Andrés-Gamboa |
No tracking/ Conventional cytology/ DNA-HPV test |
Years of life saved |
Direct medical costs |
US Dollar (2006) |
USD44/ YSL |
Int$77.42 |
USD 3,200 |
Without Information |
Performance and costs of screening tests, diagnosis, and treatment costs for HSIL |
Beal (2014) |
Conventional cytology compared to: HR-HPV plus Conventional cytology; HR-HPV plus molecular screening; Co-testing |
Number of missed cases of CIN 2, CIN 3 or cervical cancer avoided |
Direct medical and non-medical costs |
USD (2013) |
ICER: HR-HPV plus Conventional Cytology USD 108.99; HR-HPV plus molecular screening USD 819; Co-testing USD-537 |
HR-HPV plus Conventional Cytology: Int $197.23 HR-HPV plus Molecular Screening: Int$1,482.03 Co-testing: Int $971.74 |
Willingness-to-pay 0 to 3,000 USD |
Probability/ Monte Carlo Simulation |
- |
Caetano (2006) |
Conventional cytology/ Cytology in liquid medium/ CH-HPV test/ CH-HPV with self collection/ Conventional cytology with CH-HPV/ Cytology in liquid medium with CH-HPV |
Number of detected cases of precursor lesions with a high degree of malignancy or cervical cancer |
Direct medical costs |
Brazilian Real BRL (2005) |
BRL 1,404.36/ detected case of cancer or high-grade precursor lesion |
Int$1,309.68 |
Without Information |
Univariate Deterministics |
Costs of Compared Strategies |
Campos (2015) |
HPV-DNA testing (provider-collected [cervical] and self-collected [vaginal] sampling), Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA)/Conventional cytology Screening strategies included several scenarios, varying both age at onset and frequency throughout life: 1x in life (25, 30, 35, 40, 45 or 50 years); 2x in life (25 and 35; 30 and 40 or 35 and 45 years); 3x in life (25, 35 and 45 years; 30, 35 and 40 years; 35, 40 and 45 years; or 30, 40 and 50 years) |
Years of life saved |
Direct medical costs |
International Dollar Int $ (2011) |
DNA-HPV test (cervical sampling) India: 1 × ICER in life (40 years: Int$330/YLS; 45 years: Int$190/YLS); 2 × in life (35 and 45 years: Int$390/YLS); 3 × in life (30, 35 and 40 years: Int$1,600/YLS; 30, 40 and 50 years: Int$580/YLS) |
India: 1 × in life (40 years Int$402.53; 45 years Int$231.76); 2 × in life (35 and 45 years Int $475.72); 3 × in life (30, 35 and 40 years Int$1,951.68; 30, 40 and 50 years Int $707.49) |
Int$ 5,240 GDP per capita in India |
Probability/ Monte Carlo Simulation |
Prevalence of age-specific high-risk HPV and age-specific incidence of cancer |
Nicaragua: ICER 2 × in life (30 and 40 years: Int$50/YLS); 3 × in life (30, 35 and 40 years: Int$ 180/YLS, 25, 35 and 45 years: Int$ 1200/YLS) |
Nicaragua: 2 × in life (30 and 40 years Int $58.27); 3 × in life (30, 35 and 40 years Int $209.77; 25, 35 and 45 years Int$1,398.45) |
Int$ 4,220 GDP per capita in Nicaragua |
Uganda: ICER 1 × in life (35 years: Int$ 160/ YLS; 40 years: I $120/YLS); 2 × in life (30 and 40 years: Int$210/YLS); 3 × in life (30, 40 and 50 years: Int$350/YLS) |
Uganda: 1 × in life (35 years Int$166.32; 40 years Int$124.74); 2 × in life (30 and 40 years Int$ 218.29); 3 × in life (30, 40 and 50 years Int$ 2,165.77) |
Int$1,370 GDP per capita in Uganda |
Campos (2017) |
Conventional cytology w/3 years, with referral for colposcopy if ASCUS or worse result/ DNA-HPV test w/5 years, with referral for cryotherapy for HPV-positive eligible/ DNA-HPV test w/5 years, with referral for screening with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) for HPV-positive/ DNA-HPV test w/5 years, with referral to conventional cytology for HPV-positive |
