Intra-urban inequalities and Covid-19: an analysis of social isolation in the city of Porto Alegre

Augustin, André Coutinho; Soares, Paulo Roberto Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/2236-9996.2021-5206.e

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dossiê: metrópole e saúde • Cad. Metropole 23 (52) • Sep-Dec 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-9996.2021-5206.e copy

Intra-urban inequalities and Covid-19: an analysis of social isolation in the city of Porto Alegre

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has revealed territorial inequalities that were already present in Brazilian cities. One way in which these inequalities were expressed was the possibility of staying at home as a form of prevention. Analyzing a social isolation index based on cell phone location data, this paper shows that isolation in the city of Porto Alegre did not happen homogeneously in the territory. Factors such as occupation, income and the HDI for each region of the city are related to the different isolation rates that were found and, consequently, help us to understand the different degrees of exposure to the virus.

Covid-19; coronavirus; pandemic; social isolation; Porto Alegre

	May	June	July	August	September
No education to incomplete elementary school	0.6	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.4
Complete elementary to incomplete middle school	1.7	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.0
Complete secondary to incomplete higher education	7.9	7.3	6.7	6.0	5.4
Complete higher education or more	38.3	37.3	35.0	33.6	32.3
Total	13.3	12.7	11.7	11.1	10.4

		June %	July %	August %	September %	October %
Weekdays	Popular	37.7	40.7	37.1	34.9	33.0
	Middle	39.0	42.1	38.5	35.7	33.7
	Upper	43.4	46.7	43.2	39.8	37.5
Saturdays, Sundays and holidays	Popular	48.1	49.9	47.2	47.9	44.1
	Middle	49.7	51.6	48.0	48.9	44.2
	Upper	53.3	55.7	51.5	51.9	47.1
Total	Popular	41.4	43.1	40.3	38.8	36.7
	Middle	42.7	44.5	41.6	39.7	37.2
	Upper	46.9	49.0	45.8	43.4	40.7

	Weekdays %	Saturdays %	Sundays and holidays %	Total %
Popular	36.9	42.1	52.1	40.2
Middle	38.0	43.2	53.1	41.3
Upper	42.4	47.0	56.1	45.3

	Weekdays %	Saturdays %	Sundays and holidays %	Total %
Up to 1 MW	36.5	41.5	51.5	39.7
From 1 to 2 MW	37.1	42.4	52.4	40.4
From 2 to 3 MW	39.2	44.3	54.0	42.4
From 3 to 5 MW	41.5	46.4	55.9	44.6
From 5 to 10 MW	43.3	47.8	56.8	46.1
Above 10 MW	43.4	46.7	55.4	45.9

	Coefficients	value-P
Intersection	0.3909	0.0000
From 1 to 2 MW	0.0255	0.0015
From 2 to 3 MW	0.0376	0.0000
from 3 to 5 MW	0.0781	0.0000
From 5 to 10 MW	0.0959	0.0000
Above to 10 MW	0.0559	0.0079
City Hall distance	-0.0012	0.0011
R-square	0,5427
Adjusted R-square	0,5344

	HDI	Average isolation from 6/7/20 to 10/24/20
	HDI	Week days %	Saturdays %	Sundays and holidays – %	Total %
1 - Humaitá-Navegantes	0.765	38.3	43.5	53.2	41.5
2 - Northwest (Noroeste)	0.890	41.7	46.5	55.4	44.6
3 - East (Leste)	0.777	39.2	44.1	53.9	42.4
4 - Lomba do Pinheiro	0.683	38.0	43.4	53.6	41.4
5 - North (Norte)	0.729	37.3	42.5	52.6	40.6
6 - Northeast (Nordeste)	0.638	35.6	40.6	50.2	38.7
7 - Partenon	0.764	39.1	44.7	53.6	42.3
8 - Restinga	0.685	35.6	40.1	50.3	38.6
9 - Glória	0.733	36.9	43.1	54.2	40.7
10 - Cruzeiro	0.747	38.2	43.0	53.1	41.3
11 - Cristal	0.809	39.7	45.2	54.2	42.9
12 - South-Central (Centro Sul)	0.797	38.7	43.8	53.6	41.9
13 - Far South (Extremo Sul)	0.714	35.9	40.8	50.9	39.1
14 - Baltazar’s Axl (Eixo Baltazar)	0.779	37.1	42.3	52.3	40.4
15 - South (Sul)	0.843	39.8	44.4	54.3	42.8
16 - Downtown (Centro)	0.935	44.6	49.0	57.7	47.4
17 - Islands (Ilhas)	0.659	(42.6)	(50.3)	(62.1)	(46.9)

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