Brewing industry |
Diatomaceous earth waste |
91.02 |
1.23 |
0.59 |
- |
1.99 |
- |
4.40 |
- |
0.73 |
- |
33
33 K.Z. Huanca, A.B. de A. Nunes, Cerâmica 62, 362 (2016) 110.
|
74.61 |
5.48 |
1.45 |
1.32 |
0.48 |
0.12 |
0.73 |
0.30 |
0.54 |
13.40 |
34
34 S. Mateo, M. Cuevas, M.D. La Rubia, D. Eliche-Quesada , Adv. Appl. Ceram. 116, 2 (2016) 77.
|
Ornamental rock industry |
Granite scrap |
66.13 |
15.15 |
1.32 |
1.83 |
3.75 |
3.05 |
3.04 |
- |
- |
7.58 |
35
35 C. Jiang, S. Huang, G. Li, X. Zhang, X. Cheng, Ceram. Int. 44 (2018) 3469.
|
73.77 |
13.37 |
3.92 |
3.52 |
1.38 |
0.23 |
2.57 |
- |
0.14 |
0.64 |
36
36 X. Liu, B. Ma, H. Tan, S. Jian, Z. Lv, P. Chen, T. Zhang, H. Qi, P. Wang, W. Lu, J. Clean. Prod . 278 (2021) 123825.
|
Quartzite waste |
79.62 |
12.43 |
4.44 |
- |
0.63 |
0.95 |
1.11 |
0.13 |
0.69 |
- |
37
37 S.S.L. Oliveira, R.S.B. Ferreira, H.L. Lira , L.N.L. Santana , E.M. Araújo, Mater. Res . 22 (2019) 1.
|
Ceramic industry |
Ceramic tile polishing waste |
68.77 |
21.74 |
2.39 |
2.64 |
1.32 |
1.02 |
0.79 |
0.49 |
0.12 |
0.95 |
38
38 H. Wang, Z. Chen, L. Liu, R. Ji, X. Wang, Ceram. Int . 44 (2018) 10078.
|
Porcelain polishing waste |
64.30 |
17.70 |
1.25 |
3.51 |
1.55 |
2.14 |
0.65 |
0.34 |
- |
0.80 |
39
39 Y. Guo, Y. Zhang, H. Huang, X. Meng, Y. Liu, S. Tu, B. Li, Constr. Build. Mater . 125 (2016) 1093.
|
Porcelain tile polishing residue |
67.10 |
20.50 |
2.40 |
3.00 |
1.80 |
1.40 |
1.70 |
0.70 |
0.70 |
0.50 |
100
100 I.V. de Souza, L.J.J. Nieves, A.G. Dal-Bó, A.M. Bernardin, Clean. Eng. Tech. 6 (2022) 100381.
|
Stoneware polishing residue |
64.10 |
16.50 |
2.10 |
4.40 |
1.40 |
4.60 |
0.50 |
0.50 |
1.90 |
4.00 |
40
40 P.R. Monich, A.R. Romero, E. Rambaldi, E. Bernardo, Constr. Build. Mater . 261 (2020) 119971.
|
Ceramic waste |
78.62 |
10.56 |
1.48 |
3.37 |
0.99 |
0.97 |
1.00 |
- |
- |
2.36 |
41
41 L. Zhu, S. Li, Y. Li, N. Xu, Constr. Build. Mater . 180 (2018) 291.
|
Fired clayey material residue |
47.14 |
28.22 |
0.91 |
4.59 |
1.37 |
1.98 |
11.44 |
- |
- |
3.47 |
35
35 C. Jiang, S. Huang, G. Li, X. Zhang, X. Cheng, Ceram. Int. 44 (2018) 3469.
|
Ceramic sludge |
56.45 |
15.68 |
2.82 |
1.37 |
7.79 |
2.24 |
0.52 |
0.12 |
9.79 |
3.20 |
101
101 H. Arik, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc . 23, 12 (2003) 2005.
|
Porcelain sludge |
66.83 |
16.84 |
1.52 |
0.55 |
2.08 |
1.83 |
1.06 |
- |
0.08 |
9.20 |
42
42 G.H.M.J.S. de Silva, E. Hansamali, Constr. Build. Mater. 228 (2019) 116754.
|
Metallurgical industry |
Chromium slag |
33.78 |
26.33 |
0.22 |
0.18 |
4.99 |
21.67 |
3.75 |
- |
7.95 |
0.17 |
43
43 X. Ge, M. Zhou, H. Wang , Z. Liu, H. Wu, X. Chen, Ceram. Int . 44 (2018) 11888.
|
Nickel smelting slag |
50.97 |
5.02 |
0.18 |
2.59 |
1.36 |
29.97 |
7.76 |
- |
- |
0.95 |
44
44 Q. Wu, Q. Chen, Z. Huang, B. Gu, H. Zhu, L. Tian, Ceram. Int. 46 (2020) 4581.
|
Mining industry |
Germanium tailing |
66.68 |
10.82 |
2.56 |
4.69 |
6.55 |
3.66 |
3.54 |
0.92 |
0.58 |
- |
45
45 Q. Zhang, F. He, H. Shu, Y. Qiao, S. Mei, M. Jin, J. Xie, Constr. Build. Mater. 111 (2016) 105.
|
Lead-zinc mine tailing |
14.30 |
4.52 |
- |
- |
28.0 |
1.72 |
25.09 |
- |
23.67 |
2.61 |
46
46 T. Liu, C. Lin, J. Liu, L. Han, H. Gui, C. Li, X. Zhou, H. Tang, Q. Yang, A. Lu, Ceram. Int. 44 (2018) 14393.
|
Extracted titanium tailing |
21.30 |
8.90 |
- |
0.50 |
35.2 |
9.50 |
2.50 |
11.00 |
11.10 |
- |
47
47 C. Xi, F. Zheng, J. Xu, W. Yang, Y. Peng, Y. Li , P. Li, Q. Zhen, S. Bashir, J. L. Liu , Constr. Build. Mater. 190 (2018) 896.
