Abstract
The ceramic porcelains are produced from natural raw materials (silica, feldspar and kaolin). In some applications, other materials are added to increase the mechanical and dielectric strength. They are used in the manufacture of several products. Therefore, they are very studied and have been developed for long time. In the work herein porcelains with different compositions were characterized and submitted to fragmentation by mechanical rupture in a ballistic impact test. Generally, the mechanical disruption in the materials produces a power dissipation forming cracks and fracture surfaces having an irregular geometry. The main objective of the work herein was to characterize the microstructure and the fractal fracture surface in porcelains. For comparison, the impact tests were also performed on commercial glass and acrylic. The evaluation of the fracture surface and the fractal dimension of rupture were performed by analyzing the fraction of the fragments as a function of the probability of fracture. The samples were prepared in the form of cylindrical disks with fixed thickness and diameter values. Mechanical impact test was applied on the center of the disks for different materials, maintaining the same test conditions. The results of the size and mass of the fragments were obtained as a function of the impact energy and kind of material. Thus, it was possible to obtain a correlation between the test conditions and the composition of the material and the fractal cracking pattern. It has been found that the compositions used in porcelain presented a fracture toughness which was between the one of the glass and of the acrylic. A correlation between strength properties and the patterns of formed crack was verified. It was noticed that the number, the shape of cracks and the branches formed a pattern that was associated with the impact energy and material type.
Keywords:
porcelain; mechanical rupture; fractal dimension; central impact
