This paper aims at focusing on the modern schooling based on some founding references of the Western world. It first explores this modern school project, whose object is to modernize and standardize the classrooms and the educative practices within school both physically and symbolically. Finally, it studies the pedagogical debate about school. People are used to claiming for innovations leading to the social efficiency of the schooling institution. Thus, the image of a universal school was gradually created, which characterizes the occidental modernity.
Education; School; Pedagogy; Instruction; History