Selection methods to optimize the gain and genetic diversity in Pinus caribaea var. caribaea

We estimated genetic parameters of two Pinus caribaea var. caribaea progeny tests based on growth traits aiming at the identification of the best selection strategy. This study was conducted in two progeny tests located in Selvíria (MS), Brazil. Tests were set up in block design, one with 76 progenies (area 1) and the other with 99 progenies (area 2). Genetic parameters were estimated using the SELEGEN software through REML/BLUP method. To estimate the genetic gain through selection, four selection methods and ten selection intensities were tested. The intensity of selection that maximizes genetic gain and genetic diversity was calculated by the optimization point. Significant variation was observed between and with progeny for all traits in area 2 and only within plots for height in area 1. Higher values of heritability were observed in area 1. Considering the optimization of selection, the best selection method for both areas was the individual.

Keywords:
Tree breeding; genetic parameters; REML/BLUP method; selection intensity

Authorship

Daniele Fernanda Zulian

Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Campus de Ilha Solteira, Avenida Brasil Sul, 56, Centro, 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita FilhoBrazilIlha Solteira, SP, Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Campus de Ilha Solteira, Avenida Brasil Sul, 56, Centro, 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil

Bruno Marchetti de Souza

Darlin Gonzalez

Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Rua Dom Luís Lasanha, 400, Ipiranga, 04266-030, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita FilhoBrazilSão Paulo, SP, Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Rua Dom Luís Lasanha, 400, Ipiranga, 04266-030, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Jose Cambuim

Alexandre Marques da Silva

Patrícia Ferreira Alves

Maria Teresa Gomes Lopes ^** E-mail: mtglopes@hotmail.com

Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 1200, Coroado I, 69067-005, Manaus, AM, Brazil. Universidade Federal do AmazonasBrazilManaus, AM, Brazil Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 1200, Coroado I, 69067-005, Manaus, AM, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1988-7126

Mario Luiz Teixeira de Moraes

Ananda Virginia de Aguiar

Embrapa, Estrada da Ribeira, BR 476, km 111, Parque Monte Castelo, 83411-000, Colombo, PR, BrazilEmbrapaBrazilColombo, PR, Brazil Embrapa, Estrada da Ribeira, BR 476, km 111, Parque Monte Castelo, 83411-000, Colombo, PR, Brazil

* E-mail: mtglopes@hotmail.com

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables | Formulas

Figures (3)
Tables (2)
Formulas (18)

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Figure 1
Estimated genetic gains (GS) and Genetic diversity for P. caribaea var. caribaea (area 1 and 2) considering four different selection methods and 10 intensities (7% to 52%).

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Figure 2
Optimization between genetic gain and genetic diversity considering four selection methods in area 1 of P. caribaea var. caribaea. (a) There was no optimization point for GS and D in selection within progeny; (b) Optimization point for GS and D in progeny selection; (c) Optimization point for GS and D in selection between and within progenies; (d) Optimization point for GS and D in individual selection.

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Figure 3
Optimization between genetic gain and genetic diversity considering four selection methods in area 2 of P. caribaea var. caribaea. (a) There was no optimization point for GS and D in selection within progeny; (b) Optimization point for GS and D in progeny selection. (c) Optimization point for GS and D in selection between and within progenies. (d) Optimization point for GS and D in individual selection.

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Table 1
Estimates of genetic parameters and Deviance analysis (ANADEV) for silvicultural traits in two areas of P. caribaea var. caribaea at 27 and 28 years old, respectively, in Selvíria, MS, Brazil

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Table 2
Selection intensity, number of individuals selected, genetic gain (GS) and genetic diversity (D) at the optimization point of GS and D for each selection method in two P. caribaea var. caribaea progeny tests

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Figure 1 Estimated genetic gains (GS) and Genetic diversity for P. caribaea var. caribaea (area 1 and 2) considering four different selection methods and 10 intensities (7% to 52%).

