Type of forest |
Sensor/Platform |
Band |
SAR variables |
Reference |
Amazon |
SIR-C/ SRL-1 |
L, C |
backscattering |
Foody et al. (1997FOODY, G. M.; GREEN, R. M.; LUCAS, R. M.; CURRAN, P. J.; HONZAK, M.; AMARAL, I. Observations on the relationship between SIR-C radar backscatter and the biomass of regenerating tropical forests. International Journal of Remote Sensing , v. 18, n. 3, p. 687-694, 1997.) |
Amazon |
SAR/JERS-1, ERS-1, SIR-C |
L, C |
backscattering |
Luckman et al. (1997LUCKMAN, A.; BAKER, J.; KUPLICH, T. M.; YANASSE, C. C. F.; FRERY, A. C. A study of the backscatter and biomass for relationship regenerating spaceborne SAR between radar tropical forest instruments. Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 60, n. 1, p. 1-13, 1997. ) |
Amazon |
SAR/JERS-1 |
L |
backscattering |
Luckman et al. (1998LUCKMAN, A.; BAKER, J.; HONZÁK, M.; LUCAS, R. Tropical forest biomass density estimation using JERS-1 SAR: seasonal variation, confidence limits, and application to image mosaics. Remote Sensing of Environment , v. 63, n. 2, p. 126-139, 1998. ) |
Amazon |
JERS-1 |
L |
backscattering |
Kuplich et al. (2000KUPLICH, T. M, SALVATORI, V.; CURRAN, P. J. JERS-1/SAR backscatter and its relationship with biomass of regenerating forests. International Journal of Remote Sensing , v. 21, n. 12, p. 2513-2518, 2000. ) |
Amazon |
JERS-1 |
L |
backscattering and texture |
Salas et al. (2002SALAS, W. A.; DUCEY, M. J.; RIGNOT, E.; SKOLE, D. Assessment of JERS-1 SAR for monitoring secondary vegetation in Amazonia: II. Spatial, temporal, and radiometric considerations for operational monitoring. International Journal of Remote Sensing , v. 23, n. 7, p. 1381-1399, 2002. ) |
Amazon (transition zone between cerrado and Amazon forest) |
JERS-1 |
L |
backscattering |
Santos et al. (2002SANTOS, J. R.; LACRUZ, M. S. P.; ARAUJO, L. S.; KEIL, M. Savanna and tropical rainforest biomass estimation and spatialization using JERS-1 data. International Journal ofRemote Sensing , v. 23, n. 7, p. 1217-1229, 2002. ) |
Amazon |
AeS-1 (AeroSensing Radar Systeme)/Airborne |
P, X |
backscattering and interferometric height |
Neeff et al. (2003NEEFF, T.; DUTRA, L. V.; SANTOS, J. R.; FREITAS, C. C.; ARAUJO, L. S. Tropical forest stand table modelling from SAR data. Forest Ecology and Management, v. 186, p. 159-170, 2003. ) |
Amazon |
AeS-1 (AeroSensing Radar Systeme)/Airborne |
P |
backscattering |
Santos et al. (2003SANTOS, J. R.; FREITAS, C. C.; ARAUJO, L. C.; DUTRA, L. V.; MURA, J. C.; GAMA, F. F.; SOLER, L. S.; SANT’ANNAS, J. S. Airborne P-band SAR applied to the aboveground biomass studies in the Brazilian tropical rainforest. Remote Sensing of Environment , v. 87, n. 4, p. 482-493, 2003. ) |
Amazon |
JERS-1 |
L |
texture |
Kuplich et al. (2005KUPLICH, T. M.; CURRAN, P. J.; ATKINSON, P. M. Relating SAR image texture to the biomass of regenerating tropical forests. International Journal of Remote Sensing , v. 26, n. 21, p. 4829-4854, 2005. ) |
Amazon |
AeS-1(AeroSensing Radar Systeme)/Airborne |
P, X |
backscattering and interferometric height |
