AudBility: test-retest reliability in typically developing children aged 6 to 7 years

Tanaka, Tamy Nathalia; Carvalho, Nádia Giulian de; Colella-Santos, Maria Francisca; Amaral, Maria Isabel Ramos do

doi:10.1590/2317-1782/20212021219en

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Original Article • Codas 34 (6) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20212021219en copy

AudBility: test-retest reliability in typically developing children aged 6 to 7 years

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Purpose

to investigate the test-retest reliability of the AudBility program in typically developing children aged six-seven years.

Methods

29 children, male and female, right-handed, native Portuguese speakers and adequate school performance for the age group studied, underwent previous meatoscopy, immittance measurements and the AudBility program was applied, composed of a self-perception questionnaire and auditory tasks, being analyzed the abilities of sound localization, auditory closure, figure-ground, dichotic digits test, temporal resolution, and temporal ordering of frequency and duration. The program was designed and reapplied with an interval of one week under the same conditions. The performance in each task was presented from central tendency and dispersion data and was conducted using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), based on the 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

The analyses showed a positive and significant ICC (p<0.01) for the questionnaire and auditory tasks, except for auditory closure, in the right and left ears and figure-ground in the left ear. The questionnaire mean ICC was 0.742 and ranged from −0.012 to 0.698 for the auditory tasks.

Conclusion

Based on mean results and upper limit of the CI, the findings showed agreement between moments, classified as good for the questionnaire and moderate to good for five of the seven auditory analyzed tasks (ICC>0.05 and <0.9). The results of the reliability study represent an important parameter for validating the program for the studied age group.

Keywords
Screening; Child; Data Accuracy; Validation Study; Auditory Perception

Questions	Example of situation / Question
Answer options	Always / Often / Sometimes / Rarely / Never
1	You are in the classroom or in a place where people are talking, / Is it difficult for you to hear or understand what the teacher is saying?
2	The teacher or another person is talking too fast to you, / Is it difficult for you to understand what the teacher is saying?
3	The teacher or another person is giving oral instructions (explanations) to you, / Is it difficult for you to follow oral instructions?
4	The teacher or another person is talking to you in a quiet environment, / Is it difficult for you to clearly hear and understand without changing any letter?
5	When the teacher or a friend is talking to you, / Do you feel that sometimes you hear well and sometimes you don’t?
6	You are in the classroom or schoolyard and someone calls your name, / Is it difficult for you to find out where the sound is coming from?
7	The teacher or another person is talking to you, / Do you ask him or her to repeat what he or she said?
8	You are in the classroom, / Are you easily distracted?
9	Last year at school, / Did you have difficulties learning?
10	Are you doing an activity, / Is it difficult for you to pay attention?
11	When you are in the classroom or at home, / Do people say you are daydreaming or inattentive?
12	When you are at school or at home, / Are you disorganized?

AudBility task	Parameters
Sound localization	10 target situations: right, left or above/behind;
Sound localization	10 presentations – each error: 10%
Binaural integration (dichotic digits test)	4 numbers presented concurrently (two in the right ear and two in the left ear).
Binaural integration (dichotic digits test)	20 digits per ear – each error: 5% (answer analyzed considering total correct answers obtained from RE+LE).
Figure-ground (monoaural)	10 sequences per ear in which the child hears a story and, at the same time, a sentence related to a picture and must point to the picture.
Figure-ground (monoaural)	Each error is equivalent to 10%.
Auditory closure (monoaural)	10 sequences per ear in which the child hears an acoustically modified word and must recognize the word among the pictures displayed on the screen.
Auditory closure (monoaural)	Each error is equivalent to 10%.
Temporal resolution	Simple 1000 Hz stimulus (whistle) with intervals (gaps) of 20 ms, 15 ms, 10 ms, 6 ms, 4 ms, and 0 ms between them. In each presentation, the child hears a sequence of six sounds with random gaps and is instructed to count how many he/she can perceive/hear. Each gap appears 10 times.
Temporal resolution	The threshold considered is the lowest the child perceives, at least 6 of 10 presentations or more.
Temporal ordering, duration	10 sequences of three combinations of 800 Hz/400 ms (LONG-L) and 800 Hz/200 ms (SHORT-S) pure tones. Silence time of 350 ms (LLS, SSL, LSL, SLS, SLL, and LSS) between sequences.
Temporal ordering, duration	Each error is equivalent to 10%.
Temporal ordering, frequency	10 sequences of three combinations between pure tones: a 700 Hz gross stimulus (GROSS-G) and a 1500 Hz fine stimulus (FINE-F) of 350 ms duration, such as GGF, FFG, FGF, GFG, GFF, and FGG.
Temporal ordering, frequency	Each error is equivalent to 10%.

