Genetic parameters and selection for multiple traits in sorghum for forage purposes

Figueiredo Júnior, José Maurílio Moreira de; Parrella, Rafael Augusto da Costa; Nunes, Jose Airton Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/1984-70332024v24n2a22

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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 24 (2) • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332024v24n2a22 copy

Genetic parameters and selection for multiple traits in sorghum for forage purposes

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

We aimed to estimate genetic parameters and select sorghum lines for forage purposes based on agronomic and chemical traits. A total of 100 inbred lines, comprising the biomass/bmr, biomass, dual purpose (sweet/forage), and forage types, were evaluated in the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 crop years. We analyzed the data using a linear mixed model approach. Genetic variance, line mean-based heritability, selection accuracy, genetic correlation between traits and crops and the coefficient of experimental variation were estimated. The breeding values of the lines were predicted, and the factor analysis and genotype-ideotype distance index based on BLUP (FAI-BLUP) were applied for multi-trait selection. Biomass production and cell wall composition traits were measured. There was genetic variation among the lines, with moderate to high heritability. The lines selected by the FAI-BLUP index resulted in significant genetic gains expected with selection for all traits.

Keywords:
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench; brown midrib; variance components; correlated response; selection gain

Parms	FMY	DM	DMY	NDF	ADF	CEL	HMC	LIG
2020/2021 Crop Year
$σ_{g_{1}}^{2}$	1098.44*	47.84*	86.74*	9.49*	4.67*	2.32*	1.20*	0.60*
$σ_{e_{1}}^{2}$	366.34	13.42	36.68	5.04	2.60	1.55	0.73	0.27
$h_{g}^{2} (%)$	90	91	87	84	84	81	83	86
$r_{\hat{g} g}$	0.94	0.95	0.93	0.91	0.91	0.89	0.90	0.92
Mean	77	32	23	67	42	36	25	6
${C V}_{e}$ (%)	25	11	26	3	4	4	3	8
2021/20222 Crop Year
$σ_{g_{2}}^{2}$	672.95*	13.84*	43.09*	7.49*	9.31*	6.61*	0.64*	0.38*
$σ_{e_{2}}^{2}$	77.96	7.67	9.88	3.65	3.14	2.33	1.44	0.19
$h_{g}^{2} (%)$	96	83	92	85	89	89	55	84
$r_{\hat{g} g}$	0.97	0.91	0.96	0.92	0.94	0.94	0.74	0.91
Mean	71	28	20	67	34	30	32	5
${C V}_{e}$ (%)	12	10	16	3	5	5	4	9
Joint
$σ_{g_{1}}^{2}$	1126.68*	47.56*	88.68*	9.34*	4.65*	2.35*	1.2*	0.59*
${σ_{g}}_{12}$	869.08*	22.77*	61.96*	6.73*	4.07*	2.01*	0.12	0.43*
$σ_{g_{2}}^{2}$	672.62*	13.84*	43.24*	7.67*	9.38*	6.6*	0.67*	0.39*
$σ_{e_{1}}^{2}$	358.75	13.48	35.95	5.04	2.61	1.58	0.72	0.28
$σ_{e_{2}}^{2}$	77.91	7.85	9.90	3.71	3.18	2.30	1.47	0.20
$r_{B}$	1.00*	0.89*	1.00*	0.80*	0.62*	0.51*	0.14	0.90*
$σ_{g c}^{2}$	2593	7.94	3.78	1.75	2.90	2.47	0.80	0.06
% noncrossover	100	64	100	3	14	22	5	20
% crossover	0	36	0	97	86	78	95	80
Mean (Minimum; Maximum)
Biomass	101 (98;103)	29.3 (28.8;30.0)	29.4 (28.4;30.3)	67.9 (67.5;68.3)	39.6 (39.3;39.9)	33.8 (33.6;34.1)	28.5 (28.4;28.6)	5.8 (5.7;5.9)
Biomass/ bmr	62 (54;71)	28.6 (27.0;29.9)	18.0 (15.5;20.5)	66.2 (64.9;67.5)	37.4 (36.4;38.4)	32.5 (31.7;33.3)	28.8 (28.5;29.2)	4.9 (4.6;5.1)
Forage	57 (50;65)	31.0 (29;32.9)	16.3 (14.7;18.0)	66.23 (65.3;67.2)	37.3 (36.6;38.0)	31.8 (31.3;32.3)	28.8 (25.6;29.0)	5.5 (5.3;5.8)
Sweet/ Forage	66	29.1	18.9	64.5	35.7	30.4	28.7	5.3
GS	15	-4	1	-5	-4	-3	-1	-1
GS (%)	20	-14	5	-7	-11	-9	-3	-20

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