Several (Evans et al. 2005) (22. Evans JM, Donnelly LA, Emslie-Smith AM, Alessi DR, Morris AD. Metformin and reduced risk of cancer in diabetic patients. BMJ. 2005;330(7503):1304-5, 10.1136/bmj.38415.708634.F7. 10.1136/bmj.38415.708634.F7...
) |
Case-Control/2829 |
OR 0.86 (0.73-1.02) |
Several (Zhang et al. 2014) (1111. Zhang ZJ, Li S. The prognostic value of metformin for cancer patients with concurrent diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014;16(8):707-10, 10.1111/dom.12267. 10.1111/dom.12267...
) |
Meta-analysis of 28 studies/NR |
RR combined 0.70 (0.55-0.88) |
Several (Gandini et al. 2014) (7878. Gandini S, Puntoni M, Heckman-Stoddard BM, Dunn BK, Ford L, DeCensi A, et al. Metformin and cancer risk and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis taking into account biases and confounders. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2014;7(9):867-85.) |
Meta-analysis of 47 studies/65.540 |
RR incidence 0.69 (0.52-0.90) RR mortality 0.66 (0.54-0.81) |
Several (Yin et al. 2013) (7979. Yin M, Zhou J, Gorak EJ, Quddus F. Metformin is associated with survival benefit in cancer patients with concurrent type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncologist. 2013;18(12):1248-55, 10.1634/theoncologist.2013-0111. 10.1634/theoncologist.2013-0111...
) |
Meta-analysis of 20 studies/13.008 |
HR OS 0.66 (0.55-0.79) HR OS 0.62 (0.46-0.84) |
Several (Noto et al. 2012) (7676. Noto H, Goto A, Tsujimoto T, Noda M. Cancer risk in diabetic patients treated with metformin: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e33411, 10.1371/journal.pone.0033411. 10.1371/journal.pone.0033411...
) |
Meta-analysis of 24 studies/21.195 |
RR mortality 0.66 (0.49-0.88) RR incidence 0.67 (0.53-0.85) |
Prostrate (Deng et al. 2015) (8080. Deng D, Yang Y, Tang X, Skrip L, Qiu J, Wang Y, et al. Association between metformin therapy and incidence, recurrence and mortality of prostate cancer: evidence from a meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2015;31(6):595-602, 10.1002/dmrr.2645. 10.1002/dmrr.2645...
) |
Meta-analysis of 13 studies/334.532 |
RR incidence 0.88 (0.78-0.99) RR mortality 1.07 (0.86-1.32) |
Prostrate (Raval et al. 2015) (8181. Raval AD, Thakker D, Vyas A, Salkini M, Madhavan S, Sambamoorthi U. Impact of metformin on clinical outcomes among men with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2015;18(2):110-21, 10.1038/pcan.2014.52. 10.1038/pcan.2014.52...
) |
Meta-analysis of 9 studies/8284 |
HR cancer-specific mortality 1.22 (0.58-2.56) |
Lung (Sakoda et al. 2015) (8282. Sakoda LC, Ferrara A, Achacoso NS, Peng T, Ehrlich SF, Quesenberry CP Jr, et al. Metformin use and lung cancer risk in patients with diabetes. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2015;8(2):174-9.) |
Retrospective observational/47.351 |
HR adenocarcinoma 0.69 (0.40-1.17) HR small cell carcinoma 1.82 (0.85-3.91) |
Lung (Lin et al. 2015) (8383. Lin JJ, Gallagher EJ, Sigel K, Mhango G, Galsky MD, Smith CB, et al. Survival of patients with stage IV lung cancer with diabetes treated with metformin. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;191(4):448-54, 10.1164/rccm.201407-1395OC. 10.1164/rccm.201407-1395OC...
) |
Retrospective observational/750 |
HR in favor of metformin use EC IV 0.80 (0.71-0.89) |
Lung (Zhu et al. 2015) (4545. Zhu N, Zhang Y, Gong YI, He J, Chen X. Metformin and lung cancer risk of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. Biomed Rep. 2015;3(2):235-41, 10.3892/br.2015.417. 10.3892/br.2015.417...
) |
Meta-analysis of 8 studies/17.997 |
RR 0.84 (0.73-0.97) |
HNC (Sandulache et al. 2014) (8484. Sandulache VC, Hamblin JS, Skinner HD, Kubik MW, Myers JN, Zevallos JP. Association between metformin use and improved survival in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck. 2014;36(7):1039-43, 10.1002/hed.23409. 10.1002/hed.23409...
) |
Retrospective observational/162 |
OR OS DM vs. non-DM 2.23 (0.9-5.6; P=0.04) Lower locoregional recurrence (P=0.04) |
HNC (Yen et al., 2014) (8585. Yen YC, Lin C, Lin SW, Lin YS, Weng SF. Effect of metformin on the incidence of head and neck cancer in diabetics. Head Neck. 2015;37(9):1268-73, 10.1002/hed.23743. 10.1002/hed.23743...
) |
Retrospective observational/290 |
The incidence of CCP was 0.64x lower in the metformin group (pcts>65a had lower risk reduction of CCP) |
Breast (Col et al. 2012) (8686. Col NF, Ochs L, Springmann V, Aragaki AK, Chlebowski RT. Metformin and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis and critical literature review. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;135(3):639-46, 10.1007/s10549-012-2170-x. 10.1007/s10549-012-2170-x...