Neeff et al. (2005NEEFF, T.; DUTRA, L. V.; SANTOS, J. R.; FREITAS, C. C.; ARAUJO, L. S. Tropical forest measurement by interferometric height modeling and P-Band radar backscatter. Forest Science, v. 51, n. 6, p. 585-594, 2005. ) |
Amazon |
Airborne |
P |
backscattering |
Santos et al. (2006SANTOS, J. R.; ARAUJO, L. S.; KUPLICH, T. M.; FREITAS, C. C.; DUTRA, L. V.; SANT’ANNA, S. J. S.; GAMA, F. F. Tropical forest biomass and its relationship with P-band SAR data. Revista Brasileira de Cartografia, v. 58, n. 1, p. 37-42, 2006.) |
Amazon |
R99B/Airborne |
L |
polarimetric attributes |
Narvaes et al. (2010NARVAES, I. S.; SANTOS, J. R.; SILVA, A. Q. Analysis of structural parameters of forest typologies using L-band SAR data. Boletim de Ciências Geodésicas , v. 16, n. 3, p. 475-489, 2010.) |
Amazon |
R99B/Airborne |
L |
polarimetric attributes |
Gonçalves et al. (2011GONÇALVES, F. G.; SANTOS, J. R.; TREUHAFT, R. N. Stem volume of tropical forests from polarimetric radar. International Journal of Remote Sensing , v. 32, n. 2, p. 503-522, 2011. ) |
Amazon |
JERS-1 |
L |
backscattering and texture |
Cutler et al. (2012CUTLER, M. E. J.; BOYD, D. S.; FOODY, G. M.; VETRIVEL, A. Estimating tropical forest biomass with a combination of SAR image texture and Landsat TM data: An assessment of predictions between regions. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing , v.70, p. 66-77, 2012. ) |
Amazon |
OrbiSAR-1/Aircraft |
P, X |
polarimetric and interferometric data |
Sambatti et al. (2012SAMBATTI, J. B. M.; LEDUC, R.; LUBECK, D.; MOREIRA, J. R.; SANTOS, J. R. Assessing forest biomass and exploration in the Brazilian Amazon with airborne InSAR: an alternative for REDD. The Open Remote Sensing Journal, v. 5, p. 21-36, 2012. ) |
Amazon |
ALOS/PALSAR, SRTM |
L |
polarimetric attributes |
Bispo et al. (2014BISPO, P. C.; SANTOS, J. R.; VALERIANO, M. M.; TOUZI, R.; SEIFERT, F. M. Integration of polarimetric PALSAR attributes and local geomorphometric variables derived from SRTM for forest biomass modeling in Central Amazonia. Canadian Journal ofRemote Sensing , v. 40, n. 1, p. 26-42, 2014. ) |
Amazon |
TanDEM-X |
X |
interferometric coherence |
Treuhaft et al. (2015TREUHAFT, R.; GONÇALVES, F. G.; SANTOS, J. R.; KELLER, M. M.; PALACE, M.; MADSEN, S.; SULLIVAN, F.; GRAÇA, P. M. L. A. Tropical-forest biomass estimation at X-Band from the spaceborne TanDEM-X interferometer. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, v.12, n. 2, p. 239-243, 2015. ) |
Amazon |
SRTM |
X |
geomorphometric variables |
Bispo et al. (2016BISPO, P. C.; SANTOS, J. R.; VALERIANO, M. M.; GRAÇA, P. M. L. A.; BALZTER, H.; FRANÇA, H.; BISPO, P. C. Predictive models of primary tropical forest structure from geomorphometric variables based on SRTM in the Tapajós Region, Brazilian Amazon. Plos One, v. 11, n. 6, p. e0152009, 2016. ) |
Amazon |
ALOS/PALSAR |
L |
polarimetric attributes |
Martins et al. (2016MARTINS, F. S. R. V.; SANTOS, J. R.; GALVÃO, L. S.; XAUD, H. A. M. Sensitivity of ALOS/PALSAR imagery to forest degradation by fire in northern Amazon. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, v. 49, p. 163-174, 2016. ) |
Amazon |
TanDEM-X |
X |
interferometric phase-height |