Variable	Evaluation moment	Mean	SD	Median	Min.	Max.
Questionnaire (score)	Test	45.72	7.46	46	30.00	56.00
	Test	[42.87, 48.62]	7.46	[45.00, 49.50]	30.00	56.00
	Retest	45.66	6.91	46,00	30.00	57.00
	Retest	[43.15, 48.24]	6.91	[42.00, 50.00]	30.00	57.00
Localization (%)	Test	82.07	11.77	80	50.00	100.00
	Test	[77.71, 86.40]	11.77	[80.00, 80.00]	50.00	100.00
	Retest	90.69	12.23	100	60.00	100.00
	Retest	[85.83, 94.84]	12.23	[100, 100]	60.00	100.00
Digits – general (%)	Test	82.84	8.47	85	67.50	97.50
	Test	[79.67, 85.89]	8.47	[81.25, 85.00]	67.50	97.50
	Retest	88.71	8.25	92.5	67.50	100.00
	Retest	[85.69, 91.59]	8.25	[90.00, 92.50]	67.50	100.00
Auditory closure – RE (%)	Test	89.66	12.10	90	60.00	100.00
	Test	[85.00, 93.93]	12.10	[90.00, 90.00]	60.00	100.00
	Retest	97.59	5.11	100	80.00	100.00
	Retest	[95.67, 99.31]	5.11	[100, 100]	80.00	100.00
Auditory closure – LE (%)	Test	87.24	16.23	90	30.00	100.00
	Test	[80.39, 92.74]	16.23	[90.00, 90.00]	30.00	100.00
	Retest	96.21	6.22	100	80.00	100.00
	Retest	[93.79, 98.33]	6.22	[100, 100]	80.00	100.00
Total figure-ground – RE (%)	Test	84.14	11.50	90	50.00	100.00
	Test	[79.25, 88.13]	11.50	[90.00, 90.00]	50.00	100.00
	Retest	87.24	8.41	90	70.00	100.00
	Retest	[84.17, 90.34]	8.41	[90.00, 90.00]	70.00	100.00
Total figure-ground – LE (%)	Test	81.03	17.18	80	30.00	100.00
	Test	[73.47, 87.14]	17.18	[80.00, 90.00]	30.00	100.00
	Retest	88.97	9.00	90	70.00	100.00
	Retest	[85.76, 92.00]	9.00	[90.00, 90.00]	70.00	100.00
Temporal resolution (threshold – ms)	Test	5.38	4.21	4	4.00	20.00
	Test	[4.10, 6.93]	4.21	[4.00, 4.00]	4.00	20.00
	Retest	4.62	2.98	4	4.00	20.00
	Retest	[4.00, 5.85]	2.98	[4.00, 4.00]	4.00	20.00
Temporal ordering, frequency – Total (%)	Test	68.28	21.39	70	20.00	90.00
	Test	[60.46, 75.12]	21.39	[60.00, 80.00]	20.00	90.00
	Retest	76.55	21.43	80	30.00	100.00
	Retest	[68.52, 83.45]	21.43	[80.00, 80.00]	30.00	100.00
Temporal ordering, duration – Total (%)	Test	21.03	23.04	10	0.00	90.00
	Test	[13.75, 29.66]	23.04	[10.00, 20.00]	0.00	90.00
	Retest	26.21	20.94	20	0.00	90.00
	Retest	[19.10, 33.79]	20.94	[10.00, 30.00]	0.00	90.00

Screening	ICC	P
Questionnaire	0.742	< 0.001 ^*
Questionnaire	[0.519, 0.871]	< 0.001 ^*
Localization	0.253	0.046*
Localization	[−0.064, 0.543]	0.046*
Digits – general	0.558	< 0.001*
Digits – general	[0,052. 0.803]	< 0.001*
Auditory closure – RE	0.178	0.102
Auditory closure – RE	[−0.107, 0.469]	0.102
Auditory closure – LE	0.095	0.268
Auditory closure – LE	[−0.188, 0.400]	0.268
Total figure-ground – RE	0.589	< 0.001 ^*
Total figure-ground – RE	[0.296, 0.782]	< 0.001 ^*
Total figure-ground – LE	−0.012	0.527
Total figure-ground – LE	[−0.317, 0.323]	0.527
Temporal resolution	0,698	< 0.001*
Temporal resolution	[0.455, 0.845]	< 0.001*
Temporal ordering, frequency – Total	0.51	0.001*
Temporal ordering, frequency – Total	[0.191, 0.733]	0.001*
Temporal ordering, duration – Total	0.554	0.001*
Temporal ordering, duration – Total	[0.249, 0.761]	0.001*

Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia Al. Jaú, 684, 7º andar, 01420-002 São Paulo - SP Brasil, Tel./Fax 55 11 - 3873-4211 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revista@codas.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Conflict of interests: nothing to declare.