) |
Meta-analysis of 7 studies/17.997 |
OR 0.83 (0.71-0.97) |
Breast (Jiralerspong et al. 2012) (8787. Jiralerspong S, Palla SL, Giordano SH, Meric-Bernstam F, Liedtke C, Barnett CM, et al. Metformin and pathologic complete responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in diabetic patients with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(20):3297-302, 10.1200/JCO.2009.19.6410. 10.1200/JCO.2009.19.6410...
) |
Retrospective/2.529 |
OR pCR 2.95 (P=0.04) pCR 24% (met) x 8% (non-met) |
Breast (Xu et al. 2015) (8888. Xu H, Chen K, Jia X, Tian Y, Dai Y, Li D, et al. Metformin Use Is Associated With Better Survival of Breast Cancer Patients With Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis. Oncologist. 2015;20(11):1236-44, 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0096. 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0096...
) |
Meta-analysis of 11 studies/5.464 |
HR OS 0.53 (0.39-0.71) |
Pancreatic (Wang et al. 2014) (8989. Wang Z, Lai ST, Xie L, Zhao JD, Ma NY, Zhu J, et al. Metformin is associated with reduced risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014;106(1):19-26, 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.007. 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.007...
) |
Meta-analysis of 11 studies/764.195 |
RR 0.63 (0.46-0.86) |
Colon (Lee et al. 2012) (9090. Lee DJ, Kim B, Lee JH, Park SJ, Hong SP, Cheon JH, et al. The effect of metformin on responses to chemotherapy and survival in stage IV colorectal cancer with diabetes. Korean J Gastroenterol. 2012;60(6):355-61, 10.4166/kjg.2012.60.6.355. 10.4166/kjg.2012.60.6.355...
) |
Case-Control EC IV/106 |
HR SLD 0.024 (0.001-0.435) HR OS 0.809 (0.094-6.959) |
Colon (Fransgaard et al. 2016) (9191. Fransgaard T, Thygesen LC, Gögenur I. Metformin Increases Overall Survival in Patients with Diabetes Undergoing Surgery for Colorectal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2016;23(5):1569-75, 10.1245/s10434-015-5028-8. 10.1245/s10434-015-5028-8...
) |
Retrospective observational/30,493 |
HR DM vs. non-DM 1.12 (1.06-1.18) HR met vs. insulin 0.85 (0.73-0.93) |
Colon (Mei et al. 2014) (9292. Mei ZB, Zhang ZJ, Liu CY, Liu Y, Cui A, Liang ZL, et al. Survival benefits of metformin for colorectal cancer patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2014;9(3):e91818, 10.1371/journal.pone.0091818. 10.1371/journal.pone.0091818...
) |
Meta-analysis of 6 studies/2.461 |
HR OS 0.56 (0.41- 0.77) HR OS-specific 0.66 (0.50-0.87) |
Endometrial (Nevadunsky et al. 2014) (9393. Nevadunsky NS, Van Arsdale A, Strickler HD, Moadel A, Kaur G, Frimer M, et al. Metformin use and endometrial cancer survival. Gynecol Oncol. 2014;132(1):236-40, 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.10.026. 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.10.026...
) |
Retrospective observational/985 |
HR OS met vs. non-met 0.54 (0.30-0.97) |
Ovarian (Dilokthornsakul et al. 2013) (9494. Dilokthornsakul P, Chaiyakunapruk N, Termrungruanglert W, Pratoomsoot C, Saokaew S, Sruamsiri R. The effects of metformin on ovarian cancer: a systematic review. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2013;23(9):1544-51, 10.1097/IGC.0b013e3182a80a21. 10.1097/IGC.0b013e3182a80a21...
) |
Systematic review of 4 studies/ |
OR 0.57 (0.16-1.99). |
Ovarian (Romero et al. 2012) (9595. Romero IL, McCormick A, McEwen KA, Park S, Karrison T, Yamada SD, et al. Relationship of type II diabetes and metformin use to ovarian cancer progression, survival, and chemosensitivity. Obstet Gynecol. 2012;119(1):61-7, 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182393ab3. 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182393ab3...
) |
Retrospective observational/341 |
HR disease recurrence met vs. non-met 0.38 (0.16. 0.90) |
Ovarian (Kumar et al. 2013) (9696. Kumar S, Meuter A, Thapa P, Langstraat C, Giri S, Chien J, et al. Metformin intake is associated with better survival in ovarian cancer: a case-control study. Cancer. 2013;119(3):555-62, 10.1002/cncr.27706. 10.1002/cncr.27706...
) |
Retrospective case-control/72 cases and 143 controls |
HR OS non-met vs. met 2.2 (1.2-3.8) |
Liver (Zhang et al. 2012) (9797. Zhang ZJ, Zheng ZJ, Shi R, Su Q, Jiang Q, Kip KE. Metformin for liver cancer prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(7):2347-53, 10.1210/jc.2012-1267. 10.1210/jc.2012-1267...
) |
Meta-analysis of 5 studies/105.495 |
OR prevention 0.38 (0.24-0.59) |
Liver (Ma et al. 2012) (9898. Ma SJ, Zheng YX, Zhou PC, Xiao YN, Tan HZ. Metformin use improves survival of diabetic liver cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget. 2016;7(40):66202-211.) |
Meta-analysis of 11 studies/3452 |
OR prevention 0.38 (0.24-0.59) |