Prospective |
Roetker et al [42]42 Chirinos JA, Sardana M, Syed AA, Koppula MR, Varakantam S, Vasim I, et al. Aldosterone, inactive matrix gla-protein, and large artery stiffness in hypertension. J Am Soc Hypertens 2018;12(9):681–9..
Higher levels of systolic BP and PP, but not MAP or diastolic BP, were each individually associated with increased risk of AF after adjustment for all AF risk factors.
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Retrospective |
Chen et al.[44]44 Hashmath Z, Lee J, Gaddam S, Ansari B, Oldland G, Javaid K, et al. Vitamin K status, warfarin use, and arterial stiffness in heart failure. Hypertension 2019;73(2):364–70.
After full adjustment, the odds ratios of AF were significantly higher per quartile increase in CFPWV and β index.
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Cross-Sectional |
Cui et al [45]45 Knapen MH, Braam LA, Drummen NE, Bekers O, Hoeks AP, Vermeer C. Menaquinone-7 supplementation improves arterial stiffness in healthy postmenopausal women: A double-blind randomised clinical trial. Thromb Haemost 2015;113(5):1135–44..
The prevalence of atrial fibrillation and total arrhythmia were higher with larger AI (Augmentation Index) values.
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Prospective |
Cremer et al [46]46 Wagenseil JE, Mecham RP. Vascular extracellular matrix and arterial mechanics. Physiol Rev 2009;89(3):957–89..
Arterial stiffness (Assessed by QKDh) is a strong predictor of future atrial fibrillation in hypertensive patients, independently of age, 24-h pulse pressure and LAD.
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Cross-Sectional |
Lantelme et al [47]47 Olsen MH, Angell SY, Asma S, Boutouyrie P, Burger D, Chirinos JA, et al. A call to action and a lifecourse strategy to address the global burden of raised blood pressure on current and future generations: the Lancet Commission on hypertension. Lancet. 2016;388(10060):2665–712..
PWV was associated with increased left atrium diameter and higher levels of NT-pro-BNP.
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Prospective |
Yoshida et al [48]48 Cruickshank JK, Silva MJ, Molaodi OR, Enayat ZE, Cassidy A, Karamanos A, et al. Ethnic differences in and childhood influences on early adult pulse wave velocity: the determinants of adolescent, now young adult, social wellbeing, and health longitudinal study. Hypertension 2016;–(6):1133–41..
Arterial stiffness was independently associated with LA phasic function, even in the absence of overt cardiovascular disease, which may explain the higher incidence of atrial fibrillation in individuals with increased arterial stiffness.
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Cross-Sectional |
Chung et al [68]68 Bekki M, Tahara N, Tahara A, Igata S, Honda A, Sugiyama Y, et al. Switching dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors to tofogliflozin, a selective inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 improve arterial stiffness evaluated by cardio-ankle vascular index in patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2019;17(4):411–20..
High arterial stiffness (assessed by CAVI) shows a significant association with AF in those with intermediate or high cardiovascular risk (Framingham) and can be used for further risk stratification of patients.
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