using eight parent lines. The following traits were measured: grain yield (GY), popping expansion (PE), incidence of ears infected by Fusarium (FusIE), total number of kernels infected by fungi (FunIK) and total number of kernels infected by Fusarium spp. (FusIK). The results indicated that the incidence of FusIK (Fusarium-infected kernels), FunIK (fungus-infected kernels), and FusIE (Fusarium-infected ears) is controlled by dominant genes. Parent L77 had a high number of favorable alleles for all resistance-related traits, as well as for PE. The strategy recommended for reduction of FunIK, FusIK, and FusIE consists of exploiting hetorosis using inbred lines with favorable alleles.

Key words:
Genetic information; diallel crosses; additive-dominance model

	Regression	Axis rotation
Trait	t (H₀: b=1) + p value	t (h₀: b=0) + p value
GY	-3.4179(0.01)	-2.2398(0.06)
PE1	2.1869(0.07)	2.642(0.03)
PE2	0.4301(0.68)	0.7311(0.49)
FunIK1	-2.3414(0.05)	-1.0016(0.35)
FunIK2	-1.3767(0.21)	-1.0319(0.34)
FusIK1	-2.3481(0.05)	-1.8183(0.11)
FusIK2	-1.4719(0.19)	-1.1261(0.30)
FusIE1	-0.8218(0.44)	-0.459(0.66)
FusIE2	-1.59(0.16)	-0.7759(0.46)

				Component values ± Standard deviation
C	PE2	FunIK1	FunIK2	FusIK1	FusIK2	FusIE1	FusIE2
Ê	0.25 ± 0.19	0.25 ± 2.06	0.25 ± 5.10	0.25 ± 1.64	0.25 ± 4.94	0.25 ± 1.55	0.25 ± 7.76
$\hat{D}$	37.66±0.59	25.38± 6.20	254.04±15.32	21.16±4.96	253.98±14.83	63.86±4.65	204.01±23.29
${\hat{H}}_{1}$	4.06±1.37	86.04±14.25	268.33±35.23	67.21±11.37	246.65±34.10	53.09±10.70	216.12±53.55
${\hat{H}}_{2}$	3.97±1.19	68.97±12.40	157.44±30.65	56.98±9.89	145.38±29.67	42.06±9.31	130.36±46.49
$\hat{h_{2}}$	-0.08±0.80	184.68±8.31	297.99±20.56	161.39±6.63	274.37±19.90	99.36±6.24	131.30±31.24
$\hat{F}$	-0.49±1.41	32.24±14.65	329.64±36.22	19.74±11.68	316.28±35.05	47.65±11.00	205.97±55.04
$\hat{D} - \hat{H_{1}}$	33.59±1.17	-60.66±12.23	-14.29±30.25	-46.05±9.76	-7.32±29.28	-10.76±9.10	-12.10±45.97
$\hat{V_{r}}$ and $\hat{W_{r}} + \hat{V_{r}}$	0.48	0.91	0.89	0.93	0.90	0.91	0.90
COOR ( $\hat{W_{r}}, \hat{V_{r}}$ )	27.95; 16.42	60.59; 143.24	286.90; 323.70	49.02;112.24	282.7; 314.48	65.98;67.90	279.49;382.42
COOR ( $\hat{W_{D}}, \hat{V_{D}}$ )	11.43;3.44	4.08;0.65	2.14;0.01	-2.12;0.21	7.68;0.23	4.42;0.30	13.81;0.93

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Fitotecnia, 36570-000 Viçosa - Minas Gerais/Brasil, Tel.: (55 31)3899-2611, Fax: (55 31)3899-2611 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
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[1] *Corresponding author: E-mail: ismaelpodolski@hotmail.com

Parameters	PE2	FunIK1	FunIK2	FusIK1	FusIK2	FusIE1	FusIE2
Average degree of dominance	0.3285	1.8411	1.0277	1.7822	0.9854	0.9118	1.0292
Allele distribution - symmetry	0.2442	0.2224	0.1466	0.2191	0.1473	0.1898	0.1507
Dominant / recessive relationship	0.9606	2.0535	4.4242	1.7094	4.4321	2.3852	2.9249
Number of genes with dominance	-0.021	2.6773	1.8926	2.832	1.8872	2.3623	1.0072
Narrow-sense coefficient of determination	0.9389	0.2257	0.2864	0.3081	0.3474	0.5585	0.5606
Broad-sense coefficient of determination	0.9877	0.9889	0.9876	0.9956	0.9955	0.9897	0.9966

G	PE2		FunIK1		FunIK2		FusIK1		FusIK2		FusIE1		FusIE2
G	$\hat{W_{r}} + \hat{V_{r}}$	Mean	$\hat{W_{r}} + \hat{V_{r}}$	Mean	$\hat{W_{r}} + \hat{V_{r}}$	Mean	$\hat{W_{r}} + \hat{V_{r}}$	Mean	$\hat{W_{r}} + \hat{V_{r}}$	Mean	$\hat{W_{r}} + \hat{V_{r}}$	Mean	$\hat{W_{r}} + \hat{V_{r}}$	Mean
L55	22.53	20.50	27.75	15.50	66.59	22.00	21.86	12.50	64.27	20.00	118.80	23.56	109.26	25.78
L61	24.66	33.71	19.37	11.00	93.07	10.00	23.49	11.00	87.48	10.00	11.57	0.00	53.76	0.00
L70	32.19	29.91	10.60	10.00	29.83	12.00	8.06	9.00	27.30	12.00	10.22	5.65	19.05	4.37
L76	30.42	23.00	4.54	7.50	31.93	17.33	9.06	7.50	18.62	13.33	6.35	7.55	89.13	9.58
L77	42.92	31.25	16.19	15.33	13.49	5.33	6.23	10.66	46.99	5.33	18.06	6.34	16.056	8.95
L88	22.28	15.75	33.64	18.50	2.00	18.50	34.35	17.50	9.62	18.50	7.24	10.06	326.43	44.34
P1	30.27	29.58	57.33	22.50	476.19	53.33	45.84	19.50	470.54	53.33	86.74	21.30	108.97	21.74
P8	32.20	31.08	27.30	18.66	30.57	2.00	34.85	18.66	28.60	2.00	41.10	9.23	111.15	11.98