Performance of potential parents for a rainfed tropical wheat breeding program

Teixeira, Camila Helena; Fernandes, Maiara Oliveira; Chaves, Alan Diego do Rosário; Almeida, Brena Kelly da Silva; Savioli, Giovane Bruno; Martins, Fábio Aurélio Dias; Padua, José; Condé, Aurinelza Batista Teixeira; Nunes, Jose Airton Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/1984-70332023v23n3a29

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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 23 (3) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332023v23n3a29 copy

Performance of potential parents for a rainfed tropical wheat breeding program

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability and performance of the agronomic traits of wheat cultivars in the southern region of Minas Gerais for the purpose of choosing parents for a rainfed wheat breeding program. We evaluated 78 wheat cultivars in two locations in Minas Gerais regarding different agronomic traits. The statistical analyses were carried out using Henderson’s mixed-model approach. The genetic values of the cultivars were predicted, and the heritabilities and accuracies were estimated for selection of cultivars. The cultivar × location interaction was decomposed into its simple and complex fractions. The genetic and environmental correlations between the traits were estimated, and selection was made for multiple traits using the sum of the standardized variables (Z-index). The genetic variance was significant for all the traits, and the cultivar × location interaction was significant. By the Z-index, 15 wheat cultivars more adapted were identified.

Keywords:
Triticum aestivum L.; genotype by environment interaction; genetic variability; index selection

Breeding Program	Cultivars
Biotrigo	FPS Nitron, TBIO Alvorada, TBIO Aton, TBIO Audaz, TBIO Duque, TBIO Iguaçu, TBIO Itaipu, TBIO Mestre, TBIO Sintonia, TBIO Seleto, TBIO Sinuelo, TBIO Sonic, TBIO Sossego, TBIO Tibagi
Coodetec	CD 105, CD 108, CD 1104, CD 111, CD 116, CD 118, CD 122, CD 124, CD 1252, CD 1303, CD 1440, CD 151, CD 1595
Embrapa	BR 18, BRS 208, BRS 210, BRS 220, BRS 229, BRS 264, BRS 296, BRS 331, BRS 394, BRS 404, BRS Angico, BRS Gaivota BRS Gralha Azul, BRS Louro, BRS Pardela, BRS Reponte, BRS Sanhaço, BRS Tangará, Embrapa 22, Embrapa 42
Epamig	Aliança
Fundacep	Fundacep Campo Real, Fundacep Cristalino, Fundacep Horizonte, Fundacep Raízes
IAC	IAC 24, IAC 385 Mojave, IAC 388 Arpoador, IAC 389 Atacama
IAPAR	IAPAR 78, IPR 128, IPR 130, IPR 136, IPR 144, IPR Catuara, IPR Potyporã
OR Sementes	Ametista, Jadeíte 11, ORS 1403, ORS Citrino, ORS DESTAK, ORSFEROZ, ORS GUARDIÃO, ORS Madrepérola, ORSSENNA, Topázio, Valente
OR Sementes/Biotrigo	Mirante, Marfim, Supera
UFV	UFVT 1 Pioneiro

Trait	Location	$σ_{g}^{2}$	$σ_{e}^{2}$	$\bar{Y}$	$r_{\tilde{g} g}$	${C V}_{e}$
Heading (days)	Lavras	16.22*	3.16	53	0.96	3%
Plant height (cm)	Itutinga	23.85*	7.02	87 a¹	0.94	3%
Plant height (cm)	Lavras	7.99*	16.67	71 b	0.75	6%
Hectoliter weight (kg 100 L^-1)	Itutinga	0.09*	0.23	79,6 a	0.72	1%
Hectoliter weight (kg 100 L^-1)	Lavras	1.91*	1.58	78 b	0.87	2%
1000-seed weight (g)	Itutinga	10.30*	2.00	39 a	0.95	4%
1000-seed weight (g)	Lavras	8.52*	1.77	36 b	0.96	4%
Grain yield (kg ha^-1)	Itutinga	49967.95*	183676.7	3739 a	0.62	12%
Grain yield (kg ha^-1)	Lavras	73924.46*	127708.7	1967 b	0.77	18%

Parameter estimates	Plant height (cm)	Hectoliter weight (kg 100 L^-1)	1000-seed weight (g)	Grain yield (kg ha^-1)
$F c$	656.02⁺	46.59⁺	77.40⁺	426.63⁺
$σ_{g}^{2}$	10.65*	0.19	7.66*	25242.73
$σ_{g a}^{2}$	5.88*	0.77*	2.19*	39165.45*
H ²	66%	24%	83%	32%

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Fitotecnia, 36570-000 Viçosa - Minas Gerais/Brasil, Tel.: (55 31)3899-2611, Fax: (55 31)3899-2611 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: cbab@ufv.br

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