Figure 2 Optimization between genetic gain and genetic diversity considering four selection methods in area 1 of P. caribaea var. caribaea. (a) There was no optimization point for GS and D in selection within progeny; (b) Optimization point for GS and D in progeny selection; (c) Optimization point for GS and D in selection between and within progenies; (d) Optimization point for GS and D in individual selection.

Figure 3 Optimization between genetic gain and genetic diversity considering four selection methods in area 2 of P. caribaea var. caribaea. (a) There was no optimization point for GS and D in selection within progeny; (b) Optimization point for GS and D in progeny selection. (c) Optimization point for GS and D in selection between and within progenies. (d) Optimization point for GS and D in individual selection.

Table 1 Estimates of genetic parameters and Deviance analysis (ANADEV) for silvicultural traits in two areas of P. caribaea var. caribaea at 27 and 28 years old, respectively, in Selvíria, MS, Brazil

	Area 1			Area 2
Parameter	dbh	Height	Volume	dbh	Height	Volume
µ	30.48	26.62	1.06	31.92	28.81	1.26
$C V g i (%)$	6.21	5.52	12.57	4.66	1.55	7.09
$C V g p (%)$	3.1	2.76	6.28	2.33	0.77	3.55
$C V e (%)$	3.27	6.73	13.94	7.97	6.17	16.36
${\hat{C}}_{p l o t}^{2}$	0.07	0.22	0.05	0.12	0.21	0.09
${C V}_{r}$	0.69	0.63	0.67	0.45	0.21	0.35
${\hat{h}}_{a}^{2}$	0.15±0.08	0.20±0.09	0.11±0.07	0.07±0.04	0.02±0.02	0.03±0.03
${\hat{h}}_{m}^{2}$	0.48	0.4	0.45	0.2	0.05	0.12
${\hat{h}}^{2}$	0.13	0.2	0.09	0.06	0.02	0.024
Effect	LRT
Progeny	2.43	2.43	1.55	0.86	0.05	0.20
Plot	2.76	22.89^**	1.06	25.75^**	64.44^**	13.85^**

dbh: diameter at breast height (in cm); Height (in m); Volume (in m³ tree^-1); µ: phenotypical mean;
CVgi
: coefficient of individual additive genetic variation;
CVgp
: coefficient of genetic variation between progenies;
CVe
: experimental variation coefficient;
C^plot2
: determination coefficient of plot effects;
h^a2
: narrow-sense individual heritability;
h^m2
: progenies mean heritability;
h^2
: within plot additive heritability;
CVr
: relative coefficient of variation;^** Significant at 99% of probability with 1 degree of freedom.

Table 2 Selection intensity, number of individuals selected, genetic gain (GS) and genetic diversity (D) at the optimization point of GS and D for each selection method in two P. caribaea var. caribaea progeny tests

Selection method		Sint (%)	SI	$G S (%)$ $D$
Area 1
Progenies	22.9	174	2.3	0.23
Between and within progenies	30.0	70	3.2	0.32
Individual	18.1	127	3.2	0.32
Area 2
Progenies	14.1	198	1.4	0.14
Between and within progenies	10.0	20	1.1	0.10
Individual	8.1	112	2.0	0.20

Sint: Selection intensity; SI: Selected individuals; D:?

C V g i (%)

C V g p (%)

C V e (%)

{\hat{C}}_{p l o t}^{2}

{C V}_{r}

{\hat{h}}_{a}^{2}

{\hat{h}}_{m}^{2}

{\hat{h}}^{2}

C V g i

C V g p

C V e

{\hat{C}}_{p l o t}^{2}

{\hat{h}}_{a}^{2}

{\hat{h}}_{m}^{2}

{\hat{h}}^{2}

{C V}_{r}

G S (%)

D

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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Fitotecnia, 36570-000 Viçosa - Minas Gerais/Brasil, Tel.: (55 31)3899-2611, Fax: (55 31)3899-2611 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: cbab@ufv.br

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Selection methods to optimize the gain and genetic diversity in Pinus caribaea var. caribaea

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[1] * E-mail: mtglopes@hotmail.com