Self-reported outcomes after hearing aid fitting in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Barbosa, Mirna Rossi; Medeiros, Daniel de Sousa; Rossi-Barbosa, Luiza Augusta Rosa; Caldeira, Antônio Prates

doi:10.1590/2317-1782/20152014090

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Original Articles • CoDAS 27 (1) • Jan-Feb 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20152014090 copy

Self-reported outcomes after hearing aid fitting in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Autoavaliação de resultados após adaptação com aparelhos auditivos em Minas Gerais, Brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

PURPOSE:

To analyze the self-reported outcomes after hearing aid fitting among individuals in the northern region of Minas Gerais and associated factors.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional and analytical study with a random sample of adults and elderly attending the public health care service was conducted in the northern region of Minas Gerais (86 municipalities), Brazil. Study's participants answered International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA) questionnaires. Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically with Poisson regression analysis.

RESULTS:

We interviewed 272 adults and 112 individuals reported not using their hearing aids regularly. The mean of IOI-HA global score was lower than expected. The individual's relationship with their hearing aid (Factor 1) was worse than the individual's relationship with their environment (Factor 2). Lower global scores were statistically associated with no work.

CONCLUSIONS:

The observed scores for the study's population are lower than those recorded in other studies. The results suggest that there are limitations in the fitting and follow-up of individuals who received hearing aids.

Hearing Loss; Hearing Aids; Patient Satisfaction; Self-Assessment; Outcome Assessment (Health Care)

Characteristics	n	%
Gender
Female	147	54.0
Male	125	46.0
Age group (years old)
19 to 59	82	30.1
60 to 79	119	43.8
≥80	71	26.1
Education
Graduated	15	5.5
Completed high school	38	13.9
Completed elementary school	29	10.6
Did not complete elementary school	123	45.3
Illiterate	67	24.6
Work activity
Working	62	22.8
Not working/unemployed	31	11.4
Retired	179	65.8
Type of left ear hearing loss
Conductive	11	4.0
Sensorineural	81	29.8
Mixed	47	17.3
No hearing loss	5	1.8
No information	128	47.1
Degree of left ear hearing loss
Mild	12	4.4
Moderate	84	30.9
Moderately severe	14	5.1
Severe	19	7.0
Profound	12	4.4
No hearing loss	5	1.8
No information	126	46.3
Type of right ear hearing loss
Conductive	13	4.8
Sensorineural	80	29.4
Mixed	46	16.9
No hearing loss	7	2.6
No information	126	46.3
Degree of right ear hearing loss
Mild	13	4.8
Moderate	79	29.0
Moderately severe	11	4.0
Severe	24	8.8
Profound	14	5.1
No hearing loss	7	2.6
No information	124	45.6
Currently using a hearing aid
Yes	160	58.8
No	112	41.2

Hearing aid features	n	%
Hearing aid type
BTE	209	76.8
ITE	3	1.1
ITC	56	20.6
CIC	4	1.5
Hearing aid category/technology
C	147	54.0
B	46	16.9
A	33	12.1
No information	46	16.9
Hearing aid fitting
Binaural	244	89.7
Monaural	28	10.3

	Present study		International studies				Brazilian studies
	n=272		Brännström and Wennerström⁽¹³⁾		Öberg et al.⁽¹⁸⁾		Morettin⁽¹⁷⁾		Buriti and Oliveira⁽¹⁴⁾
	n=272		n=199		n=154		n=43		n=32
IOI-HA	Mean score	SD	Mean score	SD	Mean score	SD	Mean score	SD	Mean score	SD
Use	3.07	1.82	3.9	1.1	3.9	1.1	4.44	0.81	3.13	1.191
Ben	2.81	1.67	4.0	1.1	4.1	0.9	3.95	0.92	2.88	1.116
RAL	3.68	1.24	3.5	1.2	3.6	1.0	3.83	0.87	2.71	0.908
Sat	4.03	1.38	4.3	1.0	4.3	1.0	4.48	0.59	3.25	1.225
RPR	4.03	1.31	4.1	1.1	4.3	0.9	4.46	0.82	3.50	1.351
Ioth.	4.35	1.11	3.9	1.1	4.0	1.0	4.44	0.95	3.50	1.251
QoL	3.76	1.21	3.8	1.0	3.7	1.0	4.09	0.92	3.38	1.173
Global	25.74	7.09	27.7	5.2	27.9	4.8	29.86	3.86
Factor 1	13.67	5.13					17.11	2.29
Factor 2	12.07	2.95					12.74	2.12

