Relationship between hearing capacity and performance on tasks of speech perception in children with hearing loss

Camargo, Natália de; Mendes, Beatriz Castro Andrade; Novaes, Beatriz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Caiuby

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Original Article • Codas 32 (1) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192018139 copy

Relationship between hearing capacity and performance on tasks of speech perception in children with hearing loss

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Purpose

To establish the relationship between the performance on word recognition tasks, using words with and without sense and degree, and the configuration of hearing loss, by using Speech Inteligibility Index (SII) values as indicators, in children with hearing loss.

Methods

SII were established for 55 and 65 Decibel of Sound Pressure Level (dB SPL) input sounds of ten children presenting bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), adapted with bilateral hearing aids, and who have oral language as the main mode of communication. The children were submitted to a word and nonsense-word repetition task of two or three intensity degrees. Their productions were analyzed according to the Word Association for Syllable Perception (WASP) Protocol. In the data analysis, the values of SII were compared with the results obtained in each analysis criterion.

Results

Pertaining to the words, there was statistically significant difference between the two types of stimuli in 55 dBSPL. As for the performance of consonants and point of articulation, there was a statistically significant difference between stimuli types in 65 and 55 dB SPL, and between intensities 65 and 55 dB SPL in nonsense words.

Conclusion

Overall, there was no regularity in the relationship between hearing ability and performance in speech perception tasks. The results suggest that performance in the nonsense words recognition tasks was more related to intelligibility index than to words with meaning, possibly because it limits semantic closure strategies by the subject.

Keywords
Speech Intelligibility; Speech Perception; Auditory Perception; Child; Hearing Loss; Hearing Aids

Variable (in months)	n	Mean	Standard deviation	Minimum	Median	Maximum
Age	10	93.8	17,5	60	93.5	124
Age at diagnosis	10	27.5	17,9	4	26.5	63
Age at first HA fitting	10	29.5	18,2	4	29	66
Age at current HA fitting	10	81.8	22,3	34	85	121
Hearing age	10	64.3	28,5	10	75	95

Comparison between intensities			Comparison between types
Type	Comparison	p	Intensity	Comparison	p
With meaning	65 × 55	0.629	65	With x Without	0.140
	65 × 52	0.600	55	With x Without	<0.001^* * significant
	55 × 52	>0.999
Without meaning	65 × 55	0.160

Comparison between intensities			Comparison between types
Type	Comparison	p	Intensity	Comparison	p
With meaning	65 × 55	0.997	65	With × Without	<0001^* * significant
	65 × 52	0.676	55	With × Without	<0.001*
	55 × 52	0.861
Without meaning	65 × 55	0.003*

Comparison between intensities			Comparison between types
Type	Comparison	p	Intensity	Comparison	p
With meaning	65 × 55	0.998	65	With × Without	<0.001
	65 × 52	0.862	55	With × Without	<0.001
	55 × 52	0.963
Without meaning	65 × 55	0.049

Criteria	Stimulus type
	Words with meaning		Words without meaning
	r	p	r	p
Word Accuracy %	0.55	0.097	0.63	0.053^* * significant
Vowel Hit %	0.53	0.111	0.52	0.128
Consonant Hit %	0.47	0.168	0.63	0.051*
Place of Articulation Hit %	0.42	0.222	070	0.025*
Articulation Mode Hit %	0.41	0.240	0.59	0.076
Voicing Hit %	0.38	0.285	0.57	0.086
Consonant omission %	-0.24	0.501	-0.54	0.105
Consonant substitution %	-0.53	0.118	-0.45	0.188

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[1] Conflict of interests: nothing to declare.