This work is the result of human capital research as an economic growth factor, in which it is developed a critical reflection on human capital theory, it is addressed from the economic theory and the analysis has as a reference the approaches from the Frankfurt School, especially in what has to do with the use from perspective of rationality. From the methodological point of view it is a qualitative research, based on a process of interpretive and hermeneutic understanding of historical type, the method responds to an objective description, interpretation, argument for moving towards the understanding of the thematic studied in a dialectical process. As a result of the research process an analysis of the instrumentalization of education, training, work capacity and health status of man is made, and even of your own self, which are considered of the same nature as a machine and are reified to be converted into commercial goods sold in the market, which determines the possibility of placing a paid market productivity of a particular type of work, human action itself and the development of their superior capacities that should allow contribute to achieve a better society and a better life.
Human capital; Critical Theory; Instrumental Rationality; Economic Growth; Education.