Frenette et al.(1313 Frenette M, Frank K, Deng Z. School closures and the online preparedness of children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Economic Insights; Ottawa; 15 apr. 2020.)
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Individuals below 18 years of age |
Internet access difficulties; small number of devices available; learning gaps; reduced class time |
Young and Donovan(1414 Young J, Donovan W. Shifting special needs students to online learning in the COVID-19 spring: challenges for students, families, and teachers. Boston: Pioneer Institute for Public Policy Research; 2020.)
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Students with special education needs |
Students with severe disorders may face difficulties regarding their needs; severe difficulties derived from family environment; self-regulation difficulties during class; greater use of assistance technologies |
Russell(1515 Russell V. Language anxiety and the online learner. Foreign Lang Ann. 2020;53(2):338-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/flan.12461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/flan.12461...
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Students from children’s education to undergraduate |
Disadvantages for students of low socioeconomic level and of rural areas; learning gaps; anxiety at the new teaching-learning configuration |
Sevilla Vallejo e Ceballos Marón(1616 Sevilla Vallejo S, Ceballos Marón NA. Theoretical and applied study of the psychological and educational effects of lockdown in primary school students in Argentina. Soc Sci Humanit Open. 2020;2(1):100039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100039. PMid:34173486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.1...
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Students at elementary education |
Avoiding school activities; difficulties in understanding activities; reading difficulties (vocabulary and text comprehension) |
Jæger and Blaabaek(1717 Jæger MM, Blaabaek EH. Inequality in learning opportunities during COVID-19: evidence from library takeout. Res Soc Stratif Mobil. 2020;68:100524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100524. PMid:32834345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2020.10...
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Students between 0 and 16 years of age |
Families of low socioeconomic level tend to borrow fewer books from the library |
Fitzgerald et al.(1818 Fitzgerald DA, Nunn K, Isaacs D. Consequences of physical distancing emanating from the COVID-19 pandemic: an australian perspective. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2020;35:25-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2020.06.005. PMid:32690355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2020.06...
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Students at elementary school I |
Use of remote teaching; probable damages regarding literacy and numeracy |
The WHO-UNICEF-Lancet Commissioners(1919 Clark H, Coll-Seck AM, Banerjee A, Peterson S, Dalglish SL, Ameratunga S, et al. After COVID-19, a future for the world’s children. Lancet. 2020;396(10247):298-300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31481-1. PMid:32622373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)...
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Vulnerable students |
Learning gaps; school dropout due to children’s pregnancy indices |
Burzynska and Contreras(2020 Burzynska K, Contreras G. Gendered effects of school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2020;395(10242):1968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31377-5. PMid:32539938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)...
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Female students |
School dropout due to early pregnancy, sexual exploitation, and forced marriage; less time dedicated to studies due to domestic labor |
Armitage and Nellums(2121 Armitage R, Nellums L. Considering inequalities in the school closure response to COVID-19. THe Lancet Global Health. 2020;8(5):e644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30116-9. PMid:32222161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)...
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Students of teaching children’s |
Severe inequalities of access to education; school dropout due to children’s labor, violence against children, and early pregnancy |
Khattab et al.(2222 Khattab N, Abbas A, Abbas AR, Memon SF. Children returning to schools following COVID-19: a balance of probabilities: letter to the editor. Int J Surg. 2020;79:202-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.05.084. PMid:32505646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.05...
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Students at children’s education |
Damage to “at risk” children; inequalities of access to internet and technological devices; |
Van Lancker and Parolin(2323 Van Lancker W, Parolin Z. COVID-19, school closures, and child poverty: a social crisis in the making. Lancet Public Health. 2020;5(5):e243-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30084-0. PMid:32275858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)...
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Socioeconomic vulnerable students |
Food insecurity leading to academic damages; inequalities of access between low and high-income classes; inadequate domestic environment for classes |
Spaull(2424 Spaull N. COVID-19 and schooling in South Africa: who should go back to school first. Prospects. 2020. In press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11125-020-09470-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11125-020-094...
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South-African students |
Difficulties of access to technology and education materials |
Tran et al.(2525 Tran T, Hoang A-D, Nguyen Y-C, Nguyen L-C, Ta N-T, Pham Q-H, et al. Toward sustainable learning during school suspension: socioeconomic, occupational aspirations, and learning behavior of vietnamese students during COVID-19. Sustainability. 2020;12(10):4195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104195...
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Students at elementary education |
Students at school public dedicate less time to study during the pandemic |
Khattar et al.(2626 Khattar A, Jain PR, Quadri SMK. Effects of the disastrous pandemic COVID-19 on learning styles, activities and mental health of young indian students: a machine learning approach. In: International Conference on Intelligente Computing and Control Systems; 2020; Madurai, India. Proceedings. New York: IEEE; 2020 p. 1190-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICICCS48265.2020.9120955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICICCS48265.20...
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Indian students |
Difficulty to adapting to online education |