McConnel, Mendelsohn, Logemann, 1986; United States(99 McConnel FM, Mendelsohn MS, Logemann JA. Examination of swallowing after total laryngectomy using manofluorography. Head Neck Surg. 1986;9(1):3-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.2890090103. PMid:3623931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.2890090103...
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To analyze the role of different anatomical components of the swallowing process in TL patients with and without tongue impairment. |
Group 1 (G1): nine TL without tongue impairment (eight men and one woman); |
Transversal |
Manofluorography (manometry + videofluoroscopy); questionnaire on swallowing and speech; physical exam. |
G1: voluntary control of the food bolus in the oral cavity with minimal residues; greater amplitudes of base pressure gauge waves of the tongue than those of the G2, and non-laryngectomized patients; two patients complaining of dysphagia. |
Group 2 (G2): five TL with tongue impairment due to associated partial/total glossectomy or hypoglossal nerve injury (four men and one woman) |
G2: difficulties in containing the food bolus in the oral cavity, presence of residues, and multiple swallows for cleaning; more difficulties in those who underwent glossectomy than in those with hypoglossal nerve damage; low amplitudes of base pressure gauge waves of the tongue than those of G1 and non-laryngectomized patients; head extension as a compensatory strategy; difficulties in initiating the pharyngeal phase of swallowing; all patients complaining of dysphagia. |
There is no information about the participants' age. |
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McConnel, 1988; United States(1414 McConnel FM. Analysis of pressure generation and bolus transit during pharyngeal swallowing. Laryngoscope. 1988;98(1):71-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1288/00005537-198801000-00015. PMid:3336265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1288/00005537-19880...
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To investigate the mechanisms of generation of pharyngeal pressure and its relationship with the transit of the bolus in normal individuals who underwent surgery. |
Group 1 (G1): 36 not TL (median age: 32 years) |
Transversal |
Manofluorography (manometry + videofluoroscopy); questionnaire on swallowing and speech; physical exam. |
The amplitudes of manometric waves of tongue pressure of G2 are greater than those of G1 and G3; however, those of G3 are lower than those of G1. |
Group 2 (G2): 15 TL without tongue impairment |
The motor force of the tongue (pressure produced by the tongue base directly on the bolus) is greater in G2 than in G1. |
Group 3 (G3): five TL with tongue impairment |
In TL, although there is an increase in the motor strength of the tongue, there is a decrease in the pharyngeal pressure gradient, especially in the hypopharynx, in addition to a decrease in the time and speed of pharyngeal transit. |
Median age of G2 + G3: 54 years |
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Total sample: 33 men and 23 women |
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Hamlet et al., 1992 United States(2020 Hamlet SL, Patterson RL, Fleming SM, Jones LA. Sounds of swallowing following total laryngectomy. Dysphagia. 1992;7(3):160-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02493450. PMid:1499359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02493450...
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To identify which acoustic dimensions of swallowing sounds distinguish TL patients from non-TL patients and suggest a causal interpretation. |
EG: 13 TL (13 men and one woman). Ages between 41 and 71 years. |
Transversal |
Videofluoroscopy + accelerometer, simultaneously. |
The time between the end of the tongue propulsion gesture and the abrupt spectral change expected shortly thereafter was shorter in the EG than in the CG in swallowing both liquid and pasty substances. |
CG: 17 non-TL (14 men and three women). Ages between 36 and 68 years. |
Lazarus et al., 2002; United States(2121 Lazarus CL, Logemann JA, Shi G, Kahrilas P, Pelzer H, Kleinjan K. Does Laryngectomy Improve Swallowing After Chemoradiotherapy? A case study. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2002;128(1):54-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archotol.128.1.54. PMid:11784255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archotol.128.1...
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To assess swallowing, oral tongue pressure, and tongue base pressure towards the pharynx in an TL patient to improve dysphagia resulting from chemoradiotherapy for the treatment of a tumor in the hypopharynx. |
Case: 72 years old, male. |
Case report |
Videofluoroscopy of swallowing + concomitant manometry. |
Incomplete contact and reduced pressure between the base of the tongue and the posterior pharyngeal wall; |
Control: a non-TL individual matched for age and gender. |
Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) to assess tongue pressure and resistance. |
Higher maximum isometric pressure of the tongue in this case, but within normal limits for healthy elderly people; |
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Tongue resistance time was shorter in this case, but in both cases, it was lower than the normal limits for healthy elderly people; |
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Oral tongue pressure during dry swallowing with no significant difference, but both with lower than expected values; |
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Increased pressure of the oral tongue during swallowing, with effort in both. |
Maclean et al. 2011; Australia(1515 Maclean J, Szczesniak M, Cotton S, Cook I, Perry A. Impact of a laryngectomy and surgical closure technique on swallow biomechanics and dysphagia severity. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011;144(1):21-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599810390906. PMid:21493382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01945998103909...
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To determine whether TL changes the pharyngeal pressure and whether such changes, if they occur, correlate with the surgical technique(s) or severity of dysphagia. |
24 TL (19 men and five women). |
Transversal |
Videomanometry; questionnaire with swallowing scale of the Australian Therapy Outcome Measures (Aus-TOMs). |
There was no significant difference between TL with and without swallowing complaints regarding the maximum peak pressure of the tongue base. |
Ages between 46 and 82 years. |
Morandi et al., 2014; Brazil(77 Morandi JC, Capobianco DM, Arakawa-Sugueno L, Ferraz AR, Cernea CR, Andrade CRF, et al. Análise videofluoroscópica da deglutição após laringectomia total. Rev Bras Cir Cabeça Pescoço. 2014;43(3):116-9.)
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To describe the results of videofluoroscopic analysis of swallowing in TL. |
22 videofluoroscopy exams of TL patients who underwent bilateral neck dissection with primary closure (n = 20), pectoral muscle flap (n = 1), and jejunum microsurgical flap (n = 1), followed by radiotherapy. |
Transversal |
Videofluoroscopy of swallowing. |
Reduced movement of posteriorization of the tongue base: 48%; |
Stasis on the base of the tongue: 76%. |