Characteristics	Dissatisfied participants (scores ≤27)	Satisfied participants (scores >27)	Bivariate analysis	Poisson regression
Characteristics	n (%)	n (%)	p-value	PR (95%CI)	p-value
Gender
Female	73 (49.7)	74 (50.3)
Male	75 (60.0)	50 (40.0)	0.088	1.23 (0.9–1.52)	0.061
Age group
19–59	41 (50.0)	41 (50.0)
60–100	107 (56.3)	83 (43.7)	0.337	–	–
Education
≥ High school	44 (53.7)	38 (46.3)
Other	104 (54.7)	86 (45.3)	0.870	–	–
Work activity
Working	26 (41.9)	36 (58.1)
Not working	122 (58.1)	88 (41.9)	0.025	1.41 (1.03–1.92)	0.033
Hearing aid fitting
Binaural	134 (54.9)	110 (45.1)
Monaural	14 (50.0)	14 (50.0)	0.621	–	–
Hearing aid type
BTE	115 (55.0)	94 (45.0)
ITE/ITC/CIC	33 (52.4)	30 (47.6)	0.712	–	–
Hearing aid category
C	74 (50.3)	73 (49.7)
A/B	46 (58.2)	33 (41.8)	0.257	1.13 (0.88–1.44)	0.336

Characteristics	Factor 1 scores			Poisson regression		Factor 2 scores			Poisson regression
Characteristics	≤15 n (%)	>15 n (%)	p-value (crude)	PR (95%CI)	p-value (adjusted)	≤13 n (%)	>13 n (%)	p-value (crude)	PR (95%CI)	p-value (adjusted)
Gender			0.051		0.026			0.896
Female	72 (49.0)	75 (51.0)				87 (59.2)	60 (40.8)
Male	76 (60.8)	49 (39.2)		1.27 (1.03–1.58)		73 (58.4)	52 (41.6)		–	–
Age group (years old)			0.136		0.677			0.385
19–59	39 (47.6)	43 (52.4)				45 (54.9)	37 (45.1)
60–100	109 (57.4)	81 (42.6)		1.07 (0.78–1.47)		115 (60.5)	75 (39.5)		–	–
Education			0.337		–			0.816
≥High school	41 (50.0)	41 (50.0)				35 (42.7)	47 (57.3)
Other	107 (56.3)	83 (43.7)		–		84 (44.2)	106 (55.8)		–	–
Work activity			0.025		0.016			0.229
Working	26 (41.9)	36 (58.1)				23 (37.1)	39 (62.9)
Not working	122 (58.1)	88 (41.9)		1.47 (1.07–2.02)		96 (45.7)	114 (54.3)		1.03 (0.80–1.33)	0.83
HA fitting			0.131		0.011			0.615
Binaural	129 (52.9)	115 (47.1)				108 (44.3)	136 (55.7)
Monaural	19 (67.9)	9 (32.1)		1.41 (1.08–1.84)		11 (39.3)	17 (60.7)		–	–
HA type			0.511		–			0.186
BTE	116 (55.5)	93 (44.5)				96 (45.9)	113 (54.1)
ITE/ITC/CIC	32 (50.8)	31 (49.2)		–		23 (36.5)	40 (63.5)		0.90 (0.69–1.17)	0.44
HA category					0.136			0.555
C	73 (49.7)	74 (50.3)				61 (41.5)	86 (58.5)
A/B	48 (60.8)	31 (39.2)	0.111	1.20 (0.94–1.52)		36 (45.6)	43 (54.4)		–	–

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[1] Correspondence address: Mirna Rossi Barbosa Rua São Marcos, 115, Todos os Santos, Montes Claros (MG), Brazil, CEP: 39400-128. E-mail: mirnarossi@hotmail.com