This study aimed to report the registration of new ant species in Rio Grande do Sul state and thus to contribute to the knowledge about the ant fauna (Myrmecofauna). Collections were made in four different environments, namely, native forest, eucalyptus plantations, agricultural plantation and exotic pasture. We used the mini-Winkler method of extraction to collect the ants. We removed 1 square meter (1m²) of litter, sifted it and packed it in mini-Winkler extractors to obtain the fauna. We collected 108 species, which represent 31 genera, 18 tribes and 8 subfamilies. The native forest presented 90 collected species, the eucalyptus plantation presented 65 species, and the agricultural plantation and the exotic pasture presented 20 species each. We have registered for the first time the following species in the state of Rio Grande do Sul: Dorymyrmex thoracicus (Dolichoderinae), Camponotus arboreus, Camponotus melanoticus (Formicinae), Apterostigma madidiense, Apterostigma sp. pilosum complex, Cyphomyrmex major, Cyphomyrmex vorticis, Wasmannia rochai, Cephalotes pusillus, Strumigenys (Pyramica) rugithorax, Strumigenys cosmotela, Strumigenys silvestrii, Pheidole aper, Pheidole heyeri, Pheidole rugatula, Pheidole siggilata, Pheidole senilis, Pheidole sospes, Megalomyrmex pusillus (Myrmicinae), and Pachycondyla ferruginea (Ponerinae).
Litter; mini-Winkler extractor; myrmecology