Years of life saved |
Direct medical and non-medical costs |
US Dollar U$ (2015) |
USD320/ YLS |
Int$ 969.36 |
USD 2,090 GDP per capita |
Univariate Deterministics |
Test performance, colposcopy performance, screening coverage, visit compliance, eligibility for cryotherapy after a positive screening and screening test, treatment effectiveness, discount rate, and costs |
Flores (2011) |
No screening/ Conventional cytology/ Self-collection DNA-HPV test/ DNA-HPV test administered by the doctor/ DNA-HPV test administered by the doctor plus Conventional cytology |
Number of detected cases of high grade, cervical intraepithelial neoplasm or cervical cancer |
Direct medical costs |
US Dollar U$ (2008) |
USD 9,352.00/ case detected |
Int$ 21,581.07 |
Without Information |
Univariate Deterministics |
Performance and costs of screening tests and treatment costs |
Goldie (2005) |
Strategies vary according to the number of clinic visits, frequency of screening, and specific ages. |
Years of life saved |
Direct costs (medical and non-medical) and programme costs |
International Dollar Int$ (2000) |
Lifetime tracking (1, 2, 3 times, respectively)
Costs/ YLS
India = D; D; 24.32
Kenya = D; 70.15; 110.35
Turkey = 3.2; 9.54; 24.12
South Africa = 4.92; 11.52; 25.91
Thailand = 2.67; 4.86; 10.32
|
India: 3 × in life Int $37.58, Kenya: 2 × in life Int$197.22; 3 × in life Int$ 310.24 Peru: 1 × in life Int$ 5.47; 2 × in life Int$ 16.31; 3 × in life Int$41.24 South Africa: 1 × in life Int$5.30; 2x in life Int$ 12.40; 3 × in life Int$ 27.89 Thailand: 1 × in life Int$ 3.44; 2 × in life Int$6.26; 3 × in life Int$ 13.29 |
Int$2,330 GDP per capita in IndiaI
Int$1,005 GDP per capita in Kenya
Int$4,747 GDP per capita in Peru
Int$9,486 GDP per capita in South Africa
Int$6,373 GDP per capita in Thailand
|
Univariate Deterministics |
Costs associated with invasive cancer treatment and target age of screening, while the choice between strategies was sensitive to test characteristics and screening costs. |
Gutierrez-Del-gado (2008) |
Strategies include 10 scenarios: 3 with screening by conventional Cytology, DNA-HPV Test (CH) or combined; and 7 with HPV vaccine |
Years of life saved |
Direct medical costs |
Mexican Peso Mex$ (2006) |
Conventional cytology by the Program, 80% coverage = ICER: Mex $16,678/YLS
DNA-HPV w/3 years, 80% coverage = ICER: Mex$ 21,914/ YLS
|
Conventional cytology by the Program, 80% coverage: Int$3,078.93
DNA-HPV with 3 years, 80% coverage: Int$ 4,045.55
|
Mex$ 88,688 GDP per capita |
Univariate Deterministics |
The frequency and cost of tracking for the HC-HPV test and the discount rate |
Levin (2010) |
Conventional cytology/ DNA-HPV test (CH-HPV, Rapid HPV test) |
Years of life saved, Number of cancer cases avoided |
Direct costs (medical and non-medical) and programme costs |
US Dollar U$ (2005) |
$50/ YLS for a single lifetime screening using county-level HPV DNA rapid testing compared to no screening. |
DNA-HPV rapid test 1 × in life: Int$ 140.65 2 × in life: Int$ 225.04 3 × in life: 421.95 |
USD 1,702GDP per capita |
Univariate Deterministics |
Costs associated with invasive cancer, treatment of precan-cerous lesions, and screening test costs. |
The strategies varied according to age, screening frequency, number of clinic visits (1, 2 or 3) and service delivery configuration (city, county or national) |
