This text explores, analytically and empirically, the problem of alienation and (or) estrangement, seeking to help in the intellection of the socio-historical foundations that provide it to flourish within the modern capitalist enterprise. To do so it performs the following movements: first, starting with Marx's seminal theoretical concepts, it attempts to indicate the different forms assumed by the alienaton and (or) estrangement throughout the twentieth century and early twenty-first century, exploring some of its main features. In its second motion, it outlines a phenomenology of subjectivity, exploring, as a hypothesis, the rich analytical possibilities existing in Lukács's mature work, in particular his notions of innocent reification and stranged reification, fertile as clues to understand this social phenomenon in capitalism today.
alienation and estrangement; capitalism and reification; Taylorism; Toyotism and subjectivity