Treuhaft et al. (2017TREUHAFT, R.; LEI, Y.; GONÇALVES, F.; KELLER, M.; SANTOS, J. R.; NEUMANN, M.; ALMEIDA, A. Tropical-Forest structure and biomass dynamics from TanDEM-X radar interferometry. Forests , v. 8, n. 8, p. 277, 2017. ) |
Amazon |
ALOS/PALSAR, Sentinel-1 |
L, C |
backscattering and texture |
Bourgoin et al. (2018BOURGOIN, C.; BLANC, L.; BAILLY, J.-S.; CORNU, G.; BERENGER, E.; OSZWALD, J.; TRITSCH, I.; LAURENT, F.; HASAN, A. F.; SIST, P.; GOND, V. The Potential of Multisource Remote Sensing for Mapping the Biomass of a Degraded Amazonian Forest. Forests, v. 9, n. 6, 303, 2018.) |
Amazon |
ALOS/PALSAR, RADARSAT-2, TerraSAR-X |
L, C, X |
polarimetric attributes |
Pereira et al. (2018PEREIRA, L. O.; FURTADO, L. F. A.; NOVO, E. M. L. M.; SANT’ANNA, S. J. S.; LIESENBERG, V.; SILVA, T. S. F. Multifrequency and full-polarimetric SAR assessment for estimating above ground biomass and Leaf Area Index in the Amazon Várzea Wetlands. Remote Sensing , v. 10, n. 9, p. 1355, 2018. ) |
Amazon |
TanDEM-X |
X |
interferometric data |
Bispo et al. (2019BISPO, P. C.; PARDINI, M.; PAPATHANASSIOUC, K. P.; KUGLER, F.; BALZTER, H.; RAINS, D.; SANTOS, J. R.; RIZAEV, I. G.; TANSEY, K.; SANTOS, M. N.; ARAUJO, L. S. Mapping forest successional stages in the Brazilian Amazon using forest heights derived from TanDEM-X SAR interferometry. Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 232, p. 111194, 2019.) |
Amazon |
ALOS/PALSAR-2 |
L |
polarimetric attributes |
Cassol et al. (2019CASSOL, H. L. G.; CARREIRAS, J. M. B.; MORAES, E. C.; ARAGÃO, L. E. O. C.; SILVA, C. V. J.; QUEGAN, S.; SHIMABUKURO, Y. Retrieving Secondary Forest Aboveground Biomass from Polarimetric ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 Data in the Brazilian Amazon. Remote Sensing , v.11, n. 1, p. 1-32, 2019. ) |
Amazon |
Sentinel-1 |
C |
backscattering and texture |
Debastiani et al. (2019DEBASTIANI, A.; SANQUETTA, C.; CORTE, A.; PINTO, N.; REX, F. Evaluating SAR-optical sensor fusion for aboveground biomass estimation in a Brazilian tropical forest. Annal of Forest Research, v. 62, n. 1, p. 109-122, 2019.) |
Amazon |
SRTM |
X |
terrain variables |
Silveira et al. (2019SILVEIRA, E. M. O.; CUNHA, L. I. F.; GALVÃO, L. S.; WITHEY, K. D.; ACERBI JÚNIOR, F. W.; SCOLFORO, J. R. S. Modelling aboveground biomass in forest remnants of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest using remote sensing, environmental and terrain-related data. Geocarto International, 36 p., 2019.) |
Amazon |
ALOS/PALSAR |
L |
backscattering |
Huggannavar and Shetty (2020HUGGANNAVAR, V.; SHETTY, A. Biomass Estimation Using Synergy of ALOS-PALSAR and Landsat Data in Tropical Forests of Brazil. In: GHOSH, J.; SILVA, I. Applications of Geomatics in Civil Engineering. Switzerland: Springer, 2020. p. 593-603. ) |
Cerrado |
JERS-1 |
L |
backscattering |
Bitencourt et al. (2007BITENCOURT, M. D.; MESQUITA JUNIOR, H. N.; KUNTSCHIK, G.; ROCHA, H. R.; FURLEY, P. A. Cerrado vegetation study using optical and radar remote sensing: two Brazilian case studies. Canadian Journal ofRemote Sensing , v. 33, n; 6, p. 468-480, 2007. ) |
Mangrove |
RADARSAT-2 |
C |
backscattering |
