FEASIBILITY OF REUSING PFF2 RESPIRATORS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BRAZIL: QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Schneider, Daniela Silva dos Santos; Magalhães, Ana Maria Müller de; Oliveira, João Lucas Campos de; Tanaka, Ana Karina Silva da Rocha

doi:10.1590/ce.v29i0.95906

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Cogit. Enferm. 29 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/ce.v29i0.95906 copy

FEASIBILITY OF REUSING PFF2 RESPIRATORS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BRAZIL: QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY^* * Article extracted from the doctoral thesis: “VIABILIDADE E CUSTO-BENEFÍCIO NO REÚSO DE RESPIRADORES PFF2 DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: UM ESTUDO MULTIMÉTODOS”, Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 2023.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

Evaluate the feasibility of decontaminating PFF2 respirators in pandemic situations.

Method:

Quasi-experiment in a public hospital in South Brazil between April and June 2021. The sample consisted of PFF2 respirators used for six and 42 hours in the intensive care unit, divided into groups (usage time and types of intervention) and a control group. They were evaluated for resistance, integrity, and flammability. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to compare multiple groups to verify whether the respirator remained safe after decontamination, among the different treatments and the mask usage time.

Results:

There was a significant difference in filter efficiency (p=0.002) and resistance (p<=0.001) between PFF2. Decontaminations did not influence integrity when their interaction with usage time was evaluated.

Conclusion:

Decontamination, separately or together, was a viable alternative.

KEYWORDS:
Coronavirus infections; Nursing; Evidence-Based Nursing; Sterilization; Health Services Administration

HIGHLIGHTS

Decontamination of PFF2 can mitigate its shortage during pandemics.

Sweat/makeup are not factors that prevent maintenance of filtration.

No variation between usage time and type of treatment.

Groups		Inhalation resistance - Pa				Exhalation resistance - Pa		Average penetration %		Flammability (seconds)
Type of Use	Usage Time	30 l/min		95 l/min		160 l/min		Average (SD)	valor p*
Type of Use	Usage Time	Average (SD)	value p*	Média (DP)	value p*	Average (SD)	value p*
Total	sin tratamiento y con tratamiento	41,06 ± (2,18)		107,33 ± (6,30)		130,64 ± (5,27)		2,38 ± (0,25)		<5
	(6h, 42h)	38,89 ± (3,93)	0,001*	99,96 ± (8,29)	<0,001*	116,41 ± (11,95)	<0,001*	3,36 ± (2,2)	0,002*	<5
New	0h (A)	41,06 ± (2,18)	a	107,33 ± (6,30)		130,64 ± (5,27)		2,38 ± (0,25)		<5
	6h (B)	39,19 ± (3,77)	ab	100,67 ± (7,76)	0,004*	117,44 ± (10,79)	<0,001*	3,04 ± (1,81)		<5
Used	42h (C)	38,59 ± (4,14)	b	99,26 ± (8,88)	<0,001*	115,37 ± (13,13)	<0,001*	3,67 ± (2,54)	0,012*	<5

Usage time (ut)	Tests	Treatments (ttm)				ANOVA results (p-value)
Usage time (ut)	Tests	S	P	S+P	Total	ut	ttm	Interaction ut x ttm
	Inhalation resistance - Pa
	30 l/min					0,014*	0,529	0,482
0h (A)		41,44 ±1,81	40,89 ±2,09	41,33 ±2,35	41,06 ±2,18^a
6h (B)		37,89 ±4,46	41,22 ±3,53	38,44 ±2,60	39,19 ±3,77^ab
42h (C)		38,33 ±3,24	39,11 ±5,28	38,33 ±4,09	38,59 ±4,14^b
Total		38,11 ±3,79	40,17 ±4,49	38,39 ±3,33	38,89 ±3,93

	95l /min					0,001*	0,946	0,899
0h (A)		107,56 ±7,16	107,78 ±5,95	106,89 ±5,88	107,33 ±6,30
6h (B)		98,67 ±10,72	101,78 ±5,04	101,56 ±6,95	100,67 ±7,76^c
42h (C)		100,00 ±7,81	100,00 ±11,98	97,78 ±6,92	99,26 ±8,88^c
Total		102,07 ±9,27	103,19 ±8,63	102,07 ±7,40	102,91 ±8,35

	Exhalation resistance - Pa
	160 l/min					<0,001*	0,280	0,715
0h (A)		130,44 ±5,18	131,78 ±6,57	129,89 ±4,20	130,64 ±5,27
6h (B)		114,00 ±11,64	122,89 ±8,15	115,44 ±11,18	117,44 ±10,79
42h (C)		116,22 ±14,86	117,89 ±15,03	112,00 ±9,62	115,37 ±13,12
Total		120,22 ±13,15	124,19 ±11,72	119,11 ±11,61	122,10 ±12,04

	Average penetration %					0,025*	1,000	0,163
0h (A)		2,47 ±0,22	2,33 ±0,24	2,30 ±0,25	2,38 ±0,25^d
6h (B)		2,46 ±0,88	3,86 ±2,43	2,80 ±1,67	3,04 ±1,81^de
42h (C)		4,23 ±3,62	2,82 ±1,10	3,96 ±1,32	3,67 ±2,54^e
Total		3,05 ±2,24	3,00 ±1,62	3,02 ±1,74	2,96 ±1,78

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E-mail: cogitare@ufpr.br

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[1] Corresponding author:
Daniela Silva dos Santos Schneider Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Rua São Manoel, 963, bairro Rio Branco, CEP: 90620-110 - Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil E-mail: daniela.schneider@ufrgs.br