$80 and $150/ YLS two or three times in a lifetime, with the same strategy, respectively |
Mandelblatt (2002) |
Strategies include 7 scenarios: 3 with screening per test: Conventional Cytology, VIA Test??, DNA-HPV Test and Combined Tests |
Years of life saved |
Direct medical and non-medical costs |
US Dollar U$ (2000) |
Incremental ratio ($/YL)
All strategies saved lives, at costs ranging from $121 to $6,720/ YLS
|
Variation from Int$ 621.47 to Int$ 34,514.67 |
Without Information |
Probability/ Monte Carlo Simulation |
Individual parameters: sensitivity and test cost, prevalence rates; and parameter combinations: two-or three-way sensitivity analysis at reasonable intervals to examine the robustness of model results |
Nahvijou (2014) |
Conventional cytology/ DNA-HPV test with conventional cytology |
Not applicablea
|
Direct medical costs |
International Dollar Int$ (2010) |
Total cost/woman: Conventional cytology = $36.1; DNA-HPV Test USD 174.0 |
Conventional cytology: Int$ 18.84 DNA-HPV Test: Int$ 90.81 |
per capita GDP of the Without Information country |
Without Information |
Without Information |
Nahvijou (2016) |
11 screening strategies compared to no screening, varying both age at onset for Conventional cytology (21, 30, 35 years), for DNA-HPV Test (30, 35 years) and the interval between tests for Conventional cytology (3, 5, 10 years) for DNA-HPV Test (5, 10 years) |
Life Years Saved, Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALY) |
Direct medical costs |
International Dollar Int$ (2013) |
ICER $8,875/QALY compared to no tracking |
Int$ 23,281.74 |
USD 6,631 GDP per capita |
Univariate Deterministics |
Performance and Costs of Tracking Tests |
Tantitamit (2015) |
Women Population with ASCUS results: Repeat conventional cytology/ Screening with DNA-HPV test/Immediate colposcopy |
Number of CIN 2+ cases detected |
Direct medical costs |
Thai Baht ₿ (2013) |
Health system: ICER = 56,048 THB/additional case of CIN 2+ detected
Patient: ICER = 62,712 THB/ additional case of CIN 2+ detected
|
Health system: Int$ 4.62
Patient: Int$ 5.17
|
USD 6,168.30 GDP per capita |
Univariate Deterministics |
Tracking Strategies Costs |
Termrungruanglert (2017) |
DNA-HPV test with 16/18 genotyping, with referral for colposcopy if positive or return to routine screening within 5 years/ HR-HPV test w/5 years, colposcopy for women with positive result/ Conventional cytology, followed by colpos-copy if the result is ASCUS or worse |
Number of detected cases of CIN 2, CIN 3 and cervical cancer per 100,000 women |
Direct medical costs |
Thai Baht ₿ (2016) |
ICER test DNA-HPV with 16/18 genotyping: –360.810 THB (dominated)
HR-HPV test: 41,075.1 THB/ Case detected
Conventional cytology: -11,511.8 THB (dominated)
|
DNA-HPV test with 16/18 genotyping: Int $-29.51HR-HPV test: Int$ 3,358.97
Conventional cytology: Int$ -941.39
|
USD 5,904.20 GDP per capita |
Univariate Deterministics |
Prevalence of HPV infection in strategies 1 and 2, sensitivity of conventional cytology in strategy 3, discount rate and costs of all screening tools |
Termrungruanglert (2019) |
DNA-HPV test/double staining with 16/18 genotyping/ Conventional cytology |
Number of pre-invasive and invasive cervical cancer cases identified quality-adjusted life years (QALY) |
Direct medical costs |
US Dollar U$ (2018) |
ICER = USD1,395/QALY earned |
Int$ 3,672.46 |
USD5,901 GDP per capita |
Univariate Deterministics |
Tracking Strategies Costs |