Cougo et al. (2015COUGO, M.; SOUZA-FILHO, P. W. M.; SILVA, A. Q.; FERNANDES, M. E. B.; SANTOS, J. R.; ABREU, M. R. S.; NASCIMENTO, W. R.; SIMARD, M. Radarsat-2 backscattering for the modeling of biophysical parameters of regenerating mangrove forests. Remote Sensing , v. 7, n. 12, p. 17097-17112, 2015. ) |
Mangrove |
ALOS/PALSAR |
L |
backscattering e incoherent attributes |
Pereira et al. (2016PEREIRA, F. R. S.; KAMPEL, M.; CUNHA-LIGNON, M. Mangrove vegetation structure in Southeast Brazil from phased array L-band synthetic aperture radar data. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing , v. 10, n. 3, p. 036021, 2016. ) |
Eucalyptus forest plantation |
Airborne, OrbiSAR-1 |
P, X |
polarimetric and interferometric data |
Gama et al. (2006GAMA, F. F.; SANTOS, J. R.; MURA, J. C.; RENNÓ, C. D. Estimativa de parâmetros biofísicos de povoamentos de Eucalyptus através de dados SAR. Ambiência , v. 2, n. 3, p. 29-42, 2006.) |
Eucalyptus |
Airborne |
P, X |
polarimetric and interferometric data |
Gama et al. (2010aGAMA, F. F.; MURA, J. C.; SANTOS, J. R.; ALBUQUERQUE, P. C. G. Avaliação do potencial da interferometria SAR para o mapeamento altimétrico de áreas reflorestadas por Eucalyptus sp. Boletim de Ciências Geodésicas, v. 16, n. 4, p. 519-537, 2010a.) |
Eucalyptus |
Airborne, OrbiSAR-1 |
P, X |
polarimetric and interferometric data |
Gama et al. (2010bGAMA, F. F.; SANTOS, J. R.; MURA, J. C. Eucalyptus biomass and volume estimation using interferometric and polarimetric SAR data. Remote Sensing , v. 2, n. 4, p. 939-956, 2010b. ) |
Eucalyptus |
ALOS/PALSAR |
L |
backscattering |
Baghdadi et al. (2015BAGHDADI, N.; MAIRE, G.; BAILLY, J.-S.; NOUVELLON, Y.; OSE, K.; ZRIBI, M.; LEMOS, C.; HAKAMADA, R. Evaluation of ALOS/PALSAR L-band data for the estimation of Eucalyptus plantations aboveground biomass in Brazil. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, v. 8, n. 8, p. 3802-3811, 2015. ) |
Eucalyptus |
Airborne, OrbiSAR-1 |
P, X |
polarimetric and interferometric data |
Gama et al. (2016GAMA, F. F.; SANTOS, J. R.; MURA, J. C. Continuous monitoring of biophysical Eucalyptus sp. parameters using interferometric synthetic aperture radar data in P and X bands. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing , v. 10, n. 2, p. 026002, 2016. ) |
Eucalyptus |
Sentinel-1B, ALOS/PALSAR DEM |
C, L |
backscattering, terrain atributes and texture |
Reis et al. (2019REIS, A. A.; FRANKLIN, S. E.; MELLO, J. M.; ACERBI JUNIOR, F. W. Volume estimation in a Eucalyptus plantation using multi-source remote sensing and digital terrain data: a case study in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. International Journal of Remote Sensing , v. 40, n. 7, p. 2683-2702, 2019.) |
Eucalyptus |
ALOS/PALSAR |
L |
backscattering |
Souza et al. (2019SOUZA, G. S. A.; SOARES, V. P.; LEITE, H. G.; GLERIANI, J. M.; AMARAL, C. H.; FERRAZ, A. S.; SILVEIRA, M. V. F.; SANTOS, J. F. C.; VELLOSO, S. G. S.; DOMINGUES, G. F.; SILVA, S. Multi-sensor prediction of Eucalyptus stand volume: A support vector approach. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing , v. 156, p. 135-146, 2019.) |