|
Asbestos tailing |
36.05 |
0.71 |
0.11 |
- |
6.03 |
44.64 |
11.28 |
- |
1.18 |
- |
48
48 W.M. Zheng, H.J. Sun, T.J. Peng, L. Zeng, J. Non Crystal. Solids 517 (2019) 26.
|
31.30 |
0.62 |
0.10 |
- |
5.28 |
38.99 |
8.42 |
- |
0.07 |
14.35 |
49
49 L. Zeng , H. Sun, T. Peng, W. Zheng, Waste Manage . 106 (2020) 184.
|
Vitrified asbestos-containing waste |
35.70 |
7.40 |
0.10 |
<0.05 |
35.1 |
12.60 |
7.00 |
1.50 |
- |
0.60 |
40
40 P.R. Monich, A.R. Romero, E. Rambaldi, E. Bernardo, Constr. Build. Mater . 261 (2020) 119971.
|
Iron tailing |
60.11 |
6.79 |
1.56 |
0.32 |
6.60 |
8.66 |
14.73 |
0.58 |
0.63 |
- |
102
102 R. Li, Y. Zhou, C. Li , S. Li , Z. Huang , Constr. Build. Mater . 213 (2019) 43.
|
Power plant |
Coal fly ash |
52.30 |
28.60 |
0.06 |
0.40 |
5.80 |
1.60 |
4.10 |
- |
2.40 |
4.60 |
96
96 D. Das, N. Kayal, G.A. Marsola, D.G.P. Filho, M.D.M. Innocentini, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc . 40 (2020) 2163.
|
48.49 |
41.20 |
- |
- |
3.31 |
0.20 |
3.37 |
1.30 |
- |
2.13 |
97
97 B. Ma , C. Su, X. Ren, Z. Gao, F. Qian, W. Yang , G. Liu , H. Li, J. Yu, Q. Zhu , J. Alloys Compd. 803 (2019) 981.
|
55.05 |
31.97 |
- |
- |
1.58 |
- |
- |
- |
1.68 |
- |
98
98 M. Fu, J. Liu , X. Dong, L. Zhu , Y. Dong, S. Hampshire, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc . 39 (2019) 5320.
|
High alumina fly ash |
42.59 |
48.27 |
0.56 |
- |
2.14 |
0.41 |
2.36 |
2.41 |
1.26 |
- |
103
103 B. Xia, Z. Wang, L. Gou, M. Zhang, M. Guo, Ceram. Int . 48 (2022) 10472.
|
Others |
Investment casting* waste |
36.20 |
53.30 |
0.90 |
0.40 |
- |
- |
1.70 |
1.40 |
6.10 |
- |
50
50 A.C. Carvalho, F. Raupp-Pereira, J.B. Rodrigues Neto, A.P. Novaes de Oliveira, Cerâmica 61, 359 (2015) 383.
|
Cathode ray tube glass |
58.72 |
3.72 |
5.56 |
7.01 |
4.03 |
3.32 |
- |
- |
17.95 |
- |
45
45 Q. Zhang, F. He, H. Shu, Y. Qiao, S. Mei, M. Jin, J. Xie, Constr. Build. Mater. 111 (2016) 105.
|
Glass waste |
70.95 |
2.16 |
0.02 |
16.76 |
9.60 |
- |
0.10 |
0.05 |
0.03 |
0.33 |
13
13 S. Arcaro, B.G.O. Maia, M.T. Souza, F.R. Cesconeto, L. Granados, A.P.N. De Oliveira, Mater. Res . 19 (2016) 1064.
|
70.00 |
0.90 |
- |
11.50 |
12.7 |
3.90 |
0.40 |
- |
0.60 |
- |
47
47 C. Xi, F. Zheng, J. Xu, W. Yang, Y. Peng, Y. Li , P. Li, Q. Zhen, S. Bashir, J. L. Liu , Constr. Build. Mater. 190 (2018) 896.
|
Silicon kerf waste |
75.01 |
0.09 |
0.02 |
- |
0.50 |
- |
5.27 |
- |
19.13 |
- |
51
51 Y. Han, L. Zhou, Y. Liang, Z. Li, Y. Zhu, Mater. Chem. Phys . 240 (2020) 122248.
|
Coal gangue |
52.70 |
18.10 |
2.51 |
2.00 |
1.57 |
1.50 |
4.77 |
0.75 |
0.76 |
|
99
99 H. Xu, H. Du, L. Kang, Q. Cheng, D. Feng, S. Xia, J. Renew. Mater. 9, 12 (2021) 2129.
|
Coal slime |
58.29 |
23.85 |
2.69 |
1.90 |
3.62 |
1.51 |
4.64 |
0.76 |
1.19 |
|
99
99 H. Xu, H. Du, L. Kang, Q. Cheng, D. Feng, S. Xia, J. Renew. Mater. 9, 12 (2021) 2129.
|