QUALITY OF LIFE, FUNCTIONALITY, AND SELF-CONCEPT OF PEOPLE POST-DISCHARGE FROM LEPROSY<sup/>

Fortunato, Cibelly Nunes; Nogueira, Jordana de Almeida; Brito, Karen Krystine Gonçalves de; Silva, Ana Cristina de Oliveira e; Bezerra, Valéria Peixoto; Mendes, Micheline da Silveira; Freire, Maria Eliane Moreira

doi:10.1590/ce.v29i0.94832

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Cogitare Enferm. 29 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/ce.v29i0.94832 copy

QUALITY OF LIFE, FUNCTIONALITY, AND SELF-CONCEPT OF PEOPLE POST-DISCHARGE FROM LEPROSY^* * Artigo extraído da dissertação do mestrado: “Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, autoestima e funcionalidade de pessoas em pós-alta de hanseníase”, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil, 2022.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to evaluate the quality of life, functionality, and self-concept of people after discharge from leprosy. Methods: This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study carried out in a reference institution for leprosy in Paraíba, Brazil, from May to August 2021. Four instruments were used for sociodemographic and clinical characterization, assessment of quality of life, functionality, and self-concept. The data was analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests.

Results:

131 people took part, of whom 86 (65.6%) were male and 72 (55%) were aged between 41 and 60. There was a negative impact on health-related quality of life among those with no schooling and low family income. Limitation of functionality in those who do not practice physical activity, are affected by neuritis, and have some degree of physical disability. However, high self-concept.

Conclusion:

It is essential to train professionals and organize assistance measures in the face of longitudinal and interdisciplinary care in this therapeutic phase.

DESCRIPTORS:
Quality of life; Disabled Persons; Self-Concept; Leprosy; Patient discharge.

HIGHLIGHTS

1. Impairment of health-related quality of life.

2. Limited functionality and high self-concept.

3. Proposes actions aimed at preventing disabilities and/or deformities.

4. Qualify actions from a comprehensive and longitudinal care perspective.

Variables	Domain 1 Physical		Domain 2 Psychological		Domain 3 Social		Domain 4 Environmental
Variables	average	p-value	average	p-value	average	p-value	average	p-value
Gender
Female	0.49	0.028^‡	0.76	0.477^†	1.13	0.134^‡	0.76	0.999^‡
Male	0.73	0.028^‡	0.86	0.477^†	1.45	0.134^‡	0.78	0.999^‡
Education level
No education	1.00	0.035^‡	1.06	0.115^‡	1.76	0.405^‡	0.94	0.148^‡
Elementary school	0.61		0.80		1.28		0.69
High School	0.41		0.78		1.03		0.86
Higher education	0.50		0.75		1.25		0.75
Family income
Up to 1 MW^* * Minimum wage in force in 2021 (R$1,100.00); †p-value obtained using Pearson’s chi-squared test; ‡p-value obtained using Fisher’s exact test.	0.58	0.043^‡	0.81	0.977^‡	1.30	0.808^‡	0.74	0.735^‡
Between 1 and 3 MW^* * Minimum wage in force in 2021 (R$1,100.00); †p-value obtained using Pearson’s chi-squared test; ‡p-value obtained using Fisher’s exact test.	0.83		0.86		1.47		0.83
Above 3 MW^* * Minimum wage in force in 2021 (R$1,100.00); †p-value obtained using Pearson’s chi-squared test; ‡p-value obtained using Fisher’s exact test.	0.50		0.83		1.17		0.83

Variables	Categorized scores - SALSA						Categorized scores - SALSA
	No limitations		Light/Moderate		Severe/Very Severe
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Gender							0.021^†
Female	1	5.6	27	38.6	17	39.5
Male	17	94.4	43	61.4	26	60.5
Age range							0.002^‡
18 to 40 years old	11	61.1	24	34.3	6	14.0
41 to 60 years old	4	22.2	36	51.4	32	74.4
61 years or older	3	16.7	10	14.3	5	11.6
Family income							0.028^‡
Up to 1 MW^* * Minimum wage in force in 2021 (R$1,100.00);	9	10.1	44	49.4	36	40.4
Between 1 and 3 MW^* * Minimum wage in force in 2021 (R$1,100.00);	7	19.4	22	61.1	7	19.4
Above 3 MW^* * Minimum wage in force in 2021 (R$1,100.00);	2	33.3	4	66.7	-	-
Physical activity							0.014^‡
Walking	4	12.9	19	61.3	8	25.8
Cycling	-	-	4	50.0	4	50.0
Other	4	80.0	0	0	1	20.0
No activity	10	11.5	47	54.0	30	34.5
Neuritis							0.008^†
No	7	43.8	22	34.9	4	10.5
Yes	9	56.3	41	65.1	34	89.5
GIF^ Degree of Physical Disability; †p-value obtained using Pearson’s chi-squared test; ‡p-value obtained using Fisher’s exact test.							0.001^†
No	6	33.3	16	23.5	-	-
Yes	12	66.7	52	76.5	41	100

Variables	Scores of The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (UNIFESP-EPM/Rosenberg version)				p-value
	High self-esteem		Low self-esteem
	n	%	n	%
Gender					0.003^†
Female	32	28.8	13	65.0
Male	79	71.2	7	35.0
Use of alcoholic beverages/cigarettes
Alcoholism	11	9.9	3	15.0	0.030^‡
Smoking	6	5.4	5	25.0
Both	4	3.6	-	-
None	90	81.1	12	60.0
Family income
Up to 1 MW^* * Minimum wage in force in 2021 (R$1,100.00); † p-value obtained using Pearson’s chi-squared test; ‡ p-value obtained using Fisher’s exact test.	70	78.3	19	21.3	0.017^‡
Between 1 and 3 MW^* * Minimum wage in force in 2021 (R$1,100.00); † p-value obtained using Pearson’s chi-squared test; ‡ p-value obtained using Fisher’s exact test.	35	97.2	1	2.8
Above 3 MW^* * Minimum wage in force in 2021 (R$1,100.00); † p-value obtained using Pearson’s chi-squared test; ‡ p-value obtained using Fisher’s exact test.	6	100	-	-
Neuritis
No	32	32.0	1	5.9	0.038^‡
Yes	68	68.0	16	94.1	0.038^‡

Whoqol-bref	Domain 1 Physical (average)	Domain 2 Psychological (average)	Domain 3 Social (average)	Domain 4 Environmental (average)
SALSA
No limitation	13.71	13.96	15.11	13.88
Mild/moderate limitation^* * Categorized variables from the SALSA instrument; †Kruskal Wallis test; ‡Mann-Whitney test	12.35	12.93	14.32	12.62
Severe/very severe limitation^* * Categorized variables from the SALSA instrument; †Kruskal Wallis test; ‡Mann-Whitney test	11.50	12.18	13.58	11.80
p-value	<0.001^†	0.004^†	0.120^†	0.001^†
SELF-ESTEEM
High self-esteem	12.53	13.17	14.51	12.81
Low self-esteem	10.77	10.90	12.40	10.92
p-value	<0.001^‡	<0.001^‡	0.001^‡	<0.001^‡

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E-mail: cogitare@ufpr.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Cibelly Nunes Fortunato, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, Lot. Cidade Universitária, CEP: 58051-900. João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil., E-mail: cibelly.nunes@academico.ufpb.br